高考英語(yǔ) 提高得分點(diǎn)看“面”（專題集訓(xùn)） 三大從句2.doc

提高得分點(diǎn)看“面”（專題集訓(xùn)）：三大從句21(2013江蘇高考)the president of the world bank says he has a passion for china, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.awhere bwhichcwhat dwhen解析：選b考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood”為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是passion，且空處在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，因此選which。2(2013安徽高考)mo yan was awarded the nobel prize for literature in 2012, _ made one of the chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.ait bthatcwhat dwhich解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：莫言獲得了2012年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這使得中國(guó)人民很久以來的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾整個(gè)主句。it和what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，可排除；that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，高考中的考查重點(diǎn)是which在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常代指整個(gè)主句。we hope the measures to control house prices, which are taken by the government, will succeed.我們希望政府采取的控制房?jī)r(jià)的措施會(huì)成功。定語(yǔ)從句中where的考查1(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)when i arrived, bryan took me to see the house _ i would be staying.awhat bwhencwhere dwhich解析：選c考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，布萊恩帶我去看了我即將居住的房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。2(2013江西高考)he wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.awhat bwhichcwhere dhow解析：選c考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他寫了一封信，在信中他解釋了在那起事故中發(fā)生了什么。分析句子成分可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，a letter是先行詞，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)。where在這里相當(dāng)于in which。3(2012重慶高考)sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales.awhich bthatcwhen dwhere解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為定語(yǔ)從句。position是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，主要有以下兩種情況：(1)表示具體的地點(diǎn)stephen hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.(2010福建高考)史蒂芬霍金認(rèn)為，地球可能不是唯一有生命進(jìn)化的行星。(2)表示模糊的地點(diǎn)和抽象意義的地點(diǎn)(常見的先行詞有race, job, activity, case, situation, point, position, stage, degree等)，但這些詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用that/which。they have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.(作狀語(yǔ))他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.(作賓語(yǔ))記住在明天的會(huì)議上我們還有一點(diǎn)必須弄清楚。名詞性從句中what的考查1(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.awhich bwherechow dwhat解析：選d考查名詞性從句。句意：警察找到的東西似乎是那尊丟失的古代雕像。分析句子成分可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用what。2(2013北京高考)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.athat bwhatcwho dwhich解析：選b考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：讓這本書如此非凡的是作者創(chuàng)造性的想象力。所填詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故選b。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示“所有的事物/東西，凡是的事物”，充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。the message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.(what在從句中作賓語(yǔ))(2011上海高考)你想用語(yǔ)言所傳達(dá)的信息可能與他人所理解的恰恰相反。making mistakes is a part of life. what matters is what you do afterwards.犯錯(cuò)誤是在所難免的。重要的是你事后如何去應(yīng)對(duì)。名詞性從句中that的考查1(2013山東高考)its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.awhat bwhosecwhich dthat解析：選d考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：得知我們離開時(shí)狗會(huì)得到很好的照顧真高興。分析句子成分可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而且在從句中不作任何句子成分，故選d。2(2012北京高考)jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.awhy bhowcthat dwhether解析：選c 考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：jerry不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達(dá)。that he could have expressed it differently是由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作felt的賓語(yǔ)。that在從句中不作成分。that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，沒有詞義，不作句子的任何成分，只起連接詞的作用。experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. (2013北京高考)專家認(rèn)為可以通過只有需要食物時(shí)才購(gòu)物這一方法減少食物的浪費(fèi)。名詞性從句中whether的考查1(2013陜西高考)it remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.athat bwhichcwhat dwhether解析：選d考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)新形成的委員會(huì)的政策能否實(shí)施還有待觀察。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it作形式主語(yǔ)，而真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的從句“_ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意來判斷，此處表示“是否”的意思。故選d。2(2012安徽高考)the limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but_ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.awhere bwhethercthat dwhy解析：選b考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：一個(gè)人的智力極限，通常來說，出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)定型了，但他是否能夠達(dá)到這些極限則取決于他的生活環(huán)境。根據(jù)“depend on”可知，主語(yǔ)從句“ _ he reaches these limits”中含有不確定因素，故用whether，選b。 whether為連詞，在從句中不作任何成分，意為“是否”。it doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2012山東高考)在這家商店，你是用現(xiàn)金還是信用卡支付都沒有關(guān)系。