新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)book2-unit5教案.doc

新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教案 Book TwoUnit 2 The world at warActive reading (1) Catch-22Teaching ObjectivesStudents will be able to: Predicting Identifying features of a formal writing style through reading Organising Students oral discussion by showing them how to present information and opinions Analysing trends by using patterns observed and researchedTeaching allotment (1 period = 2 hours)1st period: Pre-reading; While-reading (text structure; cultural notes; language points)2nd period: While-reading (language points; grammatical structures)3rd period: Check on students home reading (Passage 2); Background InformationJoseph Heller（1923-1999）：an American novelist from New York, best known for his 1961 novel Catch-22, an anti-war satire based on the authors own millitary experience. Hellers other novels include: Something Happened出了毛?。?974）, Good as Gold像高爾德一樣好（1979）, God Knows(1984) , Picture This(1988), and a sequel to Catch-22, Closing Time(1994).約瑟夫海勒（19231999）美國(guó)黑色幽默派及荒誕派代表作家，出生于紐約市布魯克林一個(gè)俄裔猶太人家庭。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間曾任空軍中尉。戰(zhàn)后進(jìn)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，1948年畢業(yè)于紐約大學(xué)，獲文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。1949年在哥倫比亞大學(xué)獲文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位后，得到富布賴特研究基金赴英國(guó)牛津大學(xué)深造一年。1950到1952年在賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)等校任教。此后即離開(kāi)學(xué)校，到時(shí)代和展望等雜志編輯部任職。1961年，長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)第二十二條軍規(guī)問(wèn)世，一舉成名，當(dāng)年即放棄職務(wù)，專門(mén)從事寫(xiě)作。 海勒的小說(shuō)取材于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，通過(guò)藝術(shù)的哈哈鏡和放大鏡，反映了美國(guó)社會(huì)生活的若干側(cè)面，具有一定的認(rèn)識(shí)價(jià)值和審美價(jià)值。當(dāng)然，他的作品也帶有黑色幽默派文學(xué)的一些通病，如對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)流露出無(wú)可奈何的心情等。Catch-22第二十二條軍規(guī) Catch-22 is a rule which says that anyone rational enough to want to be grounded cannot be insane and is therefore capable of returning to flight duty. A “catch-22” situation has become a general phrase to describe a difficult situation from which there is no escape because you need to do one thing before doing a second, and you cannot do the second thing before doing the first.可譯為：“第二十二條軍規(guī)；左右為難；無(wú)法擺脫的困境”，指悖論式的進(jìn)退維谷的局面或叫人左右為難的情況。同類例句：1.如果你不創(chuàng)收，沒(méi)人能養(yǎng)活你；如果你能創(chuàng)收，下了崗也餓不著你。所以你不下崗誰(shuí)下崗？某領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)下崗人員如是說(shuō)。 2.“本商場(chǎng)擁有本次活動(dòng)的最終解釋權(quán)”。 軍規(guī)內(nèi)容根據(jù)第二十二條軍規(guī)，只有瘋子才能獲準(zhǔn)免于飛行，但必須由本人提出申請(qǐng)，但你一旦提出申請(qǐng)，恰好證明了你是一個(gè)正常人，還是在劫難逃。第二十二條軍規(guī)還規(guī)定，飛行員飛滿25架次就能回國(guó)，但它又說(shuō)，你必須絕對(duì)服從命令，要不就不能回國(guó)。因此上級(jí)可以不斷給飛行員增加飛行次數(shù)，而你不得違抗。如此反復(fù)，永無(wú)休止。第二十二條軍規(guī)內(nèi)容提要第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)的一個(gè)飛行大隊(duì)駐扎在地中海的“皮亞諾扎”島上。這是個(gè)光怪陸離的“世界”。大隊(duì)指揮官卡思卡特上校一心想當(dāng)將軍，為了要達(dá)到自己的目的，千方百計(jì)博取上級(jí)的歡心。他一次次任意增加部下的轟炸飛行任務(wù)，意欲用部下的生命來(lái)?yè)Q取自己的升遷。這支部隊(duì)里還有兩個(gè)“出類拔萃”的人物。一個(gè)是一本正經(jīng)而野心勃勃的謝司科普夫少尉。他畢業(yè)于預(yù)備軍官訓(xùn)練隊(duì)，大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)他頗為高興，因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)使他有機(jī)會(huì)可以每天穿上軍官制服，用清脆、威嚴(yán)的嗓音對(duì)那些就要去送死的小伙子大喊口令，而他自己由于視力不佳，且有瘺管病，所以沒(méi)有上前線的機(jī)會(huì)。