2014年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試(全新版,30天突破).doc

鴨題庫(kù)：視頻授課+名師答疑+在線?？?內(nèi)部資料，考試通過無憂！ 考試問吧，有問必答！ 第6部分：完形填空（第5165題，每題1分，共15分） 下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are _1_ the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope _2_supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is _3_to cause an avalanche. _4_ a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low_5_ of avalanche. Snow does not_6_ significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not_7_ easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snows angle of rest is_8_ 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is: A slope that is_9_ enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche,regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with_10_; that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the. more likely it is that an avalanche will occur. Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe.Good avalanche safety is a continuous_11_, including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather_12_, and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also_13_ the risk.If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports,they should be considered and and all warnings should be paid _14_ to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have charged since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are _15_ or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.詞匯：avalanche / vl:nt/n.雪崩snowpack / snupk/n積雪場(chǎng)terrain / terein /n.地形，地勢(shì)steep /sti:p/ adj，險(xiǎn)峻的，陡峭的trigger / trig /n.引起，激發(fā)incidence / insidns /n.，發(fā)生（率）ski /ski:/v滑雪complexity / kmpleksiti /n復(fù)雜性注釋：1angle of rest：這里指積雪保持靜止的角度。2. rule of thumb：指“a broadly accurate principle, based on experience or practice rather than theory”，即“通用法則，經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則”。3Additionallv：是一個(gè)副詞，用來引入新的事實(shí)或論點(diǎn)，意為“此外”。4backcountry：人煙稀少的地區(qū)練習(xí)：1. A among B of C to D in2. A when B that C who D whose3. A mostly B likely C clearly D surely4. A are B will be C is D was5. A weight B form C risk D work6. A fall B flow C roll D gather7.A fall B flow C roll D gather8.A among B between C with D for9.A thick B thin C flat D rocky10.A use B time C snow D rain11.A journey B trip C fact D process12.A conditions B reports C forecast D event13.A increase B reduce C improve D remove14.A price B effort C attention D money15.A missing B grown C big D fresh答案與題解：1A 表達(dá)“雪崩是山上可能發(fā)生的最大危險(xiǎn)之一”的意思，因此應(yīng)該選擇among（在之中）。2B 從該句的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上來看，此處需要一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞，代替slope，所以that是最佳選擇。選項(xiàng)A、C、D均不符合語(yǔ)法。3B 選項(xiàng)A不符合語(yǔ)法，C和D符合語(yǔ)法，但不符合常識(shí)：過度的雪的積壓可能導(dǎo)致雪崩，而不是必定導(dǎo)致雪崩。所以，B是最佳答案。4.C 該句的主語(yǔ)是Determining the critical load，從上下文來看應(yīng)該使用般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以C是正確答案。5C要確定本題答案的一個(gè)有效的方法是排除法。a low weigh/form work of avalanche都不合邏輯，只有a low risk of avalanche符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解釋了low risk of avalanche的道理，更證實(shí)了選risk是正確的。6.D 第6和第7題可以一起考慮。整個(gè)句子的意思是：在較陡峭的坡面上，雪不會(huì)大量堆積。在較為平坦的坡面，雪不會(huì)輕易滑動(dòng)。7.B （見6）8.B 理解了句子的意思就不難判斷選項(xiàng)：雪在靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下，角度在35 - 45度之間，最可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。between：在之間。9.C 這個(gè)句子說明的是什么樣的山坡最易發(fā)生雪崩，即，A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski。flat在此做“平坦”解，與后面的steep形成反義。10.A 句中的that is表明，后半部分是對(duì)前半部分的進(jìn)一步說明。所以，這里的選擇要根據(jù)下文的意思判斷。use是最佳選擇，整個(gè)句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多，雪崩就越可能發(fā)生。11.D 盡管選項(xiàng)A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，從全段的內(nèi)容判斷，只有process是最佳選擇，因?yàn)樵摱蚊鑼懙氖侨绾畏纻溲┍?，及如何做好安全措施等一系列問題。12.A 選項(xiàng)A、B、C都可以與weather搭配，但是根據(jù)上下文，只有A最為符合文章的內(nèi)容。13.B 選項(xiàng)A不符合句子的意思；C不能和risk搭配；D也不符合句子的意思，因?yàn)椴豢赡芡耆┍赖碾[患。