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的考查1(2013江蘇高考)in the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.awhatever bwhoevercwherever dwhichever解析：選c考查狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“_ it is discovered”為狀語(yǔ)從句，空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此選wherever“無(wú)論在哪里”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。2(2013遼寧高考)one can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life.ahow bwhatcwhen dwhere解析：選a考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：一個(gè)人不論他生活中的日程有多么滿，總是能設(shè)法做更多的事情。空后面的full是形容詞，所以應(yīng)該用how修飾，no matter how引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。3(2013四川高考)he is so busy. he cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to.aeven if bas ifcbecause dbefore解析：選a考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：他很忙。即使他想陪他的兒子也沒有足夠的時(shí)間。even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。4(2012全國(guó)卷)i dont believe weve met before，_ i must say you do look familiar.atherefore balthoughcsince dunless解析：選b考查連詞。句意：雖然我必須要說你看起來很眼熟，但我不相信我們之前見過。前后兩分句間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選although (雖然，盡管)。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的常用連詞有 although, though, even if, even though, as (從句需要倒裝), while (一般置于句首), no matter 疑問詞， 疑問詞ever。while i always felt i would pass the exam, i never thought i would get an a(2012湖南高考)盡管我一直覺得自己能通過考試，但是我從未想到會(huì)得a。however serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(2010上海高考)不論你的問題有多嚴(yán)重，你都應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣，接受挑戰(zhàn)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的考查1(2013安徽高考)its much easier to make friends _ you have similar interests.aunless bwhenceven though dso that解析：選b考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。句意：當(dāng)你們有相似的興趣愛好時(shí)，你們會(huì)更容易成為朋友。本題需要根據(jù)句意和前后兩個(gè)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來判斷使用哪個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞。unless“除非”，表示條件；when表示時(shí)間，有時(shí)也表示條件；even though“即使”，表示讓步；so that“以便，因此”，表示目的或結(jié)果。2(2011四川高考)as is reported, it is 100 years_qinghua university was founded.awhen bbeforecafter dsince解析：選d考查狀語(yǔ)從句。since conj. “自以來，從以后”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，自清華大學(xué)建立以來已有一百年了。it is一段時(shí)間since從句表示“自從以來已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。3.(2011浙江高考)one friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.a.after b.whilec.since d.when解析：選d考查連詞辨析。語(yǔ)意表示我們正在收拾行李，這時(shí)我的女兒聽到求救的呼喊。be doing.when.表示“正在做某事，這時(shí)（突然）”，是常用結(jié)構(gòu)，故選d項(xiàng)。1when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“正在這時(shí)”，表示某件事正發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生時(shí)，突然發(fā)生另一動(dòng)作。when構(gòu)成的相關(guān)句型如下：tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.(2010全國(guó)卷)湯姆正要關(guān)窗戶，這時(shí)他的注意力被一只鳥吸引住了。2下列結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一就”：as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner .than ., hardly/scarcely .when .the moment i heard the voice，i knew father was coming.我一聽到那個(gè)聲音就知道父親來了。he had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.(2011遼寧高考)no sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他剛完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來。3before(1)表示“還未就；不到就；才；趁；還沒來得及就”。the girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.(2010福建高考)小女孩還沒來得及按門鈴，門就突然開了，并且她的朋友沖出來問候她。(2)it was一段時(shí)間before .“過了多久才”it will be一段時(shí)間before .“再過多久之后才”。it will be half a year before i come back.還得再過半年我才能回來。條件狀語(yǔ)從句的考查1(2013江西高考)she says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.aif bunlesscafter dwhen解析：選b考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：她說她將不得不關(guān)掉商店，除非生意好轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知選b項(xiàng)。2(2013重慶高考)_ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.aonce bas long ascunless dsince解析：選c考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：除非有足夠的證據(jù)，否則我們就不能勝訴。unless“除非”；once“一旦”；as long as“只要”；since“既然”。根據(jù)句意可知c項(xiàng)正確。3(2012江蘇高考)ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.aso that bno matter howcas long as dexcept that解析：選c考查連詞。句意：只要一個(gè)人給別人的生活帶來價(jià)值，那么他的生命就有價(jià)值。as long as意為“只要”，符合句意。so that意為“以便，結(jié)果”；no matter how意為“不管怎樣”；except that意為“除了”。條件狀語(yǔ)從句的常用連詞有if, unless, as/so long as(只要), only if(位于句首主句要倒裝), in case, on condition that等。once they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.(2010北京高考)學(xué)生一旦決定上哪所大學(xué)，他們就應(yīng)該了解一下入學(xué)手續(xù)。1(2013昆明市高三一模)mr.green is a man with rich experience, _， obviously, makes others respect him.awhat bthatcwhich dwho解析：選c考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：格林先生是一個(gè)有著豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人，這很明顯會(huì)使他受到別人的尊敬。此處引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞為 rich experience，故選c。