中石油職稱英語(yǔ)考試2013版課文2.doc

指的就是6、他三年級(jí)的老師寫(xiě)道：“他母親的死對(duì)他打擊很大，他盡力做好，但他父親對(duì)他不夠關(guān)心，如果不采取一些措施的話，家庭生活很快就會(huì)影響到他。”7.Teddys fourth grade teacher wrote,Teddy is withdrawn and doesnt show much interest in school. He doesnt have many friends and sometimes sleeps in class.7、特迪四年級(jí)的老師寫(xiě)的是：“特迪性格孤癖，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣。他朋友很少，有時(shí)還在班里睡覺(jué)?！?.By now,Mrs. Thompson realized the problem and she was ashamed of herself. She felt even worse when her students brought her Christmas presents,wrapped in beautiful ribbons and bright paper,except for Teddys. His present was clumsily wrapped in the heavy,brown paper that he got from a grocery bag. Mrs. Thompson took pains to open it in the middle of the other presents. Some of the children started to laugh when she found a rhinestone bracelet with some of the stones missing and a bottle that was one quarter full of perfume. She stifled the childrens laughter when she exclaimed how pretty the bracelet was,putting it on,and dabbing some of the perfume on her wrist.8、到現(xiàn)在為止，湯普森夫人才意識(shí)到了問(wèn)題所在，她為自己感到羞愧。當(dāng)學(xué)生們?yōu)樗龓?lái)那些圣誕禮物時(shí)，這種感覺(jué)更加強(qiáng)烈了，禮物都用漂亮的絲帶和彩紙包裝著，除了特迪的。他的禮物包裝顯得很笨拙，粗質(zhì)的褐色包裝紙也是從食品袋里找到的。在一堆其它人的禮物中間，湯普森夫人耐心地打開(kāi)了它，她看到里面有一個(gè)人造鉆石手鐲，其中一些石子已經(jīng)遺失了，還有一瓶只剩下四分之一的香水。有些孩子笑了起來(lái)，她制止住孩子們的笑聲，驚呼這個(gè)鐲子是多么漂亮，她帶上了它，并灑了些香水在手腕上。9.Teddy stayed after school that day just long enough to say,Mrs. Thompson,today you smelled just like my Mom used to. After the children left she cried for at least an hour.9、那天放學(xué)后，特迪呆了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，只說(shuō)了一句：“湯普森夫人，今天你身上的香水味就像我媽媽過(guò)去一樣?！痹诤⒆觽兌茧x開(kāi)后，她哭了不下一個(gè)小時(shí)。10.On that very day,she quit teaching reading,and writing,and arithmetic. Instead,she began to teach children.10、就在那一天，她放棄了教閱讀、寫(xiě)作和算術(shù)。相反，她開(kāi)始教育孩子們。11.Mrs. Thompson paid particular attention to Teddy. As she worked with him,his mind seemed to come alive. The more she encouraged him,the faster he responded. By the end of the year,Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class and,despite her lie that she would love all the children same,Teddy became one of her teachers pets.11、湯普森夫人特別關(guān)注特迪。和她在一塊的時(shí)候，他的頭腦好像又活躍起來(lái)了。她越是鼓勵(lì)他，他的反應(yīng)越快。到這一年結(jié)束時(shí)，特迪已經(jīng)成為這個(gè)班里最聰明的學(xué)生之一，盡管她曾撒謊會(huì)同樣愛(ài)所有的學(xué)生，特迪卻成為她“最喜歡的學(xué)生”之一。12.A year later,she found a note under her door,from Teddy,telling her that she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole life.12、一年以后，她在她門縫下發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)短箋，是特迪寫(xiě)的，告訴她她仍是他一生中最好的老師。13.Six years went by before she got another note from Teddy. He then wrote that he had finished high school,second in his class,and she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole life.13、六年后，她又收到來(lái)自特迪的另一張短箋，說(shuō)他以班級(jí)第二的成績(jī)從高中畢業(yè)了，她仍是他一生中最好的老師。14.Four years after that,she got another letter,saying that while things had been tough at times,hed stayed in school,had stuck with it,and would soon graduate from college with the highest of honors. He assured Mrs. Thompson that she was still the best and favorite teacher he ever had in his whole life.14、又過(guò)了四年，她收到另一封信，里面說(shuō)盡管不時(shí)遇到困難，他還會(huì)呆在學(xué)校里，繼續(xù)完成學(xué)業(yè)，而且很快他就會(huì)以優(yōu)秀的成績(jī)從大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。他向湯普森夫人保證說(shuō)，她仍然是他一生中最好的也是他最喜歡的老師。