經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo).doc

經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)第1章 Lesson 1 International Trade(1)本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講述國(guó)際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生、存在的兩個(gè)原因和國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)專(zhuān)門(mén)化的兩個(gè)理論，尤其介紹了比較利益理論。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) the definition of international trade 2) two reasons for international trade A. the uneven distribution of natural resources among countries B. international specialization 3) two theories for international specialization A. the theory of absolute advantage B. the theory of comparative advantage a. the contents of the theory b. not a static concept c. the cornerstone of modern thinking on international trade d. David Ricardo, the economist who introduced the theory 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： define, distribution, natural resources, abundant, scarce,incentive, constitute, exploit, remainder, hold, in terms of ,illustrate, table, assume, efficient, occur, static, intuitive,endowment, appeal 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： services, primary commodities, specialization, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, capital, land and labor第2章 Lesson 2 International Trade(2)本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講述國(guó)際貿(mào)易存在的另外三個(gè)原因以及關(guān)稅壁壘和非關(guān)稅壁壘等貿(mào)易限制措施。 考核要點(diǎn) 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí) 1) other bases for trade among countries A. patterns of demand B. economy of scale C. innovation style 2) the reasons why complete specialization may never occur 3) tariff barriers-the most common form of trade restriction 4) quotas-the most common form of non-tariff barriers 2.生詞與短語(yǔ) strategic,bulky,perishable,barrier,levy,coincide,refund,signatory,concession,impose,protectionist,unilateral,label,forthcoming 3.經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ) tariff, quota, customs area,customs union,import duties,export duties, ad valorem, specific,compound duties,drawback,most-favored-nation (MFN ), tariff schedule, non-tariff barrier,visible trade, invisible trade第3章 Lesson 3 International Payment本章簡(jiǎn)介本課介紹了國(guó)際貿(mào)易支付的復(fù)雜性，以及支付工具匯票的必要知識(shí)和跟單托收的必要知識(shí)。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) the complexity of payment in international trade A. risks faced by the exporter and the importer B. political factors, commercial factors, geographical factors,etc. 2) two methods of payment used under certain conditions A. cash in advance or partial cash in advance B. open account 3) the draft (bill of exchange) A. definition B. sight draft and usance draft (tenor draft or term draft ) C. clean draft and documentary draft 4) documentary collection A. documents against payment (D/P) a. D/P at sight b. D/P after sight B. documents against acceptance (D/A) 2.生詞與短語(yǔ) domestic, status, remittance, default, ban, luctuation, hesitant, dubious, sound,with discretion, invoice 3.經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ) debtor, debit, credit worthiness, periodic payments, draft(bill of exchange),drawer, drawee, payee, usance draft(tenor draft, term draft),documentary draft, clean draft, documentary collection, documents against payment (D/P), documents against acceptance (D/A)第4章 Lesson 4 The Letter of Credit(1) 本章簡(jiǎn)介本課介紹了信用證的特點(diǎn)、主要內(nèi)容以及信用證有關(guān)當(dāng)事人。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) the definition of the letter of credit 2) the unique and characteristic feature of the letter of credit 3) the relevant parties of the letter of credit and their roles in its process of operation: A. the applicant B. the opening bank C. the advising bank D. the beneficiary E. the negotiating bank F. the confirming bank 4) the major contents of the letter of credit 5) the documents being the only concern of the banks in credit operation 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： release, gain control over, impeccable, bilateral, unique, undertaking, stipulation, discrepancy, nominate, submit, expire,seal, underlying, obligation, ultimately, security, insufficient 3.經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： applicant,opening bank,beneficiary,correspondent bank,advising bank,amendment,confirming bank,reimburse,unit price,partial shipment,transshipment,the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits,in favor of,the carrying vessel第5章 Lesson 5 The Letter of Credit(2)本章簡(jiǎn)介 本課介紹了信用證的主要種類(lèi)及信用證的局限。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) major types of credits and their functions, forms and mechanism A. clean credit and documentary credit B. revocable credit and irrevocable credit C. confirmed credit and unconfirmed credit D. sight credit and usance credit E. transferable credit and non-transferable credit F. non-draft credit G. revolving credit 2) the limitations of the letter of credit A. inability to provide absolute security B. being more expensive than other forms of payment 2生詞與短語(yǔ)； category, fall under, mechanism,certainty,alter,commitment,cancel,consult with, revoke, consent, extensively, double assurance, involve,impeccable, middleman, renew, reinstate,sustain, bankrupt 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： clean credit, non-trade settlement, revocable credit, irrevocable credit,maturity, confirmed credit, leading bank,sight credit,usance credit, capital turnover,face value,transferable credit,nontransferable credit, non-draft credit, discount,deferred pay-ment,involving credit, insolvent 第6章 Lesson 6 The Business Contract 本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講述了合同的磋商過(guò)程、種類(lèi)以及格式和內(nèi)容。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1.