（新課標(biāo)）高考英語閱讀理解和短文改錯(cuò)選練（5）.doc

（新課標(biāo)）2016高考英語閱讀理解和短文改錯(cuò)選練（5）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c、d）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。a report consistently brought back by visitors to the us is how friendly，courteous and helpful most americans were to themto be fair，this observation is also frequently made of canada and canadians，and should best be considered north americanthere are，of course，exceptionssmall-minded officials，rude waiters，and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the usyet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves commentfor a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one anotherstrangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion，and brought news of the outside worldthe harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitalitysomeone traveling alone，if hungry，injured，or ill，often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlementit was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlersit reflected the harshness of daily life： if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him，there was no one else who wouldand someday，remember，you might be in the same situationtoday there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveleryet，the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the us，especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails“i was just traveling through，got talking with this american，and pretty soon he invited me home for dinneramazing” such observations reported by visitors to the us are not uncommon，but are not always understood properly1in the eyes of visitors from the outside world，_arude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the usbsmall-minded officials deserve a serious commentccanadians are not so friendly as their neighborsdmost americans are ready to offer help2it could be inferred from the last paragraph that _aculture exercises an influence over social interrelationshipbcourteous convention and individual interest are interrelated cvarious virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friendsdsocial interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions3families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers _ato improve their hard life bin view of their long-distance travelcto add some flavor to their own daily lifedout of a charitable impulse4the tradition of hospitality to strangers _atends to be superficial and artificial bis generally well kept up in the united statescis always understood properlydhas something to do with the busy tourist trails5whats the authors attitudes toward the americans friendliness？afavorable bunfavorable cindifferent dneutral【參考答案】1-5、dacba閱讀理解。why laughter mattersalthough most people believe that laughter is one of the natures great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out.“l(fā)aughter above all else is a social thing，” says baltimore neuroscientist, robert provine, who has studied laughter for decades. “all laughter groups laugh hahaha basically the same way. whether you speak mandarin, french or english, everyone will understand laughter. there is a pattern generator(發(fā)生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”laughing is our first way of communicating. babies laugh long before they speak. no one teaches them how to laugh. they just do. people may laugh at a prank(惡作劇) on april fools day. but surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke. laughter is mostly about social responses rather than to a joke. deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isnt dependent on single sense but on social interactions.and laughter is not just a thing of people. chimps tickle(撓癢) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.jaak panksepp, a bowling green university psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. it turns out rats love to be tickledthey return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.by studying rats, scientists can figure out whats going on in the brain during laughter. northwestern university biomedical engineering professor, jeffrey burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁藥). he thinks the same thing probably happens in humans, too. this would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts say. margaret stuber, a professor at university of california, studied whether laugher helped patients. she found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.“no study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit，” provine said, largely because its hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. but he thinks it doesnt really matter, “isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”1the most important finding of robert provines research is that _alaughter makes a person feel goodblaughter depends on different sensesclaughter is a quality people are born withdlaughter is a social response shared by all creatures2according to the passage, scientists studied rats in order to find _aif they can laugh bif they like laughingcwhat laughter in rats produces dhow rats react while being tickled3what can we learn from the passage?apatients will recover if they laugh enough.blaughter is a means of communication as well as a language.ca new medicine has been developed based on the laughter research.dscientists can know what is happening in a human brain when he laughs.4which of the following shows the structure of the passage?a. b.c. d.cp: central pointp: pointsp: subpoint(次要點(diǎn)) c: conclusion【要點(diǎn)綜述】“笑”既是人類也是動(dòng)物的一種交際行為，多數(shù)人認(rèn)為“笑”是治療身體疾病和心理疾病的有效方式之一?！靶Α笔欠衽c健康有直接的聯(lián)系，尚無科學(xué)定論，但是，“笑”能使你身心愉悅，這畢竟是一件好事。1a推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”可知a項(xiàng)正確。