氧氣管道系統(tǒng)培訓.docx

目錄： 第1章 介紹 第2章 管道 第3章 防爆墻 第4章 液氧泵系統(tǒng) 第5章 內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)清潔 第1章 介紹 在液氧和氣氧系統(tǒng)的PID檢查中，容易忽視一些問題，考慮到這個系統(tǒng)的重要性，接下來將介紹PID檢查。 第2章 管道 氣氧和液氧管線部分介紹的內(nèi)容如下： Purge line installation 導(dǎo)淋管線安裝 Reducer and Elbow 變徑和彎頭 Vertical Vent 垂直放空 Check valves 止回閥 Piping downstream of throttling valve 控制閥的下游管道 By-pass valve 均壓閥（旁通閥） Valve installation on potentially hazardous cryogenic liquid lines 在有潛在風險的低溫液體管線的閥門安裝 Gaskets and root valves 墊片和根部閥 Flanges and Fittings 法蘭和配件 Bonding and grounding 跨接和接地Title 2 PIPING 管道- 倒淋管安裝：3A 液氧管線倒淋有兩種連接形式-3A & 3B 3A形式用于冷箱或隔箱內(nèi)管道, 連接方法如下(E-DS-14-4-3): 3B形式用于保冷管道。連接方法如下(E-DS-14-4-3):Title 2 PIPING 管道-變徑和彎頭Reducer and Elbow 變徑 (GD-SR-COM-009 p14) A horizontal GOX reducer at the inlet of a throttling valve, if any, shall be eccentric with bottom flat.水平氧氣管道節(jié)流閥入口如有變徑，變徑要底平。 A GOX piping reducer shall have a reducing section ratio not greater than 3/1. 氧氣管線的變徑的縮小比率不能超過3/1. The lengths of reducers shall not be less than those of standard piping reducers. Details please refer to GB12459-1990. 變徑的長度不能小于標準變徑的長度（詳見GB12459-1990） 彎頭彎頭的半徑需大于等于1.5D.Title 2 PIPING 管道-垂直放空Vertical Vent 垂直放空 Key words 關(guān)鍵詞： Discharge Point Height 排放口高度 (GD-SR-COM-011 p14/17) Rain Protection Device 防雨裝置 And blue area is hazard zone for vertical venting system. 藍色區(qū)域為垂直排放的危險區(qū)域。 Take care the discharge point height. 需注意排放點高度。 防雨裝置 (GD-SR-COM-011 p40) 方案A: for small vents (up to ND50 / 2) 用于小口徑放空（2及以下） 方案B: for larger vent diameter 用于大口徑放空 方案C: for silencers 用于消音器 提醒：在排放管道小于等于3”時，排雨孔為10mm。在管道大于4”時，排雨孔為20mm.Title 2 PIPING 管道-止回閥Check Valve 止回閥(GD-SR-COM-009 p17) When a check valve is required downstream of a throttling valve, it shall be installed at a minimum distance of 8D downstream of the throttling valve. 節(jié)流閥后有止回閥時，節(jié)流閥后需要保持至少8D的直管道。 節(jié)流閥Throttling valve (GD-SR-COM-009 p20) Throttling valves shall have a straight length of pipe downstream equivalent to a minimum of 8 times the diameter, where the diameter is based on the valve outlet size. 節(jié)流閥下游需保持至少8D的直管道距離，D為閥門出口尺寸。 The first elbow (if radius 5D) downstream a throttling valve shall be at a minimum straight length of 20 D based on the valve outlet size, or alternatively installed inside protective barrier or made of the same material as for the downstream 8 D pipe. 節(jié)流閥下游的第一個彎頭（半徑5D）需保持20D的直管段距離，或安裝在防爆墻內(nèi)，或者保持8D直管道距離的豁免材料（如銅、鎳，銅鎳合金等）。（詳情見p15/p16 Table 1 和 Table 2） 均壓閥 (旁通閥)By-pass Valve (GD-SR-COM-009 p21) As the by-pass valves are throttling valves, they shall have a straight length of pipe upstream and downstream equivalent to a minimum of 8 times the diameter (based on the valve outlet size). Except for by-pass integrated isolation valves. 因為旁通閥是用來節(jié)流的，所以上下游均需滿足最低8D直管道的要求。 The by-pass valve diameter shall not exceed of the main line diameter and shall not exceed ND80.均壓閥直徑不能超過主管道直徑的，且最大不能超過ND80.Title 2 PIPING 管道- 液體管道上的閥門Valve Installation On Liquid Line 在有潛在風險的低溫液體管線的閥門安裝 (G-EP-14-3-2): H1This valve is installed on LOX line aim to avoid the hydrocarbon accumulate in dead end.