15.Then four more years passed and yet another letter came. This time he explained that after he got his bachelors degree,he decided to go a little further. The letter explained that she was still the best and favorite teacher he ever had. But now his name was a little longer. The letter was signed,Theodore F. Stoller,M.D.15、又一個(gè)四年過(guò)去了，他又寫(xiě)來(lái)一封信，這次他解釋說(shuō)，在獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位后，他決定繼續(xù)深造，信里還解釋說(shuō)她還是他最好的、最喜歡的老師，但是這時(shí)他的署名有些長(zhǎng)了。署名的地方寫(xiě)著：醫(yī)學(xué)博士西奧多F斯托勒。16.The story doesnt end there. You see,there was yet another letter that spring. Teddy said hed met this girl and was going to be married. He explained that his father had died a couple of years ago and he was wondering if Mrs. Thompson might agree to sit in the place at the wedding that was usually reserved for the mother of the groom.16、故事并沒(méi)有這樣結(jié)束。你瞧，那個(gè)春天還有一封信呢。特迪說(shuō)他遇到了一位女孩，并且馬上要結(jié)婚了。他解釋說(shuō)他父親幾年前去世了，想知道湯普森夫人是否愿意在婚禮上坐在新郎母親的位置上。17.Of course,Mrs. Thompson,did. And guess what? She wore that bracelet, the one with several rhinestones missing. And she made sure she was wearing the perfume that Teddy remembered his mother wearing on their last Christmas together.17、當(dāng)然，湯普森夫人去了。你猜怎么著？她戴著那個(gè)手鐲，就是遺失了幾顆石子的那一個(gè)。而且她特意用了特迪上次和她過(guò)圣誕節(jié)時(shí)送給她的他媽媽以前用過(guò)的香水。18.They hugged each other,and Teddy whispered in Mrs. Thompsons ear,Thank you,Mrs. Thompson,for believing in me. Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.18、他們相互擁抱，特迪在湯普森夫人耳邊輕輕地說(shuō)：“湯普森夫人，謝謝你信任我。非常感謝你讓我覺(jué)得自己很重要，而且使我覺(jué)得我能夠變得不同?！?9. Mrs. Thompson, with tears in her eyes, whispered back. She said, Teddy, you have it all wrong. You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference. I didnt know how to teach until I met you.19、喊著淚水，湯普森夫人也輕輕地對(duì)他說(shuō)：“特迪，你弄錯(cuò)了，是你讓我知道能夠改變，知道遇到你我才知道怎么教學(xué)。”40.An Introduction to Petrochemicals 石油化工產(chǎn)品概述1. The petroleum era was ushered in by the 1859 finding at Titusville,Pennsylvania,but the flourishing of chemicals from petroleum has been only since the early twentieth century. Natural gas and petroleum are in fact our chief sources of hydrocarbons. Natural gas is quite variable in composition,but the major constituent (60%) is methane. Other components are the homologous alkanes,ethane,propane,and higher hydrocarbons. In terms of volume,most of the natural gas produced is used for fuel,although a substantial amount is used as raw material for the synthesis of various types of chemicals. 1、1859賓西法尼亞洲Titusville地區(qū)鉆出油井，開(kāi)創(chuàng)了石油時(shí)代。但從石油中成功地提取化學(xué)產(chǎn)品，則直到20世紀(jì)早期才開(kāi)始。實(shí)際上,天然氣和石油是我們碳?xì)浠衔锏闹饕獊?lái)源。天然氣在成分上不大穩(wěn)定，但主要成分(60)是甲烷。，其他組分有同系烷、乙烷、丙烷以及高分子碳?xì)浠衔?。從?shù)量看，盡管有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的天然氣用作各種合成化合物的原料，但所生產(chǎn)的大多數(shù)天然氣用作燃料。2. The chemical industry depends very heavily on petroleum,natural gas,and natural gas liquids as sources of raw materials. It is likely that in excess of 90% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are derived from these sources. 2、化學(xué)工業(yè)的原材料來(lái)源嚴(yán)重依賴石油、天然氣和液態(tài)天然氣。當(dāng)今所應(yīng)用的上千種不同的基本有機(jī)化學(xué)產(chǎn)品中很可能有超過(guò)90的產(chǎn)品來(lái)自這些資源。3. The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry and is considered by some to be a mature industry. However,as is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types,it must also evolve to meet changing technological needs. 