他為了邀寵上級(jí)，飛黃騰達(dá)，就發(fā)瘋似地專心訓(xùn)練自己的中隊(duì)，求得在檢閱中獲勝。由于他研究出不揮動(dòng)雙手的行進(jìn)隊(duì)列，被人稱為“名不虛傳的軍事天才人物”，從此迅速步步高升，最后當(dāng)上了中將司令官。另一個(gè)是食堂管理員米洛，他貌似“忠厚老實(shí)”，可是賺錢有術(shù)，以伙食采購(gòu)為名，大搞投機(jī)倒把，辦起了一個(gè)跨國(guó)公司。他用大批飛機(jī)走私，甚至還雇用敵人的飛機(jī)為公司運(yùn)輸，向敵人承包保衛(wèi)橋梁等等。后來(lái)居然成為國(guó)際知名人物，當(dāng)上歐洲不少城市的市長(zhǎng)和馬耳他的副總督。 本書(shū)主人公約賽連就生活在這個(gè)繞著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)怪物旋轉(zhuǎn)的光怪陸離的世界里。他是這個(gè)飛行大隊(duì)所屬的一個(gè)中隊(duì)的上尉轟炸手。他滿懷拯救正義的熱忱投入戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，立下戰(zhàn)功，被提升為上尉。然而慢慢地，他在和周圍兇險(xiǎn)環(huán)境的沖突中，親眼目睹了那種種虛妄、荒誕、瘋狂、殘酷的現(xiàn)象后，領(lǐng)悟到自己是受騙了。他變嚴(yán)肅誠(chéng)摯為玩世不恭，從熱愛(ài)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)變?yōu)閰拹簯?zhàn)爭(zhēng)。他不想升官發(fā)財(cái)，也不愿無(wú)謂犧牲，他只希望活著回家?？吹酵閭円慌廊?，內(nèi)心感到十分恐懼，又害怕周圍的人暗算他，置他于死地。他反復(fù)訴說(shuō)“他們每個(gè)人都想殺害我”。他渴望保住自己的生命，決心要逃離這個(gè)“世界”。于是他裝病，想在醫(yī)院里度過(guò)余下的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)歲月，但是未能如愿。根據(jù)第二十二條軍規(guī)，瘋子才能獲準(zhǔn)免于飛行，但必須由本人提出申請(qǐng)；同時(shí)又規(guī)定，凡能意識(shí)到飛行有危險(xiǎn)而提出免飛申請(qǐng)的，屬頭腦清醒者，應(yīng)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行飛行任務(wù)。第二十二條軍規(guī)還規(guī)定，飛行員飛滿上級(jí)規(guī)定的次數(shù)就能回國(guó)，但它又說(shuō)，你必須絕對(duì)服從命令，要不就不準(zhǔn)回國(guó)。因此上級(jí)可以不斷給飛行員增加飛行次數(shù)，而你不得違抗。如此反復(fù)，永無(wú)休止。最后，約賽連終于明白了，第二十二條軍規(guī)原來(lái)是個(gè)騙局，是個(gè)圈套，是個(gè)無(wú)法逾越的障礙。這個(gè)世界到處都由第二十二條軍規(guī)統(tǒng)治著，就像天羅地網(wǎng)一樣，令你無(wú)法擺脫。他認(rèn)為世人正在利用所謂“正義行為”來(lái)為自己巧取豪奪。最后，他不得不開(kāi)小差逃往瑞典。約瑟夫海勒1961年的同名小說(shuō)，該書(shū)的主人公為了逃避危險(xiǎn)的作戰(zhàn)任務(wù)而裝瘋，可是逃避的愿望本身又證明了他的神志清醒Warming- up Questions1. What do you expect to read about in a novel against war?2. What do you not expect to read about?3. Should a novel about war make you laugh?4. What do you expect to be the main idea?Possible answers:1. in a war novel:descriptions of battles which show heroismin an anti-war novel:stories of tragic and necessary deaths2. romantic,funny things3. no, because a war novel is serious4. tragedy, homeless kids, seperated families, etc.Teaching proceduresWhile-reading TaskCheck () the true statements. 1 Dr Daneeka agrees that Yossarian is crazy. 2 There is a rule that anyone who is crazy must be grounded. 3 Yossarian tells the doctor that other people will say hes crazy. 4 Dr Daneeka decides to check if Yossarian is crazy by asking other people. 5 Dr Daneeka has the power to ground people. 6 If people want to be grounded they must ask Dr Daneeka first. 7 Dr Daneeka thinks that anyone who wants to fly must be crazy.Language points1. military a. relating to armies or armed forces and the way in which they are organized 軍隊(duì)的；軍事的e.g.1. The national government is prepared to use military force to achieve its aims. 中央政府準(zhǔn)備使用武力來(lái)達(dá)成目的。2. The government has threatened to take military action if the rebels do not withdraw from the area. 政府威脅如果叛軍不從該地區(qū)撤離，就將采取軍事 措施。2. reveal vt. let sth. become known, for example a secret or information that was previously not known 揭示；揭露；透露e.g.1. He never revealed his identity. 他從未暴露過(guò)自己的身份。2. He revealed that he and his children had received death threats. 他透露說(shuō)他和孩子們受到了死亡恐嚇。3. The survey revealed that many consumers were aware of the risks involved. 調(diào)查顯示許多消費(fèi)者意識(shí)到有關(guān)的危險(xiǎn)。