2(2013寶雞市高三二模)he came to a point _ there was no more road to follow, and before him he could see nothing but a thick forest.awhere bwhatcwhich dthat解析：選a考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他到達(dá)了一個(gè)地方，那里沒有什么路可走，在他面前只有濃密的森林。point后為定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where。3(2013鄭州市高三二模)what do you think of the new iphone 5 your mother bought for you?wonderful! thats exactly _ i wanted.awhy bwhichcthat dwhat解析：選d考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：“你認(rèn)為你的母親給你買的iphone 5如何？”“好極了！那就是我想要的。”此處引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用what。4(2013四川綿陽(yáng)市高三二模)there is no doubt _ those working hard can pass the exam easily.awhether bifcthat dwhat解析：選c考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：毫無(wú)疑問，那些努力學(xué)習(xí)的人會(huì)很容易就通過考試。there is no doubt that .為固定句式，其中that引導(dǎo)的從句作doubt的同位語(yǔ)。5(2013淄博市高三二模) _ a new library is to be built has not been decided yet, because the project will cost a lot of money.athat bwhethercwhere dhow解析：選b考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：新的圖書館是否修建還未確定下來，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)工程要花費(fèi)大量金錢。此處用whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”。6(2013哈六中考前適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)_ the activities might seem childish, in reality they require a lot of strength and determination.awhen bascwhile donce解析：選c句意：盡管這些活動(dòng)可能看起來有些孩子氣，但是事實(shí)上他們需要很多力量和毅力。此處用while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。7(2013西安市西北工業(yè)大學(xué)考前模擬)susan came to the party yesterday, but it was already half past eight _ she turned up.athat bbeforecuntil dwhen解析：選d句意：蘇珊昨天來參加了宴會(huì)，但她出現(xiàn)時(shí)已經(jīng)8點(diǎn)半了。此處由when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。8(2013成都七中考前模擬)you may join the other kids in the summer camp _ you promise to make full use of it.aas long as bas ifceven if deven though解析：選a句意：只要你保證充分利用夏令營(yíng)，就可以和其他孩子們一起參加。此處用as long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“只要”。9(2013北京市三十九中考前適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)the question _ you should take this medicine should be decided by your family doctor.awhy bwhethercif dthat解析：選b句意：你是否應(yīng)該服用這種藥應(yīng)該由你的家庭醫(yī)生來決定。此處用whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”。10(2013寧夏銀川一中高三二模)i was buried in reading pride and prejudice the whole day. its ages _ i enjoyed myself so much.aafter bbeforecwhen dsince解析：選d句意：我整天都在讀傲慢與偏見，我已經(jīng)有好幾年沒有這么快樂了。此處由since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意選d。定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的比較(2012江蘇高考)the notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.awhen bthatcwhether dhow解析：選b考查同位語(yǔ)從句。分析句子成分可知，“_ the meeting would be postponed”是同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說明notice的具體內(nèi)容，從句句意完整，且不缺少成分，所以用that引導(dǎo)。判斷是定語(yǔ)從句還是同位語(yǔ)從句可以用“加詞”的方法，即在名詞和從句之間加入一個(gè)be動(dòng)詞，如果句子意思成立，則是同位語(yǔ)從句，否則，則是定語(yǔ)從句。試比較：the notice that meeting had to be put off was true.(同位語(yǔ)從句)the notice was that the meeting had to be put off.the notice that he read just now was true.(定語(yǔ)從句)定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的比較1(2013北京高考)many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.awhen bwhichcwhose dwhere解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：許多國(guó)家現(xiàn)在正在建立國(guó)家公園，動(dòng)植物可以在這里得到保護(hù)。where animals and plants can be protected是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞national parks，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。2(2012天津高考)everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.awhile bwhencwhere dthough解析：選c考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：在畢業(yè)典禮上，一切東西都放在他想放的位置。此處where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)涉及“地點(diǎn)”時(shí)，判斷是定語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句的依據(jù)：看句中是否有先行詞。試比較：please make a mark where you dont understand while reading.(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)please make a mark in the place where you dont understand while reading.(定語(yǔ)從句，在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾先行詞the place)定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的比較(2013重慶高考)john invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.athem bthatcwhich dwhom解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：約翰邀請(qǐng)了大約四十個(gè)人參加他的婚禮，其中大部分是家庭成員。該定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞指人，且“most of _”在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，空處位于介詞后，故用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)。區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句與并列句，要注意句中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和連接詞。如果句與句之間有并列連詞and，but或者分號(hào)，則是并列句；如果是逗號(hào)，且逗號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說明，則是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系詞。試比較：she brought with her three friends, none of whom i had ever met before.