3、石油化學(xué)工業(yè)是隨著石油工業(yè)發(fā)展起來(lái)的，而且有人認(rèn)為已是一個(gè)成熟的工業(yè)部門。然而，從原油類型變化的最新趨勢(shì)來(lái)看，石油化學(xué)工業(yè)同樣需要進(jìn)一步發(fā)展以適應(yīng)技術(shù)發(fā)展的需要。4. The manufacture of chemicals or chemical intermediates from petroleum and natural gas constituents is an excellent example of the conversion of such materials to more valuable products. The individual chemicals made from petroleum and natural gas are numerous and include industrial chemicals,household chemicals,fertilizers,and paints,as well as intermediates for the manufacture of products,such as synthetic rubber and plastics. 4、從石油和天然氣組分中生產(chǎn)化學(xué)產(chǎn)品或化學(xué)中間產(chǎn)品極好地證明了這些物質(zhì)能夠轉(zhuǎn)換成更有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。從石油和天然氣提取的單個(gè)化學(xué)產(chǎn)品數(shù)量眾多；包括工業(yè)產(chǎn)品、家庭用品、化肥、油漆、以及用于生產(chǎn)其他產(chǎn)品的中間產(chǎn)品，如合成橡膠和塑料。5. The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that are,essentially,the building blocks of other chemicals industries,is now very extensive. 5、石油碳?xì)浠衔锿ㄟ^(guò)加工所生產(chǎn)的物質(zhì)，基本上是其他化學(xué)工業(yè)的預(yù)制品，這種加工目前范圍十分廣泛。6. Petrochemicals are generally chemical compounds derived from petroleum either by direct manufacture or by indirect manufacture as by-products from the variety of processes that are used during the refining of petroleum. Gasoline,kerosene,fuel oils,Lubricating oils,waxes,asphalts,and the like are excluded from the definition of petrochemicals,since they are not,in the true sense,chemical compounds but are in fact intimate mixtures of hydrocarbons. 6、石化產(chǎn)品一般指直接或間接地從石油中提煉的化合物，這些化合物往往是石油煉制各種過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的副產(chǎn)品。汽油、煤油、燃料油、潤(rùn)滑油、石蠟、瀝青以及諸如此類的產(chǎn)品不屬于石化產(chǎn)品。因?yàn)椋瑥膰?yán)格意義上說(shuō)，它們不是化合物，而是烴類的均質(zhì)混合物。7. The classification of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate the source of the chemical compounds,but it should be remembered that many common petrochemicals can be made from other sources,and the terminology is therefore a matter of source identification. 7、象“石化產(chǎn)品”這樣的物質(zhì)分類用來(lái)表明化合物的來(lái)源。但應(yīng)記住，許多我們所熟知的石化產(chǎn)品也可以通過(guò)其他途徑生產(chǎn)，因而這一名稱只是用來(lái)識(shí)別原料。8. The starting materials for the petrochemical industry are obtained from crude petroleum in one of two general ways. They may be present in the virgin petroleum and as such,are isolated by physical methods,such as distillation or solvent extraction. On the other hand,they may be present in trace amounts and are synthesized during the refining operations. In fact,unsaturated hydrocarbons,which are not usually present in virgin petroleum,are nearly always manufactured as intermediates during the various refining sequences. 8、石化工業(yè)的初始原料大概通過(guò)一到兩種方法從原油中提取。這些原料物質(zhì)，也許本身就存在于原油當(dāng)中，因此通過(guò)物理方法加以分離，如蒸餾和溶取。同時(shí)，這些物質(zhì)也可能因含量低而在煉制作業(yè)中生成了合成物。實(shí)際上，原油中一般不存在非飽和烴，幾乎所有的非飽和烴都是在各種煉制過(guò)程中作為中間產(chǎn)品而產(chǎn)生的。