液氧管線上安裝此類閥門主要是防止在死端的碳氫化合物集聚。LOX pump suction isolate valve is H1 type. Details please refer to PID.液氧泵入口的隔離閥均為H1類型閥門。 詳情參照PID. 在有潛在風險的低溫液體管線的閥門安裝 (G-EP-14-3-2): H2此類液氧管線上安裝的閥門主要是防止在死端的碳氫化合物集聚。 LOX pump discharge isolate valve is H2 type. Details please refer to PID.液氧泵出口的隔離閥均為H2類型閥門。 詳情參照PID。 Title 2 PIPING 管道- 氧氣用墊片GOX Gaskets 氧用墊片GOX Gaskets Title 2 PIPING 管道-根部閥Root Valves 根部閥 Base on the PID, some root valves for tubes marked in R112, R109, R111 and MS are installed in GOX or LOX system. 根據(jù)PID,液氧和氣氧管線上儀表管的根部閥門類型如：R112, R109, R111& MS。 現(xiàn)場PID檢查時，需仔細檢查這些根部閥，防止用錯。 一般手動閥門材料表在文件：500_Piping50X_General502_Manual valves and singular equipment. 還有些手閥材料表列在文件：500_Piping52X_Cold box site erected527_Instrumentation bookTitle 2 PIPING 管道-接地Bonding and Grounding GOX piping grounding 氧管道接地 (GD-SR-COM-009 p21/p22) Electrical continuity across any equipment, connection, except insulating joints, shall be ensured by construction or proper installation instructions. 所有設(shè)備、連接的導(dǎo)電連續(xù)性應(yīng)由正確的安裝來保證。The resistance to earth (or ground) of the pipe work system shall not exceed 10 ohms at any point throughout the installation. 任何點接地電阻需小于10歐姆。 Electrical continuity across flange connection shall be ensured through one of the three following solutions: 法蘭間的連續(xù)導(dǎo)電性可采用如下三種方式之一： Conductive gaskets (e.g. graphite type gaskets or metallic spiral wound ), 導(dǎo)電的墊片（如石墨墊或金屬纏繞墊） Corrosion resistant material for flanges and bolting,防銹蝕材料的法蘭及螺栓 Electrical continuity strips 導(dǎo)電線/帶 Title 2 PIPING 管道-法蘭和配件Flanges and Fittings 法蘭和配件Flanges and Fittings (GD-SR-COM-009 p14) Slip-on flanges shall not be used. 平焊法蘭不能用。 Threaded joints and socket weld connections shall not be used on piping above ND 50. 螺紋連接和承插焊不能用于大于DN50的管道。 死區(qū)Dead end (GD-SR-COM-009 p29) In particular, consideration shall be given to lines in stand-by service such as bypass pipes, vent pipes, or purge lines for which the connection should be on the top of the main line or at least at the same level horizontally. 特別是，備用管線，如旁通、放空、或?qū)Я艿?，需從主管道的頂部或至少水平的位置連接出來。 Title 3防爆墻PROTECTIVE BARRIERS 防爆墻主要從以下幾個方面介紹: (GD-SR-COM-010) Protective barriers layout 防爆墻平面圖 Wall Crossings and Openings 穿墻和開孔 Roof 屋頂 Person access 人員通道 Equipment Outside Protective barriers 防爆墻外設(shè)備 防爆墻平面圖 (GD-SR-COM-010 p9) The barrier shall be at least 300 mm away from oxygen piping under pressure during operation (instrumentation impulse line excluded). 正常運行帶壓的氧氣管道需離防爆墻至少300mm.(儀表導(dǎo)壓管除外) 穿墻和開孔Wall Crossings and Openings (GD-SR-COM-010 p11) Protective barriers shall have no hole or opening except those for access and for piping or equipment penetrations (i.e. manual valves stems).除了通道以及管道或設(shè)備穿過需要，（如閥門的閥桿），防爆墻不能有洞或開孔 Valves shall be equipped with a shield welded on the stem inside the wall with a maximum clearance between the valve stem and the barrier penetration not greater than 12 mm (0.5”). 閥門（2”）需在閥桿上焊接一塊保護板，閥桿和防暴墻穿孔之間的最大間隙不超過12mm. 