經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí) 1) the definition of the contract 2) two types of business negotiations: oral and written 3) the process of negotiation and the conclusion of the contract A. inquiry B. quotation C. offer and acceptance D. counter-offer 4) the necessity of the written contract 5) the types of contracts A. sales contract B. purchase contract C. sales (or purchase) confirmation 6) the setting up of a contract A. the 學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo) B. the contract proper a. the name and address of the buyer and the seller b. the details of the commodity transacted c. the terms and conditions mutually agreed d. indication of the number of original copies,language(s) used, and the validity C. the signatures of the contracting parties D. the stipulations on the back of the contract 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： set forth, binding, enforceable, sue, trade fairs, trunk call,voluntarily,indispensable, invalid, setting up, unbinding, hereby,hereunder, yard, overleaf, cotton yarns, cotton piece goods,bleached 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： inquiry, quotation, validity period, offer, counter offer,offeree, sales (purchase) contract, sales (purchase) confirmation, consignment, contracting parties,force majeure, arbitration, business line, contract proper, article number 第7章 Lesson 7 Major Documents Required in World Trade 本章簡(jiǎn)介本課介紹了出具正確單據(jù)的重要性和單據(jù)的主要種類(lèi)。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) the importance of correct documentation 2) major types of documents: A. commercial invoice a. maJor contents b. points to be noted B. packing list a. major contents b. documents with similar function:specification list; weight list (weight note; weight memo ) C. the bill of lading a. 3 major functions b. major contents c. clean on board bill of lading d. airway bill and cargo receipt D. insurance policy and insurance certificate a. major contents b.the difference between the two E. various certificates 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： delay, discrepancy, conformity, description, seal, currency,function,comply with, signature, in general terms, exceed, memos, devoid of, liability, settle 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： documents, take delivery of , commission, discount, shipping marks, bill of lading,carrier, shipper, consignor, carriage,consignee, notify party, payable, airway bill,insurance policy, cargo receipt, commercial invoice, legal holder, insurance certificate,customs invoice, consular invoice, consular visa, shipping advice, certificate of quality,certificate of weight, certificate of quantity,certificate of health,certificate of disinfection,certificate of origin,veterinary certificate 第8章 Lesson 8 Incoterms 本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講敘了國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的必要性，以及國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)的分組和三種最常用的貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) the necessity and purpose of having lncoterms 2) the reasons for the 1990 revision of Incoterms: A. changes in transportation techniques B. increasing use of electronic data interchange 3) the four groups of Incoterms A. Group E (EXW) B. Group F C. Group C D. Group D 4) the three most commonly used terms A. FOB (free on board) B. CFR (cost and freight) C. CIF (cost, insurance, freight) 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： climate, degenerate, draw up, respective, subsequent, intertation,entail, addition, revise, unitisation, maritime, consolidate, render, vital, whereby, mises, disposal, departure,quay, litigation, destination, short-sea 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： deal, trade terms, trading practices, negotiable, EDI, customs clearance, dispatch, lnternational Chamber of Commerce(ICC), roll on-roll off, Incoterms, negotiable transport document,FOB, CFR, CIF, EXW, FCA, FAS, CPT, CIP, DAF, DES,DEQ, DDU, DDP 第9章 Lesson 9 Transportation本章簡(jiǎn)介本課介紹運(yùn)輸?shù)亩x、作用，重要運(yùn)輸方式以及促使運(yùn)輸變革的因素。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) definition of transportation and freight transportation 2) the five major modes of transportation 3) three types of carrier ownership A. common carriers B. contract carriers C. private carriers 4) importance, role, and contribution of transportation 5) the four factors that are substantially changing transportation A. transportation deregulation B. just-in-time inventory systems C. competition based on high levels of customer service D. globalization of business 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： fundamental, efficiency, primitive, in a broad sense, grocery,distinct,urgency, administer, perform, discrimination, perunit,peculiarities, entreneur,limelight, logistics, location, tendency, stringent, introduction, community, intercourse,offset, eliminate, dynamic, shackle, thrust, mature, impact, potential,selfsufficient, globalization 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： documentation, finished products, deregulation, productivity,cost economies, intermediate products, natural product province,inventory 第10章 Lesson 10 Insurance(1)本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講授可知的保費(fèi)與不可知的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的概念，企業(yè)可從共同基金中獲得的好處以及外貿(mào)保險(xiǎn)的必要性和作用。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) definition of insurance 2) the idea of a known mium and the uncertainty of risk 3) the common pool and the advantages enterprises can gain from it 4) insurance for overseas trade A. necessity B. function 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： survey, transfer, enterprise, uncertainty, redecoration, gut,hinterland,scoop, multi-modal, circumstance (s), dict, accuracy, stimulus, emergency,proportion, share, handmaiden, cover 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： insured, insurer, claim, client, margin, draw, jeopardy, literature,underwriter, known mium, pool, cargo insurance, marine insurance第11章 Lesson 11 Insurance(2) 本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講授保險(xiǎn)的三個(gè)重要原則，兩個(gè)輔助原則和近因原則以及海洋運(yùn)輸三種基本險(xiǎn)別。