9. The manufacture of chemicals from petroleum is based on the ready response of the various compound types to basic chemical reactions,such as oxidation,halogenation,nitration,dehydrogenation,addition,polymerization,and alkylation. The low-molecular-weight paraffins and olefins,as found in natural gas and refinery gases,and the simple aromatic hydrocarbons have so far been of the most interest because it is these individual species that can readily be isolated and dealt with. A wide range of compounds is possible,many are being manufactured,and we are now progressing the stage in which a sizable group of products is being prepared from the heavier fractions of petroleum. For example,the various reactions of petroleum heavy ends,in particular the asphaltenes,indicate that these materials may be regarded as chemical entities and are able to participate in numerous chemical or physical conversions to,perhaps,more useful materials. The overall effect of these modifications is the production of materials that either afford good-grade aromatic cokes comparatively easily or the formation of products bearing functional groups that may be employed as a nonfuel material. 9、從石油生產(chǎn)化學(xué)品的依據(jù)是各種類型的化合物對(duì)各種基本的化學(xué)作用感應(yīng)迅速，如氧化作用、鹵化作用、硝化作用、脫氫作用、添加作用、聚合作用和烷基化作用。迄今為止，人們最感興趣的是從天然氣和煉廠氣中所得到的低分子量石蠟和稀烴，以及簡(jiǎn)單芳烴，因?yàn)檫@些物質(zhì)能夠進(jìn)行迅速分離和處理。大量化合物都有望得到、其中許多化合物正在生產(chǎn)。目前我們正在探索如何從石油的重質(zhì)餾分中提煉數(shù)量可觀的產(chǎn)品。比如，石油重質(zhì)尾部餾分，尤其是瀝青質(zhì)的各種反應(yīng)表明這些物質(zhì)可以看成化學(xué)本質(zhì)，也許能夠通過(guò)各種化學(xué)和物理反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變成更有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。這些變化的總體效應(yīng)是，所生產(chǎn)的物質(zhì)，或者能夠相對(duì)容易地提供高品質(zhì)芳焦，或者能夠形成功能族產(chǎn)品，用作非燃料材料。10. For example,the sulfonated and sulfomethlated materials and their derivatives have satisfactorily undergone tests as drilling mud thinners,and the results are comparable to those obtained with commercial mud thinners. In addition,these compounds may also find use as emulsifiers for the in situ recovery of heavy oils. There are also indications that these materials and other similar derivatives of the asphaltenes,especially those containing such functions as carboxylic or hydroxyl,readily exchange cations and could well compete with synthetic zeolites. Other uses of the hydroxyl derivatives and / or the chloroasphaltenes include high-temperature packings or heat transfer media. 10、比如，將磺化物質(zhì)、磺甲基化物質(zhì)及其衍生物作為鉆井泥漿稀料進(jìn)行測(cè)試，效果令人滿意，其應(yīng)用效果可以同商業(yè)泥漿稀料相媲美。此外，這些化合物也可用作重油初采的乳化劑。另有跡象表明，這些物質(zhì)和瀝青質(zhì)的其它類似衍生物，尤其是具有諸如羧基和羥基功能的物質(zhì)，能夠迅速地交換陽(yáng)離子，并且同沸石形成有力抗衡。羥基和或含氯瀝青的衍生物的其他用途包括用作高溫包裝材料和熱傳遞介質(zhì)。11. Reactions incorporating nitrogen and phosphorus into the asphaltenes are particularly significant at a time when the effects on the environment of many materials containing these elements are receiving considerable attention. Various measures have been and will be taken to release such effects. 11、將氮?dú)夂土谆旌铣蔀r青的化學(xué)反應(yīng)尤為重要，因?yàn)楹羞@些元素的物質(zhì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響正受到嚴(yán)重關(guān)注。人們已經(jīng)且還要采取各種措施來(lái)減少這些影響。12. Nevertheless,the main objective in producing chemicals from petroleum is the formation of a variety of well-defined chemical compounds that are the basis of the petrochemical industry. It must be remembered,however,that ease of separation of a particular compound from petroleum does not guarantee its use as a petrochemical building block. Other parameters,particularly the economics of the reaction sequences,including the costs of the reactant equipment,must also be taken into consideration. 12、不過(guò)，從石油生產(chǎn)化學(xué)制品的主要目的在于，生產(chǎn)出大量具有明確界定的化合物，以奠定石化工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)。但是必須清楚，如果某種化合物能夠容易地從石油中分離出來(lái)，并不表明它一定就是石化產(chǎn)品的預(yù)制品。