初中英語被動語態(tài)講解及練習.ppt

被動語態(tài) Passivevoice Renee Ran 被動語態(tài)基本用法當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時 謂語的形式是主動語態(tài) 當句子的主語是動作的承受者時 謂語要用被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)由be 過去分詞構(gòu)成 時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來 IspeakChinese Chineseisspokenbymy 基本結(jié)構(gòu) A be 過去分詞 byB am is are done was were done Shall willbe done 情態(tài)動詞 be done 1 規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞 1 一般情況在動詞原形后加 ed watch watched 2 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加 d practice practiced 3 以輔音加y結(jié)尾的 去y變i加 ed study studied 4 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾 末尾只有一個輔音字母 先雙寫該輔音字母 再加 ed stop stopped 2 不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞 am is are been have has had do done write written go gone Heplantstreesinspring 主 執(zhí)行者 謂 賓 承受者 Trees areplanted by him 改為被動語態(tài) inspring 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣 賓語提前主語變 原主變賓by后見 時態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵 isspokenby HespeaksEnglish English English He him 主 執(zhí)行者 謂 賓 承受者 主動語態(tài) 主語 動詞 賓語被動語態(tài) 主語 be 過去分詞 by 賓語 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣 賓語提前主語變 原主變賓by后見 時態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵 ManypeoplevisitSanyaeveryyear Sanyaisvisited bymanypeople everyyear Peopleeatseafood Seafoodiseatenbypeople Peopletakephotosattheseaside Photosaretakenattheseaside bypeople CaoWenxuanwritesthisbook ThisbookiswrittenbyCaoWenxuan 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主語 謂語 賓語 Shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday 主 謂 Bowls arewashed by hisbrother everyday 賓 承受者 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) 主語 am are is 動詞過去分詞 by賓語 其他 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) 1 Heplantsflowersinspring Flowers inspring 2 Theycleantheclassroomeveryday Theclassroom by everyday 3 Motherwashesthedisheseveryday Thedishes bymothereveryday areplanted byhim iscleaned arewashed 練一練 them 主動 Childrenplanttreesinspring 被動 Treesareplantedbychildreninspring 一般疑問句 Aretreesplantedbychildreninspring 回答 Yes theyare No theyaren t 主動 Theycleantheclassroomeveryday 被動 Theclassroomiscleanedbythemeveryday 一般疑問句 Istheclassroomcleanedbythemeveryday 回答 Yes itis No itisn t 仔細觀察 肯定句 Thebooksarereadbystudents 一般疑問句 Arethebooksreadbystudents 回答 Yes theyare No theyaren t Arethecomputersusedbyhim Thecomputersareusedbythem Arethecomputersusedbythem Yes theyare No theyaren t Thecarisusedbyhim 悟一悟 通過觀察以上句子 你發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么 一般疑問句是怎樣構(gòu)成的 Wedrinkwatereveryday Waterisdrunkeveryday Iswaterdrunkeveryday Yes itis No itisn t 通過觀察 我們發(fā)現(xiàn) 被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句是這樣構(gòu)成的 Be 主語 過去分詞 by賓語 其他 練一練 1 Heoftenwritesletterstohismother Letters often tohismother 2 UncleWangrodethebikeyesterday hisbike byUncleWangeveryday lettersoften tohismother Yes heis No heisn t Yes theyare No theyaren t Thebike byUncleWangyesterday are written Are written is ridden Is ridden TheyplayfootballonSunday Lucydoesthehomeworktoday Theyoftenusecomputersinclass WemakethesemachinesinBeijing PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK FootballisplayedbythemonSunday ThehomeworkisdonebyLucytoday Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK 被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況1 不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時 在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時 仍然要帶上介詞 e g Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass 被動句 Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass e g Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool 被動句 Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool 2 當動詞帶有雙賓語 有賓補 并且賓補是省去 to 的動詞不定式時 在被動語態(tài)中應加上 to e g Theymakeusdoallthework 被動句 Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem e g Weoftenhearhersingsongs 被動句 Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus e g Isawhimwalktoschool 被動句 Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme 這些動詞真奇怪 主動句中to離開 被動句中to回來 let have make feel see watch hear notice 教某人某事teachsb sth teachsth tosb 把某物給某人givesb sth givesth tosb 告訴某人某事tellsb sth tellsth tosb 把某物遞給某人passsb sth passsth tosb 把某物扔給某人throwsb sth throwsth tosb 把某物發(fā)送給某人sendsb sth sendsth tosb 把某物帶給某人bringsb sth bringsth forsb 給某人買某物buysb sth buysth forsb 為某人制作某物makesb sth makesth forsb 為某人準備某物preparesb sth preparesth forsb 為某人煮某物cooksb sth cooksth forsb 3 當動詞帶雙賓語時 一個賓語是指人 一個是指物 Mothercookedmerice 將其中指人的賓語提前作被動句的主語時 另一個賓語按順序照抄下來 Iwascookedricebymother 如是將指物的賓語提前作被動句的主語 在被動句中則指人賓語前應加 to 或 for Ricewascookedformebymother e g Hegivesmeaflowereveryday 被動1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday 被動2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday e g Mymotherboughtmeacomputer 被動1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother 被動2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother 1 Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings Knives forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth EXERCISES areused are cleaned 變被動語態(tài) 3 Ifoundtheticketonthefloor onthefloor 4 Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime She toreturnthebookintime Theticketwasfound wastold 5 Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday He onlytwomealsaday 6 Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem Nowcomputers tohelpthem wasmadetohave canbe used 7 Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear atthistimelasttime 8 Mustwefinishourworktoday ourwork today Weremanytreesplanted Mustbefinished 9 Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps 1 somewonderfulstamps 2 Somewonderfulstamps weweregiven were giventous 10 TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer Tom toturnonthecomputer 11 Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework Mostofthework bywomeninthisfactory wasasked isdone 12 Hecanmendthebikeintwodays Thebike intwodays 13 Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday Thismedicine threetimesaday canbemended mustbe taken 14 ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman German bythestudentsinthisschool 15 Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion thisquestionoften about isstudied Is talked bythem 練習 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳?1 LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully LiLei sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei 2 Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom 3 Wetookcareofthethings Thethingsweretakencareofbyus 練習 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳?4 Theygaveussomework Weweregivensomeworkbythem Someworkwasgiventousbythem 5 Theboymadethemlaughallthetime Theyweremadetolaughallt