3.bloodshed n. U a situation in which people are killed or injured, especially during fighting （尤指作戰(zhàn)中的）殺戮；流血e.g.1. The battlefield was a scene of appalling bloodshed. 戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上一片恐怖的屠殺景象。2. This election result could lead to further bloodshed. 這次選舉結(jié)果有可能導(dǎo)致進(jìn)一步的流血事件。4. heroic a.1) relating to a hero （關(guān)于）英雄的；2) very brave and deserving admiration 英勇的；勇敢地e.g.1. The writer portrayed him as a heroic figure. 作家把他描述為一個(gè)英雄人物。2. She is known for heroic efforts to save her family. 人們都知道她為拯救全家所作的英勇行為。Word family:hero / heroine n. 5. commander n. C an officer who is in charge of a military group or operation 指揮官；司令官e.g. All the commanders gathered at the headquarters. 所有的指揮官都集合在司令部。Word family: command n.& v.e.g. 1. The ship is under the command of Captain Blake. 這艘船由布萊克船長(zhǎng)指揮。2. He commanded his men to retreat. 他命令自己的人撤退。6. primarily ad. mainly 主要地e.g.1. The advertisement is aimed primarily at children. 這則廣告的對(duì)象主要是兒童。2. around 80 per cent of personal computers are used primarily for word processing. 約80%的個(gè)人電腦主要用于文字處理。Word family: primary a.e.g. The primary cause of Toms failure is his laziness. 湯姆失敗的根本原因是懶惰。7. comic a. 1) funny 滑稽的；好笑的e.g. The song provides some comic relief from the intensity of the scene. 這首歌給這個(gè)緊張的場(chǎng)面增添了輕松的氣氛。2) relating to comedy 喜劇的e.g.1. Shakespeare created many comic characters. 莎士比亞塑造了許多喜劇人物。2. The ending of the play is comic. 此劇的結(jié)局是喜劇性的。 Word family: comedy n. Antonym: tragic 8. airman n. C a man in a countrys air force, especially one of low rank in the US or UK air force （尤指美國(guó)或英國(guó)的）空軍士兵e.g.1. He had proved himself a most daring airman. 他已證明自己是個(gè)極其勇敢的飛行員。2. The airman boldly jumped from the plane with his parachute. 飛行員帶著降落傘勇敢地跳下飛機(jī)。 9. insane a.1) suffering from very severe mental illness so that you cannot be considered legally responsible for your actions 精神錯(cuò)亂的；精神病的；2) (infml.) very stupid or crazy, especially in a way that is likely to cause serious problems, harm, or injury （尤指可能造成嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題和傷害而）瘋狂的；愚蠢的e.g.1. Insane people are sometimes dangerous. 精神病人有時(shí)非常危險(xiǎn)。2. Thats an insane risk. 那是瘋狂的冒險(xiǎn)之舉。Antonym: sane a.10. mission n.1) C a military operation, especially one by aircraft軍事行動(dòng)；（尤指）飛行任務(wù)；2) C an important piece of work that a person or group of people has to do for a government or large organization, especially one that involves travel 使命；任務(wù)e.g.1. He was sent on over 200 missions before being killed in action. 陣亡之前他奉命執(zhí)行過(guò)200多次軍事任務(wù)。2. Her mission was to improve staff morale. 她的任務(wù)是鼓舞員工的士氣。 11. plead vi. ask for sth. in an urgent or emotional way 懇求；請(qǐng)求；央求e.g. 1. “Dont go!” Robert pleaded. “別走！” 羅伯特央求道。2. The organization pleaded for government help. 這間公司向政府請(qǐng)求援助。3. Moira pleaded with him to stay. 莫伊拉請(qǐng)求他留下。4. She pleaded with them not to gag the boy. 她懇求他們別塞住那個(gè)男孩的嘴12. ground vt. stop a plane from leaving the ground, or stop people from flying somewhere 使停飛e.g. 1. All planes are grounded until the fog clears. 所有的飛機(jī)都停飛了，直到霧散為止。2. A hydrogen leak forced NASA to ground the space shuttle. 因氫氣泄漏，NASA被迫停飛這架航天飛機(jī)。13. snicker vi. (AmE.) laugh quietly, especially at sth. that is rude or at sth. unpleasant that has happened to someone（美）暗笑；竊笑e.g.1. The other students snickered at Steve. 