(定語(yǔ)從句)she brought with her three friends, and none of them i had ever met before.(并列句)定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較1(2013重慶高考)it was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.awho bthatcwhen dhow解析：選b考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下，這個(gè)登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員才得以獲救。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：it is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who .2(2009福建高考)its helpful to put children in a situation_they can see themselves differently.athat bwhencwhich dwhere解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為situation，condition，state，point，case等時(shí)，且引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)常用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 區(qū)分是定語(yǔ)從句還是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，看從句中是否缺少句子成分，如果去掉it is/was和that/who，結(jié)構(gòu)仍完整，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，反之，則為定語(yǔ)從句。試比較：it was in the hospital that he came across a friend of his.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)it was the hospital where he came across a friend of his.(定語(yǔ)從句)此外，高考時(shí)常將定語(yǔ)從句與省略、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)合起來在具體語(yǔ)境中進(jìn)行考查，所以，我們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)不能只考慮語(yǔ)法，還應(yīng)注意實(shí)際交際功能。如：where did you get to know her?it was on the farm where we worked.完整的答語(yǔ)應(yīng)為：it was on the farm where we worked that i got to know her.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的比較1(2013四川高考)nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.awhat bwhichcwhen dwhere解析：選d考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：現(xiàn)在人們更加關(guān)心他們所居住的環(huán)境。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為environment，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where。2(2012全國(guó)卷)that evening, _ i will tell you more about later, i ended up working very late.athat bwhichcwhat dwhen解析：選b考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后會(huì)告訴你更多相關(guān)的情況。which i will tell you more about later是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which在從句中作about的賓語(yǔ)，代指that evening。 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)；關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。注意：先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞不一定用where；先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞不一定用when；先行詞是reason時(shí)，關(guān)系詞不一定用why。試比較：this is the factory where i worked last year.this is the factory (that/which) i visited last year.i will never forget the day when i worked with them.i will never forget the day (that/which) i spent with them.this is the reason why he was absent from school.this is the reason (that/which) he explained for his absence from school.以上例句中visit，spend和explain為及物動(dòng)詞，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)。定語(yǔ)從句中which與as的比較1(2013山東高考)there is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.aas bthatcwhen dwhere解析：選a考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該題為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所填詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，where和when不能作主語(yǔ)，所以選as。2(2013天津高考)we have launched another manmade satellite, _ is announced in todays newspaper.athat bwhichcwho dwhat解析：選b考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：今天的報(bào)紙報(bào)道了我們發(fā)射了另外一顆人造衛(wèi)星。此處which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別whichas位置上只能放在先行詞的后面位置靈活，可位于句前、句中，也可置于句后搭配上無(wú)動(dòng)詞的限制謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是表示感覺或心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如see, hear, know, expect, remember, guess, hope等句意上意為“這一點(diǎn)”表示“正如，正像的那樣”the air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.(2012福建高考)正如報(bào)告所顯示的，在過去的兩個(gè)月里，這個(gè)城市的空氣質(zhì)量已有所改善。after graduating from college, i took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.(2010四川高考)大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我抽出一部分時(shí)間去旅游，事實(shí)證明這是一個(gè)明智的選擇。定語(yǔ)從句中who, whom與whose的比較1(2013湖南高考)happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.awhom bwhocwhat dwhich解析：選b考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：幸福和成功往往降臨到那些善于意識(shí)到自己優(yōu)點(diǎn)的人的身上。先行詞是those，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故答案為b。2(2012浙江高考)ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.awhich bwhocwhere dwhom 解析：選b考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是a painter，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞who。3(2011新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)the prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.athat bwhichcwhose dwhat解析：選c考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)會(huì)頒給作品最富有想象力的那位作家。此處whose引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞the writer，表所屬關(guān)系。故選c。that和which為關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。who在引導(dǎo)的