口譯實(shí)訓(xùn)附二.doc

An Experience of Aesthetics審美的體驗(yàn)climbed the heights above Yosemite Valley, California in order to see the splendid granite mountain, Half Dome, in its fullest view. Approaching the edge through the woods I was filled with heightened expectation. I saw the ruin of a cabin and my approach caused the alignment of the chimney on this side of the valley with the shorn mountain across the valley. I stopped. Something happened. The stone verticals corresponded, one human-shaped, the other natural. The human site was still engaged in sightseeing. I was on its side. I saw the famous sight through the eyes of the ruin. I had come expecting beauty. I discovered an unexpected dimension to the beauty of the scene/seen.為了飽覽壯麗的花崗巖山峰半穹頂?shù)娜?，我登上了加州約塞蒂谷的高地。穿過(guò)樹(shù)林，走近山沿，心中充滿美的期盼。遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望見(jiàn)一處小屋的廢墟，走到近前，只見(jiàn)山谷這邊的煙囪與橫穿山谷的陡峭山崖恰好連成-線。我停下腳步，奇觀出現(xiàn)了：兩道石壁遙相呼，一-邊人工打造，一邊渾然天成。人造景觀這邊仍供觀光游覽，我此時(shí)就身臨其境。透過(guò)小屋的廢墟，我看到了著名的景觀。我懷著對(duì)美的期盼而來(lái)，不經(jīng)意問(wèn)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)了美的另一番天地。In this experience I had been seeking the aesthetic. I knew I would find it, for I had seen post cards in advance and was following the trail map. The seeking took considerable effort and time. It was a heavy investment. I was not going for the scientific purpose of studying rock formation, nor was it for the recreational purpose of exercising my limbs in the fresh air, though that exertion added intensity to the experience and was its context. Primarily, I was going for the scenic wonders. No wonder that I would take delight in seeing Half Dome. The expectation elicited the outcome. I was suitably prepared. No distractions of practical consideration-or theoretic-detracted from my concentrated expectancy. Indeed, the world all around me on the climb contributed to the context for my goal. I was on the terrain of Nature in a national park, following the trail to a viewpoint upon a celebrated natural formation. Each step in the climb not only brought me closer but obliged me to sense the altitude. Moving through the thick woods was in anticipatory contrast to the great gap of the valley and the starkness of the treeless granite boulder.這次旅程，我一直在捕捉-種美感。我知道會(huì)如愿以償，因?yàn)槲沂孪瓤催^(guò)-些有關(guān)風(fēng)景明信片，循著山路示意圖-路找來(lái)。這樣的尋找費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)費(fèi)力，投入頗大。我此行的目的既不是出于對(duì)科學(xué)的動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)研究巖石的結(jié)構(gòu)，也不是出于娛樂(lè)消遣的考慮在清新的空氣中舒展肢體盡管這次跋涉加深了我對(duì)美的體驗(yàn)，而且是這番體驗(yàn)的不可或缺的環(huán)節(jié)。我來(lái)這主要是為了覽勝，因此見(jiàn)到半穹頂自然欣喜不已。有什么樣的期盼就有什么樣的結(jié)果。我有備而來(lái)，心無(wú)旁騖，-心期盼著美景，不受任何實(shí)際或假設(shè)因素的干擾。真的，在攀登過(guò)程中，我周圍的一切都為尋美營(yíng)造了氛圍。我登上了國(guó)家公園的天然山地，循著山道前來(lái)觀賞聞名遐邇的大自然鬼斧神工。攀登中的每一步不僅使我距目標(biāo)越來(lái)越近，也使我感受到海拔越來(lái)越高。不出所料，穿行在茂密的樹(shù)木中，登上大峽谷寸草不生的花崗巖巨石，兩種不同境界給人以強(qiáng)烈的反差。My spirit and my senses were heightened. I was keenly aware of the world, eager to experience it. My senses were willing to be gratified by their fullest exercise. Hence my eye was sharp, but so was my ear and my nose, I was open to experiencing aesthetically. And on the way I did take minor pleasure in a bird s song, a tree s sway, and a cloud s contortion. I was in the world considered as potential aesthetic realm. Any pleasing feature that appeared would be welcomed. And that welcoming mode drew forth pleasing features. A tonic subjective at-homeness with the world pervaded my feelings. I was in the right mood to enjoy Nature.我精神抖擻，感官敏銳。