其它因素，尤其是生產(chǎn)這些化合物的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素，包括反應(yīng)設(shè)備的成本，必須考慮在內(nèi)。41.The Subject of Smiling微笑問(wèn)題1.In the spring of this year, a Beijing television channel produced a program called, Smile. It televised the reaction of people on the street when confronted with a smile from an unknown person, chosen at random. Most people were either surprised or seemed a little worried. A few more enthusiastic people even muttered that the person who smiled was crazy. The number of people who actually returned the smile could be counted on one hand.1、這一年春天，北京電視臺(tái)以微笑為題作了一檔街頭調(diào)查節(jié)目：請(qǐng)一些人在街道上對(duì)著遇到的行人微笑，以觀察行人的反應(yīng)。結(jié)果多數(shù)人現(xiàn)出驚訝或緊張的表情，更激烈些的則罵一聲“神經(jīng)病”?；貓?bào)以微笑的路人屈指可數(shù)。2.It seems Chinese people dont really like to smile and thats the impression they convey to the world.2、中國(guó)人不太愛(ài)笑，這差不多是個(gè)國(guó)際印象。3.What is not understood by outsiders is that smiling in China is a very meaningful and subtle thing. Around 781 BC, there was a monarch called Zhou You Wang, who cared little for ruling his country. Instead, he much preferred to chase women. One of his Ministers gave the Emperor a beautiful woman, whom the Emperor really liked, except for the fact that she would never smile. After trying countless different methods to get her to smile, a Minister came up with an idea. He suggested the Emperor light the twenty or so signal fires which were spread around the capital city to warn people when the country was in danger of war. The Minister thought the fires would summon the Warlords and Dukes to bring their armies to the capital and, when the woman saw the chaos caused by tricking the armies, she would surely laugh.3、外國(guó)人不明白，笑在中國(guó)是一件內(nèi)涵頗深的事情。大概在公元前781年，一位稱作周幽王的君主，酷好美女，無(wú)心國(guó)政。有大臣便將一名美女獻(xiàn)給他。周幽王非常喜歡她，但這個(gè)美女從未笑過(guò)。百般招數(shù)無(wú)效后，有一大臣出主意讓周幽王點(diǎn)燃烽火。京城附近有20多座烽火臺(tái)，這是為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)向諸侯求救而建立的信號(hào)臺(tái)。大臣認(rèn)為諸侯見(jiàn)到烽火就會(huì)趕至京城，美女看到兵“慌”馬亂的情形，一定會(huì)笑出來(lái)。4.The Zhou Emperor tried this idea and, sure enough, it made the beautiful woman laugh. Later, when a real enemy came and the Emperor lit the signal fires, the Generals didnt respond, thinking it was just another trick. Thus, the Emperor and his beautiful woman were both captured. Today, the Chinese refer to this story of Emperor Zhou as, Signal fires joke with the Generals.4、周幽王照此辦理，果真引得美人一笑。只是后來(lái)外敵來(lái)犯，周幽王的烽火沒(méi)能把曾受騙的諸侯召來(lái)，至使自己命喪敵手。那位美女也被敵人擄了去。這一樁君王逗美女一笑的故事，就是今天中國(guó)人所知的“烽火戲諸侯”。5.There are four main Chinese classical stories that deal with this problem of smiling. The books are A Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, and Journey to the West. The main character in A Dream of Red Mansions is a young master, no older than 15 or 16, named Jia Baoyu. When trying to get a servant girl to smile, he prepared a bunch of paper fens for her to rip. When the servant heard the ripping sound, she couldnt contain her happiness and broke into a smile. The mother of the young master took a dislike to the girl and found an excuse to cause her death.5、中國(guó)有四大古典名著（紅樓夢(mèng)、三國(guó)演義、水滸、西游記)，紅樓夢(mèng)中的男主人公是年齡不過(guò)十五六歲的王府少爺賈寶玉。這少爺為討婢女的笑臉，備下大堆的紙扇給她撕，這女子聽(tīng)到撕扇聲就樂(lè)不可支。結(jié)果是少爺?shù)哪赣H看不慣這位婢女的張揚(yáng)，找了個(gè)碴，置她于死地。