14.C 該句主句使用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞是pay attention to的被動(dòng)形式。選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不符合句子的意思。15.A 該句是作者給出的一系列忠告之一，即，認(rèn)真觀察地形，注意明顯的雪崩路徑：沒有植物或植物被毀壞的地方。選項(xiàng)B、C、D均不符合句義。Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of _1_ so that customers heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London study _2_in a new study. Statins reduce the _3_of unhealthy LDL cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a persons heart attack _4_. In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology , Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is _5_to offset the increase in heart attack risk from _6_a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, who is the senior author of the study, said: Statins dont cut out all of the _7_ effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. Its better to avoid fatty food altogether. But weve worked out that in terms of your_8_of having a heart attack, taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same _9_ as a fast food meal increases it. ”Its ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they_10_, but statins,which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are _11_free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per _12_- not much different to sachet of sugar, Dr Francis said.When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, theyre encouraged to take _13_that lower their risk, like _14_ a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.Taking a statin is a rational way of _15_some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.詞匯：statin n降膽固醇藥物outlet/autlit/n銷售點(diǎn)cholesterol/ klestrul /n.膽固醇o(jì)ffset/ :fset /v抵消，補(bǔ)償cheeseburger/ ti:zb:g /n芝士漢堡包milkshake n奶昔condiment/ kndimnt /n調(diào)味品sachet/ sein小袋，小包rational/ rnl / adj.合理的注釋：1Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs:句中的could是一種委婉表達(dá)建議的用詞，意為“可以”。2Imperial College London:帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院。該學(xué)院于1907年由城市和行會(huì)學(xué)校、皇家礦業(yè)學(xué)校以及皇家科學(xué)學(xué)院合并組成。學(xué)院于2007年7月正式脫離倫敦大學(xué)成為一所獨(dú)立大學(xué)。提供本科和研究生教育，共有四個(gè)學(xué)院，工程學(xué)院、醫(yī)學(xué)院、自然科學(xué)院和生命科學(xué)院3LDL cholesterol:低密度脂蛋白膽固醇。LDL是low density lipoprotein（低密度脂蛋白）的縮寫形式。4a wealth of trial data:大量的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。a wealth of意為“大量的，許多”。5.American Journal of Cardiology:美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)雜志6French fries:炸薯?xiàng)l7It makes sense.：make sense意為“說得通，合情合理”。8a sachet of sugar:小袋糖?？觳偷暌话銈溆写?，供飲咖啡或熱奶的顧客免費(fèi)取用。練習(xí)：1.A change B charge C chain D chance2. A trust B decide C suggest D calculate3. A number B amount C volume D product4.A frequency B treatment C diagnosis D risk5.A severe B enough C weak D active 6.A buying B preparing C eating D cooking 7.A unhealthy B strong C different D doubtful 8.A examination B suffering C determination D possobility 9.A degree B dimension C angle . D range 10.A use B hate C reject .D like 11.A transported B provided C preserved D converted 12.A cook B patient C customer D visitor 13.A measures B care C advantages D turns 14.A buying B wearing C cleaning D changing 15.A increasing B finding C lowering D taking 答案與題解：1.B 本文介紹說，吃漢堡包等快餐食品容易引發(fā)心臟病，而服用statin能降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，一正一負(fù)正好抵消。statin價(jià)格便宜，文章建議快餐店像免費(fèi)供應(yīng)調(diào)味品那樣免費(fèi)供應(yīng)statin。free of charge是同定搭配，意為“免費(fèi)”。選擇charge是對(duì)的。2.C 本題要選suggest，因?yàn)槠渌齻€(gè)選項(xiàng)在意思上都不合適。此外，本句主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了could(provide)，委婉地含有“建議”的意思。所以suggest是個(gè)不二的選擇。3.B 與降低unhealthy“LDL”cholesterol搭配的一定是amount（量），而不可能是number（數(shù)字）、volume（體積）或product（乘積）。4.D 從上下文判斷，要降低( lower)的當(dāng)然是risk。lower frequency（降低頻率）、lower treatment（降低治療）或lower diagnosis（降低診斷）與上下文的意思都不匹配。