其他學(xué)生都偷偷地笑史蒂夫。2. Smile, giggle, snicker, or chuckle! Smiling releases your tension and gives your mood a lift. 微笑、咯咯笑、偷笑，或者輕聲笑吧！笑聲可以釋放你的緊張，提升你的情緒。 14. immerse vi. 1) put sth. in a liquid 浸；泡e.g. Immerse your foot in ice cold water to reduce the swelling. 把你的腳泡在冰涼的水中消消腫。2) involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest 沉浸于某事物；專心于某事物e.g. 1. She was far too immersed in her studies. 她太專注于學(xué)習(xí)了。2. He immersed himself in work so as to stop thinking about her. 他埋頭于工作以便不再思念她。15. wrestle n. U the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat 摔跤；角力e.g. How come Arthur won the wrestle today? 奇怪，為什么今天亞瑟摔跤贏了呢？ 16. soberly ad. in a grave manner 嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地；審慎地e.g.1. He walked soberly toward the altar. 他神情嚴(yán)肅地走向祭壇。2. We must soberly consider these questions now. 我們現(xiàn)在要認(rèn)真地考慮這些問(wèn)題。3. She will soberly think about their relationship. 她會(huì)審慎地考慮他們的關(guān)系。Word family: sober a. 17. combat 1) n. U fighting during a war 戰(zhàn)斗e.g. General Gierson was killed in combat. 吉爾森將軍陣亡了。2) v. take action to reduce, destroy, or prevent (sth. bad or undesirable) 與戰(zhàn)斗，與斗爭(zhēng) e.g. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of _ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments. (CET4-2003-12-57) A) regulatingB) halting C) interrupting D) combating 這所大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)研究中心來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)新的方法，對(duì)抗已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了抗藥性細(xì)菌。18. specify vt. explain something in an exact and detailed way 詳述；具體說(shuō)明；指明 e.g.1. He didnt specify the matters. 他并沒(méi)有詳細(xì)說(shuō)明是什么事。2. The details were specified on Page 35. 具體方法詳見(jiàn)（說(shuō)明書(shū)）第35頁(yè)。3.The fund was specified to maintain the ancient buildings. 該項(xiàng)基金被指定為專門(mén)從事維修古建筑而使用。19. immediate a. existing now and needing urgent action 緊急的；緊迫的e.g.1. Lets try and solve the most immediate problem. 讓我們盡力解決最迫切的問(wèn)題吧。2. There is an immediate danger of war. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)迫在眉睫。Word family: immediately ad.20. sane a. someone who is sane is able to think and speak in a reasonable way and to behave normally 神智正常的；心智健全的e.g.1. He seems perfectly sane to me. 在我看來(lái)他心智健全。2. No sane person would want to kill a baby. 神智正常的人不會(huì)去殺一個(gè)嬰兒。Antonym: insane a.21. deeply ad. very or very much 強(qiáng)烈地；深刻地；深入地e.g.1. Her lies hurt her father deeply. 她的謊言強(qiáng)烈地傷害了她的父親。2. Teachers are deeply divided on this issue. 老師們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上分歧很大。Word family: deep a. deepen v. depth n. 22. clause n. C (legal) a part of a legal document or law that officially states that sth. must be done（法律文件的）條款e.g.1. A confidentiality clause was added to the contract. 合同加了一條保密條款。2. Do you have any comment on this clause? 對(duì)這一條款你有什么意見(jiàn)嗎？23. respectful a. feeling or showing respect表示尊敬的；恭敬的e.g.1. They listened in respectful silence. 他們一聲不吭，都很恭敬地聽(tīng)著。2. He was always respectful of my independence. 他一向尊重我的獨(dú)立。Cf: respectable a. 值得尊敬的e.g. Who is the most respectable economist in China?誰(shuí)是中國(guó)最值得尊敬的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家？ 24. then and there: immediately at that moment and in that place 當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)?