屋頂Roof (GD-SR-COM-010 p12) To limit the line of sight within the Safety or Separation Distances, partial jet proof roof can be used.為使視線限制在安全或隔離距離之內(nèi)，可以使用局部防爆屋頂。 人員通道Person access (GD-SR-COM-010 p13) Labyrinths or doors shall be used for personnel access inside protective barriers.防爆墻的人員進出通道可以使用迷宮通道或門。 This access shall be at least 800 mm width. 通道寬度不能小于800mm. Labyrinth shall be designed to guarantee that there is a closed angle at the access opening of the walled area. 迷宮的設(shè)計需保證從墻外看來是一個死角。 防爆墻外設(shè)備Equipment Outside Protective barriers (GD-SR-COM-010 p15) Equipment and instrumentation requiring control or maintenance by an operator when the system is in flowing condition shall be located outside the protective barriers. It includes:需要操作工在運行狀況下操作或維護的設(shè)備和儀表，應(yīng)安裝在防爆墻外面，包括： all equipment subject to operators control (except valve positioners), 所有需操作工控制的設(shè)備（除閥門定位器）。 instrumentation readouts and equipment which have to be maintained during operation, 需在運行狀況下維護和讀數(shù)的儀表和設(shè)備 emergency buttons, 緊急按鈕 sampling valves, 取樣閥 air instrument shut-off valves, 控制閥的儀表氣源根部閥 junction boxes, 接線箱 when lighting is installed, the manual switches. 當裝有燈時，手動開關(guān)。 Title 4液氧泵系統(tǒng)LOX PUMP SYSTEM 液氧泵系統(tǒng)將從以下幾個方面介紹： Emergency shut down 急停按鈕 Insulation Material 絕熱材料 LOX suction piping 液氧泵入口管線 LOX discharge piping 液氧泵出口管線 By-pass line 回流管線（旁通管） Degassing piping 排氣管線 Insulated Casing Steelwork 絕熱隔箱鋼構(gòu) 控制箱和緊急停車按鈕Control Cabinet and Emergency Shut Down (GD-SR-ASU-008 p17) Visible and accessible local control cabinet (if any) as well as a local ESD (Emergency Shut Down) button shall be easily accessible. The start/stop (if any) and ESD buttons shall be clearly labeled and identified for each LOX pump system. 就地控制箱和急停按鈕應(yīng)安裝在醒目和易接近的地方。現(xiàn)場啟停按鈕(若有)和急停按鈕需要貼上標簽清晰標明是那一臺氧泵的。 隔熱材料Insulation Material (GD-SR-ASU-008 p24) The material used for insulation of the casing shall be non-organic (e.g. perlite, rockwool, or equivalent). 隔箱內(nèi)所有絕熱材料均需是無機物。（如珠光砂、礦渣棉或其它同等材料） 液氧泵入口管線LOX pump suction piping (GD-SR-ASU-008 p18) There shall be a gas lock upstream the suction valve of the LOX pump. 在液氧泵入口閥門的上游需要有氣封。 (H1閥門)氣封：在低溫液體和閥門間形成氣體隔離，減少通過閥門的冷量損失和液體的汽化。 There shall be, as a minimum: 至少需要如下： 0.9 m (3ft) developed pipe length between the suction valve and the tip of the suction strainer, and 從入口閥到過濾器尖至少設(shè)計0.9m的 長度。 a bend in the line between the suction valve and the suction flange of the pump.在泵入口法蘭和入口閥之間的管道設(shè)計有彎曲。 The suction piping connected to LOX pump shall have a continuous and positive slope. Details please refer to PID. 氧泵入口管線應(yīng)有一個連續(xù)且向上的坡度。具體參照PID. 液氧泵出口管線LOX pump Discharge piping (GD-SR-ASU-008 p20) A drain valve shall be installed on the piping upstream the discharge check valve. 在出口止回閥的上游，需安裝導(dǎo)淋管線。 There shall be a gas lock downstream the discharge isolation valve if LOX can be present when the discharge valve is closed. 當出口的隔離閥關(guān)閉后，當隔離閥下游仍有液氧的情況下，在隔離閥的下游應(yīng)有氣封。(H2閥門) 液氧泵回流管線LOX pump By-Pass Line (GD-SR-ASU-008 p22) The by-pass or recirculation line shall have a continuous and positive slope and shall be co