6.In the 8th century AD, there was an Emperor named Tang Ming Huang who doted on one of his concubines. A famous poet of the time, Bai Juyi, wrote a poem describing the beauty of this concubine. The poem says, If she but turned her head and smiled, there were cast a hundred spells, and the powder and paint of the Six Palaces1, faded into nothing. However, a tragic ending to the life of this beautiful concubine came about when a few Generals rose up against the Emperor. The Emperor needed a gesture to boost the morale of his loyal soldiers and urge his concubine to provide the gesture by committing suicide. 6、公元8世紀(jì)，有一位被稱作唐明皇的皇帝，對(duì)一個(gè)妃子寵愛(ài)有加。當(dāng)時(shí)著名的詩(shī)人白居易在詩(shī)中形容這位妃子魅力：“回眸一笑百媚生，六宮粉黛無(wú)顏色”。這個(gè)有媚人笑容的妃子的結(jié)局更慘：當(dāng)那些背叛皇帝的軍人挑起戰(zhàn)亂時(shí)，皇帝不得不逼迫她自殺以安撫軍心。7.From some of the examples above, it seems the ideal taught is, Women arent allowed to smile, and men arent allowed to demand that they smile. Besides these examples, there are some ancient idioms related to smiling, sun as Hide a dagger behind a sharp smile and put on a false smile. These idoms could refer to the sinister plans of an unexpected enemy or the indiscretion that sometimes occurs in the world. The saying, smiling adds ten years to your life, sounds good, and is true if one gains a physical or mental benefit.7、從上面這些曠世之笑中，似乎可以得出“女人不可發(fā)笑，男人不可討笑”的教訓(xùn)。此外，還有一些流傳久遠(yuǎn)的，與笑有關(guān)的成語(yǔ)笑里藏刀、皮笑肉不笑也許道出了人世的險(xiǎn)惡和處世的謹(jǐn)慎?！靶σ恍?，十年少”，這條古訓(xùn)看上去正面了不少，卻充滿著功利。8.I remember in the 1980s, I interviewed the Vice President of a high class hotel, which was state run, but eventually became a joint-venture between a Chinese and foreign ownership. At the time, everything was in short supply and the foreign guests gave the hotel staff a nickname of No because the standard reply to most inquiries was always, No. We dont have it. The attitude of the hotel staff was usually downbeat and smiles were extremely hard to come by.8、記得上世紀(jì)80年代末，我采訪一個(gè)星級(jí)酒店的副經(jīng)理。合資前，這是一家國(guó)營(yíng)飯店。那個(gè)時(shí)代服務(wù)業(yè)的人員被外國(guó)人稱為“沒(méi)有”因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)商品匱乏，要什么都回答“沒(méi)有”；服務(wù)態(tài)度也出奇地差，一笑難求。9.In the course of my interview with the Vice President, we came to the subject of smiling. The Vice President, who came from a military background, resolutely told me, In my Hotel, we want a proletariat smile and, definitely, dont want a capitalist smile. After all, my employees are people too, why would they want to smile at a guest unless they had reason to?9、我就同這位副經(jīng)理談到了微笑服務(wù)。軍人出身的副經(jīng)理堅(jiān)定地告訴我:“在我的酒店，只要無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)的微笑，絕不要資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的微笑。我們的服務(wù)員也是人，無(wú)緣無(wú)故，為什么要對(duì)客人笑？”10.Smiling, and not smiling, according to some people, is a form of respect.10、笑與不笑，在一些人眼里是關(guān)乎尊嚴(yán)的大事。11.David Lamb is a reporter who wrote about the Vietnam War for the L.A. Times, and later wrote a book describing Vietnams development during times of peace. In his book, he wrote, During my first encounters with the Vietnamese during a time of peace, what struck me was the smile. Faces aglow, their smiles seemed natural and spontaneous, not a forced, mechanical flash of politeness, but rather an expression straight from the heart. A European businessman told me he had rejected a posting in China for one in Vietnam because in China, people are distant and somber. They frown all the time. In Vietnam, I walk out my door in the morning, and peo