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) three main principles of insurance A. insurable interest B. utmost good faith C. indemnity 2) two sub-principles of insurance A. contribution B. subrogation 3) the doctrine of proximate cause 4) three basic types of marine insurance A. free from particular average (F. P. A. ) B. with particular average (W. A. ) C. all risks 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： conform, subsidiary, doctrine, utmost, be tempted to, crucial, platinum,unintentional, restore, Ford car, percentage,breach, negligent, diminish 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： port of origin, voidable, indemnity, ruin, insurable interest, terms of sale, all risks, principle of utmost good faith,subrogation, contribution, proximate cause of the loss,forwarding charges, free from particuIar average, with particular average 第12章 Lesson12 Counter Trade本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講授了對(duì)銷(xiāo)貿(mào)易的起源與發(fā)展，當(dāng)今對(duì)銷(xiāo)貿(mào)易的三種形式，以及對(duì)銷(xiāo)貿(mào)易的好處與缺陷。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) origin and development of counter trade 2) current counter trade A. barter B. counter purchase C. buyback D. features common to the three forms of counter trade 3) the five major advantages of counter trade A. helping to deal with foreign exchange shortage B. promoting export C. reducing uncertainty regarding export receipts D. bypassing international price agreement E. helping countries with debt problems to import goods 4) the drawbacks of counter trade 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： allegedly, landscape, drastically, phenomenon, motivation,generic,literally, perpetuate, disarray, conceptually, reciprocal,stipulate, intertemporal,be tied to, leverage, photocopying machine, intriguing, concurrently, verify,sophisticated,bypass, expertise, tap, conceal, in essence 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： counter trade, hyperinflation, Reichsbank, cross-border contract, foreign exchange, protectionism, financial market, clearing system, net positions, compensation trade,European Payment Union (EPU), trade credit accounts, barter, counter purchase, buyback,vertical, centrally planned economies, competitive devaluation, Volkswagen, Xerox Corporation,OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)第13章 Lesson 13 The International Stock Exchang本章簡(jiǎn)介本課講授了國(guó)際證券交易的有關(guān)知識(shí);證券交易的作用；國(guó)內(nèi)普通股市場(chǎng)；金邊證券市場(chǎng)；期權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)；外國(guó)股票市場(chǎng)。二、考核要點(diǎn)； 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： l) the role of stock exchange A. capital raising market B. market place for government stocks, company securities, and other investment instruments 2) three areas of the Domestic Equity Market A. the listed market B. the unlisted securities market C. the third market 3) the gilt-edged market 4) the traded options market 5) the foreign equities market 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： channel, indices, uphold, well-established, enforcement, rigorous, qualifications,govern, standing committee, oversee, discipline, in breach of , criteria, sophisticated,underlying, statute,practitioner, expertise, set rules 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： investor, securities, finance, equities, raise, broker, Jobber,hedge, shortfall,stock exchange, long-term capital, secondary capital market, primary capital raising,market floor, market maker,listed market, income tax, gilt-edged stocks/securities, options,cost-effective, public sector borrowing requirement, books,value added tax (VAT), institutional investor第14章 Lesson 14 Multinational Corporations本章簡(jiǎn)介 本課講授了跨國(guó)公司的特點(diǎn)、目標(biāo)、作用及運(yùn)行方式。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) development of multinational corporations 2) definition of multinational corporations A. parent MNC B. affiliate MNC 3) characteristics of multinational corporations A. enormous size B. wide geographical sad C. longevity and rapid growth 4) needs and goals of multinational corporations A. profit B. security a. security of profits b. security of assets and investment c. security of other organizational needs 5) power and control of multinational corporations A. power of the parent company, its regional headquarters and affiliate MNCs B. power of host governments 6) multinational corporations as important vehicles for the transfer of resources across national boundaries 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： burgeon,uncedented,phenomenon,assembly,internationalization,affiliate,facilities,label,employ,incorporate purport, headquarters, dominance,gigantic,double digit, survival, embark (on), intervene, derivation, jurisdiction, technical improvements, wield, decentralize, vehicle, global 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： assets, resources, local assembIy, shareholders, host countries,board of directors, inputs, multinational corporation, multinational enterprise,day-to-day running, international economic environment第15章 Lesson 15 The International Monetary Fund本章簡(jiǎn)介 本課講授了國(guó)際貨幣基金組織的起源、作用及發(fā)放貸款的主要種類(lèi)。 考核要點(diǎn)： 1經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)： 1) creation of the IMF 2) function of the IMF 3) credit facilities of the IMF A. extended fund facility B. compensatory and contingency financing facility C. buffer stock financing facility D. structural adjustment facility F. enhanced structural adjustment facility 2生詞與短語(yǔ)： sector, crucial, standards of livlng, phenomenon, sphere,temporary,random, medium-term, permanent, extended, lengthen,implementation, viability,compensatory, contingency, innovation, enhance, serve, feature, excess, adjustment, momentum,parallel(to), monitor, adverse, buffer, concessional,eligible, provision, cereal, pursue 3經(jīng)貿(mào)術(shù)語(yǔ)： reserve, fluctuation, a trade shortfall, gold tranche, primary products,international commodity agreement, Bretton Woods Convention, standby arrangement, International Monetary Fund(IMF), growth-oriented, Buffer Stock Financing Facility,Structural Adjustment Facility, Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Compensatory and Contingency Financing Facility, Extended Fund Facility 第16章 Less