2c事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段“l(fā)aughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁藥)”可知。故c項(xiàng)正確。3b事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“all laughter groups laughhahaha basically the same way.”以及第三段“l(fā)aughing is our first way of communicating.”可知，“笑”既是一種交際方式也是一種所有物種都能理解的語言。故b項(xiàng)正確。4d篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一節(jié)首先提出話題：盡管“笑”被認(rèn)為是治療身體疾病和心理疾病的方式之一，但是它仍舊是研究者們?cè)噲D想弄明白的一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的科研項(xiàng)目；接著文章從兩個(gè)方面來論述主觀點(diǎn)：(1)“笑”是人類的行為：laughter above all else is a social thinglaughing is our first way of communicating；(2)“笑”也是動(dòng)物的行為：and laughter is not just a thing of people；最后得出結(jié)論：“笑”是否與健康有直接的聯(lián)系尚無科學(xué)定論，但是，“笑”能使人身心愉悅，這畢竟是一件好事。綜上可知d項(xiàng)正確?！居缮綎|省2014模擬改編】 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！癱onfidence” is probably one of the most noticeable traits（品質(zhì)）in the americansthey show confidence in the way they talk，the way they smile，the way they dress and the way they walkliving and competing with all these confidence american students，i find it extremely important to be confident as an international student and instructoras a student，being confident means you should never hesitate to raise your hand whenever a question or a point comes to your minddont mind if it sounds simple or sillyotherwise you will never get a chance to speak in class at allwhats worse，the professors may think you are not prepared for the discussion or you do not have your own opinion on the issuethis is the last comment any graduate would like to receive being confidence for me as a foreign instructor means calmly asking the student to repeat what he or she has said if i did not get itpretending to understand what you actually did not may just bring yourself embarrassment or even disgracebut the time i most need to be confident is when my students come to my office and bargain about the grades i have given for their speeches（the course im teaching here is public speaking）modesty is a trait highly valued in china，but it wont be of much help here if you want to survive and succeed in a good american graduate program1to compete with american students its very important to abe quite confidentbbe polite and friendlychave more discussions with themdunderstand what they think about 2a professor will have the worst opinion of a student who agives a silly or simple answerbtries to seize any chance to speak in classcshows no interest in the coursedis considered to have no opinion of his own3the author is most likely to feel embarrassed if ahe asks a student to repeat what he has saidbthe students bargain with him che pretends to know what he doesnt dhe has to give a speech4we learn from the second paragraph that awe should also remain modest in americabmodesty doesnt help you much in americacamericans also like modest peopledmodesty can help you through an american graduate program5the passage is mainly developed by aproviding examples bmaking comparisonscgiving different figures dtelling personal experiences【參考答案】1-5、adcbd 1.短文改錯(cuò) dear jim, i was pleased to hear from you and i am written to tell you something about the changes in my school.you are right. great changes have been taken place in my school. it is not longer what it used to be three years ago, when there were only one teaching building and a playground. i am happy to tell you two new buildings had been built and are on use. one of them is a new classroom building, in it there are rooms for music, arts and computer teaching. the other is a library, where there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. however, my school is good equipped with sports facilities and musical instruments. the number of students has also grown from 1,500 to 2,500. whats more, we had planted a lot of trees and flowers in and around the school. i believe my school become better and better, and i hope you will visit my school again. yours, li hua【參考答案】1.dear jim, i was pleased to hear from you and i am written to tell you something about the changes in my writingschool.you are right. great changes have been taken place in my school. it is not longer what it used noto be three years ago, when there were only one teaching building and a playground. i am happy to wastell you two new buildings had been built and are on use. one of them is a new classroom building, inin it there are rooms for music, arts and computer teaching. the other is a library, where there are whichall kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. however, my school is good equipped with sports besides wellfacilities and musical instruments. the number of students has also grown from 1,500 to 2,500. whats more, we had planted a lot of trees and flowers in and around the school. havei believe my school become better and better, and i hope you will visit my school again. will yours, li hua2.短文 改錯(cuò)此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行做出判斷：如無錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾()；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正：此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線()劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。注意：原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要進(jìn)行修改，請(qǐng)打（）表示。today was like some other day in my life. in the morning, 76. the weather was awful, which made me to feel unhappy. 77. and i had to go to the bookstore to buy some books. when i come into the bookstore, the shop assistant told me that 78. they didnt have the books. so i had to go to others 79. bookstores, so they didnt have the books, either. i spent 80. the whole morning look for the books in different bookstores, 81. and on the way, i wasted much time, which made me very angry. finally, to my joy, i found out the books and bough