；?dāng)即；當(dāng)場(chǎng)e.g.1. I loved you right then and there. 我就在彼時(shí)彼刻，愛(ài)上你了。2. He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there. 他當(dāng)場(chǎng)表演了這種新的操作方法。Difficult sentences 1. Catch-22 is a rule which says that anyone rational enough to want to be grounded cannot be insane and is therefore capable of returning to flight duty. A “catch-22” situation has become a general phrase to describe a difficult situation from which there is no escape because you need to do one thing before doing a second, and you cannot do the second thing before doing the first(“a double bind”see Activity 9-3). 第二十二條軍規(guī)；左右為難；無(wú)法擺脫的困境Catch-22是第二十二條軍規(guī)的意思?！叭绻隳茏C明自己發(fā)瘋，那就說(shuō)明你沒(méi)瘋”。當(dāng)代美語(yǔ)中，Catch-22已作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的單詞，使用頻率極高，用來(lái)形容任何自相矛盾、不合邏輯的規(guī)定或條件所造成的無(wú)法擺脫的困境、難以逾越的障礙，表示人們處于左右為難的境地，或者是一件事陷入了死循環(huán)，或者跌進(jìn)邏輯陷阱，等等。 2. a horrible jokehorrible: (infml.) very bad or unpleasant; used to describe sth. that you do not likeNow translate the following into Chinese:1. horrible weather/children/shoes 2. The coffee tasted horrible. 3. Ive got a horrible feeling she lied to us.3. to be grounded not to be allowed to fly because you are sick or because you are being punished4. Indian wrestle It is a form of wrestling in which two opponents, lying side by side on their backs and in opposite directions, lock near arms and raise and lock corresponding legs, with each attempting to force the others leg down until one opponent is unable to remain lying flat.5. a close call A close call is a situation in which you only just manage to avoid an accident or serious event, such as a brush with death.6. get out of something avoid doing something that you should do or said you would do7. There was only one catch and that was Catch 22 It was a difficult situation that you cannot solve because you need to do one thing in order to do a second thing, but you cannot do the second thing until you have done the first. 只有一個(gè)詭局，那就是第二十二條軍規(guī)。8. let out a respectful whistleYossarian makes a whistling noise by forcing air through his mouth to show that he is impressed by the catch: Thats some catch, (note the informal use of some) expresses an opinion about catch-22, that it is large or impressive.(不由得)充滿敬意地吹起了口哨。Active reading (2) The story of Anne Franks DiaryWarming-up Questions1. Why do people write diaries?2. What do they usually write about?3. Who usually reads them?Culture pointsAnnelies(Anne) Marie Frank (1929-1945) was born in Frankfurt, Germany; in 1933 her family moved to Armsterdam, Holland ; from 1942 to 1944 they hid in a secret annexe with foer other Jews, helped by friends who brought them food.Her family were betrayed to the Germans and taken to a concentration camp, where Anne died a few days after the death of her older sister one of 1.2 million Jewish children who died in the Holocaust.The Diariy of Anne Frank: Anne always wanted to be a writer. She started the diary after her 13th birthday and continued writing for two years. The diary documents her experience of hiding during the Nazi occupation of Holland. When Anne heard that a member of the Dutch government was encouraging the creation of publication later: This means there are two versions, the original and an edited version.The Holocaust is the name given to the prganized killing of six mollion Jews and other people by the German Nazi government during the Second World War in concentration camps.A concentration camp was a place where ordinary people were kept as prisoners in terrible conditions during the Second World War by the German Nazi government.Language points 1. underwear n. U clothing that you wear next to your skin under your other clothes 內(nèi)衣e.g. 1. You just need to take a change of underwear. 