5.B 本句表達(dá)的意思是：Dr Darrel Francis在他的論文中說，經(jīng)過計(jì)算，一粒statin降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)足以抵消吃一個(gè)奶酪漢堡包和喝一杯奶昔所增加的患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以本題的答案是enough。6.C 顧客不可能在快餐店里preparing cheeseburger或cooking cheeseburger，而buying cheeseburger不會(huì)增加心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以，只有eating cheeseburger才合乎上下文的意思。7.A 從上下文判斷，被cut out（去除）的effects一定是unhealthy effects，所以，unhealthy是本題的答案。8.D 本句中的in terms of意為“就而言”，要與后半句“一正一負(fù)相互抵消”的意思相匹配，所以只能是“就患心臟病的可能性而言”。possibility是答案。9.A 本句的意思與第五題的意思相同，即statin降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與快餐增加的心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在程度( degree)上大致相當(dāng)。如果選擇其他j個(gè)選項(xiàng)，意思變成了，“尺寸 (dimension)上、角度(angle)上或范圍(range)上大致相當(dāng)”，就說不通了。10.D 填詞所在的句子的意思告訴我們，具有諷刺意味的一點(diǎn)是：顧客可以隨心所欲地免費(fèi)享用不健康的調(diào)味品。as one likes是固定用法，意為“隨某人所愿，隨某人所喜歡”。like是答案。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)用在本句中都不合適。11.B transported（運(yùn)輸）、preserved（保存）或converted（轉(zhuǎn)換）填人句子中，意思都不順。只有填人provided（提供）符合句意。provided是答案。12.C 到快餐店去就餐的人當(dāng)然是customer。13.A 為了降低開車和吸煙的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，人們被鼓勵(lì)要采取一些安全措施。作者借此說明為了降低食肘陜餐的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們也要采取措施。根據(jù)這層意思，選擇measures是正確的。take measure的意思是“采取措施”。其他_j=個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不合適：take care是“注意，小心”，take advantage是“利用”，take tums是“輪流，依次”。14.B 本題很明顯要選wearing，因?yàn)樯舷挛牡囊馑际恰跋瞪习踩珟А薄uying a seabelt，cleaning a seatbelt和changing a seatbelt都與上下文的意思相去太遠(yuǎn)。15.C 通篇文章都存闡述statin能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以，lowering（降低）是答案。第6部分：完形填空（第5165題，每題1分，共15分） 下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are _1_ the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope _2_supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is _3_to cause an avalanche. _4_ a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low_5_ of avalanche. Snow does not_6_ significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not_7_ easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snows angle of rest is_8_ 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is: A slope that is_9_ enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche,regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with_10_; that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the. more likely it is that an avalanche will occur. Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe.Good avalanche safety is a continuous_11_, including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather_12_, and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also_13_ the risk.If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports,they should be considered and and all warnings should be paid _14_ to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have charged since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are _15_ or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.詞匯：avalanche / vl:nt/n.雪崩snowpack / snupk/n積雪場(chǎng)terrain / terein /n.地形，地勢(shì)steep /sti:p/ adj，險(xiǎn)峻的，陡峭的trigger / trig /n.引起，激發(fā)incidence / insidns /n.，發(fā)生（率）ski /ski:/v滑雪complexity / kmpleksiti /n復(fù)雜性注釋：1angle of rest：這里指積雪保持靜止的角度。2. rule of thumb：指“a broadly accurate principle, based on experience or practice rather than theory”，即“通用法則，經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則”。3Additionallv：是一個(gè)副詞，用來引入新的事實(shí)或論點(diǎn)，意為“此外”。4backcountry：人煙稀少的地區(qū)練習(xí)：1. A among B of C to D in2. A when B that C who D whose3. A mostly B likely C clearly D surely4. A are B will be C is D was5. A weight B form C risk D work6. A fall B flow C roll D gather7.A fall B flow C roll D gather8.A among B between C with D for9.A thick B thin C flat D rocky10.A use B time C snow D rain11.A journey B trip C fact D process12.A conditions B reports C forecast D event13.A increase B reduce C improve D remove14.A price B effort C attention D money15.A missing B grown C big D fresh答案與題解：1A 表達(dá)“雪