我真切地感受到周圍的一切，急于體驗(yàn)這一切，渴望在最充分的感官體驗(yàn)中得到最大滿足。因此我不但目光敏銳，聽(tīng)覺(jué)和嗅覺(jué)也十分靈敏-我敞開(kāi)心扉，盡情地體驗(yàn)著美的滋味。沿途所見(jiàn)所聞，哪怕是一點(diǎn)小小的愉悅，鳥(niǎo)雀鳴唱、樹(shù)影婆娑、云卷云舒，都著實(shí)讓我動(dòng)情。置身于這樣一個(gè)處處蘊(yùn)含著美的王國(guó)，我隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備接納任何不期而至的景色。這樣一種心態(tài)更促生了令人賞心悅目的景致，一種心曠神怡的回歸自然之情在我心中油然而生。這樣一種心情最適于欣賞自然美景不過(guò)了。Then the unexpected happened. I had no thought in reaching the natural heights that a human structure would be present. Normally, I would have avoided any such structure as I directed my steps toward the natural view. In retrospect it makes sense that a service building be present at the trail end. It may have had facilities for visitors and played an interpretive role. But the building was not present when I arrived. It was absent though its ruin was present. And that ruin spoke to my experience as related to what I had come to see. If I had been trudging on in a dulled state, passing the time in surroundings-like those of the railway station-that did not draw interest, I might well have missed the chimney, walked past it as if it were another tree on the way to the goal. The heightened intensity of my sensibility allowed the chimney to be integrated into the experiencing aesthetically. Readiness was all. The extraterrestrial aesthetician would explain that the creature it was observing on the trail was a specimen of an aesthetic being whose experiencing apparatus for the aesthetic was on full alert. The individual was completely given over to the enjoyment of its experience. And while headed in the direction of an anticipated goal it was nonetheless open to enjoying anything that came its way. Something quite unexpected came its way, and it was ready to attend to it, getting the maximum aesthetic value out of the encounter. The creature was embarked on an adventure in experience. Given the wide range of accessible natural wonders in the national park, the individual in the fight mood was bound to make gratifying discoveries.接著，出乎意料的景觀出現(xiàn)了。我怎么也不曾想到，在抵達(dá)天然高地時(shí)竟然會(huì)出現(xiàn)一處人工建筑。在通常情況下，我要是徒步參觀某處自然景點(diǎn)，一定會(huì)繞開(kāi)這類建筑?；叵肫饋?lái)，在山路盡頭有一座服務(wù)性建筑也全在情理之中。這小屋也許曾為游客提供過(guò)方便，起過(guò)導(dǎo)游講解作用?？晌襾?lái)到高地時(shí)，小屋不見(jiàn)了。雖有斷垣殘壁，房屋卻蕩然無(wú)存。而正是這片廢墟使我體驗(yàn)到此行覽勝的真正含義。如果我當(dāng)時(shí)興致索然地一路跋涉，比如像在火車站那樣的地方消磨時(shí)光，周圍的事物一點(diǎn)也不引人注意，那么我很可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)煙囪，只當(dāng)它是沿途路過(guò)的又一棵樹(shù)罷了。而現(xiàn)在，我的感悟力增強(qiáng)了，煙囪作為一道景觀融入了審美體驗(yàn)的始終。一切取決于心態(tài)。如果一個(gè)天外美學(xué)家看到我這模樣，可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，它觀察到的路上這個(gè)怪人準(zhǔn)是個(gè)充滿審美細(xì)胞的動(dòng)物，其審美感官正處于極度警覺(jué)的狀態(tài)。他已完全沉浸在審美體驗(yàn)所帶來(lái)的愉悅之中。他朝著既定的目標(biāo)行進(jìn)，同時(shí)又不放過(guò)闖入視野的任何景致。奇現(xiàn)乍現(xiàn)，立即映入眼簾，他便從中發(fā)掘出最大的審美價(jià)值。此人正在經(jīng)歷-次美的歷險(xiǎn)。有國(guó)家公園這般天地，隨處可見(jiàn)自然奇現(xiàn)，心境舒暢的游人必定會(huì)獲得心滿意足的發(fā)現(xiàn)。What are the contents of the aesthetic discovery? Formal properties of beauty may be pointed to in what I saw: the verticals as distinctively shaped and gathering space about them, and the interplay between the two kinds of vertical shapes over the enormous intervening space. The pleasure of perspective entered, for though the chimney is miniscule compared to Half Dome, my approaching it from the trail made it assume visual and spatial dignity equal to the mountain. Complexity of human meaning is encountered with poignant irony. The chimney is an enduring marker of the human value placed on the mountain visible from this point. Here human hands raised stones to shelter an experienc