園林術語中英文對照.doc

園林術語中英文對照園林設計術語1.主入口大門/崗亭(車行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/崗亭(車行 & 人行 ) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商業(yè)中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景 WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天劇場 MINI AMPHI-THEATRE 6.迎賓景觀-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 7.觀景木臺 TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 8.竹園 BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步廣場 WALKWAY PLAZA 10.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE 11.巨大迎賓水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 12.木橋 TIMBER BRIDGE 13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、觀景臺 ROCKSCAPE / WATERFALLS / GROTTO / VIEWING TERRACE 14.吊橋 HANGING BRIDGE 15.休憩臺地(低處) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) 16.休憩臺地(高處) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 17.特色踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD 19.兒童樂園 CHILDRENS PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道 SLIDE 21.羽毛球場 BADMINTON COURT22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日藝園 JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱噴泉 DRY FOUNTAIN 25.觀景臺 VIEWING DECK 26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL 27.極可意 JACUZZI 28.嬉水池 WADING POOL 29.兒童泳池 CHILDRENS POOL 30.蜿蜒水墻 WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE 32.中心廣場 CENTRAL PLAZA 33.健身廣場 EXERCISE PLAZA 34.橋 BRIDGE 35.交流廣場 MEDITATING PLAZA 36.趣味樹陣 TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停車場 PARING AREA 38.特色花架 TRELLIS 39.雕塑小道 SCULPTURE TRAIL 40.(高爾夫)輕擊區(qū) PUTTING GREEN 41.高爾夫球會所 GOLF CLUBHOUSE 42.每棟建筑入口 ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.籃球場 BASKETBALL COURT 44.網(wǎng)球場 TENNIS COURT 45.階梯坐臺/種植槽 TERRACING SEATWALL / PLANTER 46.廣場 MAIN PLAZA 47.森林、瀑布 FOREST GARDEN / WATERFALL 48.石景園 ROCKERY GARDEN 49.旱溪 DRY STREAM 50.涼亭 PAVILION 51.戶外淋浴 OUTDOOR SHOWER 52.拉膜結構 TENSILE STRUCTURE 53.臺階 STAIR 54.高爾夫球車停車場 PARKING ( GOLF CAR ) 55.健身站 EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路 JOGGING FOOTPATH 57.車道/人行道 DRIVEWAY / SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道 PROMENADE 59.瀑布及跳舞噴泉(入口廣場) WATERFALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) 60.特色入口 ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景廣場 ROCKERY PLAZA 園林建筑術語中國古典園林- classical Chinese garden中國傳統(tǒng)園林- traditional Chinese garden中國古代園林- ancient Chinese garden 中國山水園- Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宮苑- imperial palace garden皇家園林- royal garden 私家園林- private garden江南園林- garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典園林- western classical garden 英國式園林- English style garden中英混合式園林- Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式園林- Italian style garden西班牙式園林- Spainish style garden法蘭西式園林- French style garden勒諾特爾式園林- Le Notres style garden文藝復興莊園- Renaissance style garden 洛可可式園林- Rococo style garden 巴洛克式園林- Baroque style garden莊園- manor,villa garden廊柱園- peristyle garden,patio綠廊- xystus迷陣- maze,labyrinth靈囿- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代術語靈沼- Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代術語靈臺- Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代術語阿房宮- E-Pang Palace 秦代術語上林苑- Shang-Lin Yuan 漢代術語未央宮- Wei-Yang Palace 漢代術語洛陽宮- Luoyang Palace 魏代術語華清宮- Hua-Qing Palace 唐代術語艮岳- Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代術語圓明園- Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden頤和園- Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山莊- Chengde Imperial Summer Resort蘇州園林- Suzhou traditional garden懸園- Hanging Garden 又稱“懸空園”，“架高園”。英國皇家植物園- Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 又稱“邱園”。凡爾賽宮苑- Versailles Palace Park楓丹白露宮園- Fontainebleau Palace Garden景- view,scenery,feature遠景- distant view近景- nearby view障景- obstructive scenery, blocking view 又稱“抑景”。借景- borrowed scenery,view borrowing對景- oppositive scenery,view in opposite place 縮景- miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景- leaking through scenery框景- enframed scenery尾景- terminal feature主景- main feature副景- secondary feature配景- objective view夾景- vista line,vista 又稱“風景線”前景- front view背景- background景序- order of sceneries景點- feature spot,view spot園林空間- garden space開敞空間- wide open space,wide space封閉空間- encloseure space意境- artistic conception,poetic imagery蒼古- antiquity空靈- spaciousness,airiness動觀- in-motion viewing靜觀- in-position viewing軸線- axis,axial line主軸- main axis副軸- auxiliary axis暗軸- hidden axis,invisible axis 又稱“隱軸首字母索引A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZAAccessibility - 可達性Accessible route - 易達的路線advance notice - 事先通知aerial photogrammetry - 航空攝影測量aerobic digesters - 需氧消化池aesthetic / structural considerations - 審美方面的考慮aesthetic controls - 審美控制aggregate base - 混合基礎AIA - 美國建筑師協(xié)會Anaerobic digesters - 厭氧分解池annual rate - 年度比率APA - 美國規(guī)劃師協(xié)會appropriateness of a given site for - 某個特定場地的適宜性arterial streets - 主干道as-built records - 施工記錄ASLA - 美國景觀設計師協(xié)會athletic facility - 運動設施atmosphere and character - 氣氛和特征average walking distance - 平均步行距離axioms - 原理BBackfill - 回填backhoe - 挖溝機bar charts - 橫道圖barrier design - 障礙設計basic components - 基本內容beams - 大梁bearing capacity - 承載力benchmarks - 水準點billing - 帳簿biodiversity - 生物多樣性bioengineering - 生物工程biomass - 生物量bioretention ponds - 生物滯留池boardwalks - 棧橋bonding company - 擔保公司bonuses - 獎金boundary definition - 邊界確定boundary survey - 邊界測量brick and concrete block walls - 磚和混凝土砌塊墻brownfields - 褐色土地bulldozers - 推土機business development - 商業(yè)開發(fā)business parks - 商業(yè)園區(qū)C cadastral survey - 地籍測量camping - 野營 candlepower - 燭光度cantilevered wall - 懸臂墻cascading waterfalls - 瀑布疊水 certificates of payment - 付款證明書certifications of compliance - 應允證明書cesspools - 化糞池，污水坑，污水滲井，糞坑change orders - 變更單changes, unauthorized - 未經(jīng)同意的變更channels, stormwater - 雨水溝渠，槽，渠道circulation control - 循環(huán)控制circulation patterns - 環(huán)流模式clay lenses - 粘土防滲層clay soil - 粘土clean-up - 清掃，清理，清除，提純，凈化clean-up and final inspection -清理和檢查clearing and grubbing - 清理和除根client - 業(yè)主climate zones - 氣候帶closeout - 竣工cluster treatment systems - 集中式污水處理系統(tǒng)co-ordinates - 坐標cold - 寒帶collected rainwater - 收集起來的雨水collector streets - 次干道colloidal soil - 膠質土壤commercial center design - 商業(yè)中心設計communication - 電信community commercial - 社區(qū)商業(yè)community facility standards - 社區(qū)設施標準community parks and recreation planning data - 社區(qū)公園和文娛體育規(guī)劃資料community scale - 社區(qū)尺度community standards - 社區(qū)標準compaction - 壓實competition pools - 競賽用游泳池components - 組分，內容composting toilets - 堆肥廁所conceptualization - 概念化concrete crib wall - 混凝土格籠墻cones of vision - 視錐connected imperviousness - 連續(xù)的非滲透地面conservation standards - 保護標準considerations in use of - 用途方面的考慮constructed wetlands - 人工濕地construction - 施工construction document - 施工文件construction layout - 施工布局construction observation - 施工監(jiān)理construction permits - 施工許可construction sequence - 施工順序construction survey - 施工測量container plants - 盆栽植物contingencies - 臨時費contingency allowance - 臨時津貼contract - 合同unauthorized changes - 未經(jīng)同意的變更contract documents - 合同文件control points - 控制點conveyance techniques, stormwater - 雨水的輸送技術corrective observation - 校正性（補救性，修正性）檢查（監(jiān)理）corridors - 廊道cost data - 造價數(shù)據(jù)cost estimate components - 造價估算內容cost estimating - 造價估算cost plus - 造價累計cost plus fixed - 固定費用之和court - 運動場地court games - 場地運動court surface - 運動場地地面CPM - 關鍵路徑法Critical Path Method. See CPM - 關鍵路徑法，見CPMCSI - 施工規(guī)范原理culverts - 涵洞，暗溝，管道cut operations - 挖方工程DDatum - 數(shù)據(jù)decking - 平臺面，鋪板decks - 平臺，甲板 decks, function of - 平臺的功能deferred maintenance - 延期維修（維護）demolition, general - 整體破壞demolition ,selective - 選擇性破壞density - 密度depth - 深度design development - 設計擴初，設計深化design framework - 設計框架design impacts - 設計影響design quality - 設計質量design requirements - 設計要求design speed - 設計速度detail scale - 細部尺度detention ponds - 滯留池development - 開發(fā)development feasibility planning - 開發(fā)的可行性規(guī)劃development programming - 開發(fā)計劃development types, industrial and business - 開發(fā)類型，工業(yè)和商業(yè)dimensional Criteria - 標注標準dimensions - 標注dimension of human figures - 人體尺度direct labor - 直接人工費disconnected imperviousness - 不連續(xù)的非滲透地面display pumps - 噴灌泵disposal - 處理，處置，排除，清除drip system, low-volume - 耗水量低的滴灌系統(tǒng)DL. See direct labor DL. - 見直接人工費drainage - 排水，流域面積，排洪，排水系統(tǒng)drinking water - 飲用水dry detention ponds - 干滯池durability - 耐久性EEames, Charles and Ray - 查理埃姆斯和雷earthwork - 土方ecological impact - 生態(tài)影響economic impact - 經(jīng)濟影響edge habitat - 邊緣棲息地edge restraint - 邊緣限制electrical lines - 電力線embodied energy - 蘊藏能量endwalls - 尾墻energy - 能量embodied. See embodied energy - 具體化的，見蘊藏能量，具體能量energy costs - 能量造價environmental impact analysis - 環(huán)境影響分析environmental impact statement (EIS) - 環(huán)境影響報告書（EIS）environmental modification - 環(huán)境修復equipment costs - 設備費equipment crew costs - 設備人工費equivalents - 相等物，等同物estimating - 估算estimating water flows - 估算水流量estimating design load - 估算設計荷載evaluation - 評價evaporation - 蒸發(fā)evapotranspiration rate - 土壤水分蒸發(fā)蒸騰損失總量速率exotic plant species - 外來植物物種eye levels - 視平線Ffabric reinforcement - 纖維加固，織物加強件facilities planning data - 設施規(guī)劃數(shù)據(jù)feasibility planning - 可