你只需帶一套換洗的內(nèi)衣。2. They left off their woollen underwear when the weather got warm. 天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖的時(shí)候，他們不再穿羊毛內(nèi)衣。2. underwear n. U clothing that you wear next to your skin under your other clothes 內(nèi)衣e.g. 1. You just need to take a change of underwear. 你只需帶一套換洗的內(nèi)衣。2. They left off their woollen underwear when the weather got warm. 天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖的時(shí)候，他們不再穿羊毛內(nèi)衣。 3. yogurt n. C, U a food made from milk that has become thick and slightly sour, sometimes with fruit added to it 酸乳，酸奶e.g.1. a pot of strawberry yogurt 一罐草莓酸奶2. I prefer to have fat-free yogurt. 我還是吃脫脂酸奶吧4. annexe n. C a building that is added to a larger building or built next to it 添加的建筑物；附屬建筑物e.g. Some of us will be sleeping in the annexe. 我們當(dāng)中有些人要睡在增建的屋子的。5. refugee n. C someone who leaves their country, especially during a war or other threatening event （尤指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的）難民；避難者e.g. Refugees were streaming across the border. 難民川流不息地涌過(guò)邊境。Word family: refuge v. & n. e.g. Residents took refuge from the bombing in the local church. 居民們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)亟烫枚惚苻Z炸。6. emigrate vi. leave your country in order to live in another country 移居外國(guó)e.g.1. She emigrated to Australia as a young man. 她年輕時(shí)就移居澳大利亞。2. In the present difficult conditions, many people are emigrating from Britain. 在目前的困難時(shí)期，很多人正離開(kāi)英國(guó)，移居國(guó)外。Word family: emigration n. Antonym: immigrate v. 移居入境7. Nazi a. & n. 1) a. of the National Socialist Party of Adolf Hiltler which controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945 納粹黨的；國(guó)社黨的e.g. The Allies finally smashed the Nazi war machine. 同盟國(guó)最終粉碎了納粹的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)器。2) n. C someone who belonged to the Nazi Party, which was established and led by Adolf Hitler between 1933 and 1945 （德國(guó)）納粹分子，國(guó)社黨黨員e.g. Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp. 納粹把那些戰(zhàn)犯關(guān)在他們的集中營(yíng)里。8. invade vt. take or send an army into another country in order to get control of it 武力入侵；侵占；侵略e.g.1. The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago. 2000年前古羅馬人入侵英國(guó)。2. What if aliens should invade the earth? 如果有外星人侵襲地球應(yīng)怎么辦？Word family: invasion n. invasive a. invader n. 9. conceal vt. 1) (fml) hide something so that it cannot be found 藏；隱藏e.g. Customs officers found the cannabis concealed inside the case. 海關(guān)官員發(fā)現(xiàn)了藏在手提箱里的大麻。2) not tell someone about something, especially because you are ashamed of it or worried about it 掩蓋e.g. Dont try to conceal anything from me! 什么事都別想瞞我！Word family: concealment n. 10. confine vt. 1) (always passive) if something is confined to one area or group of people, it happens only in that area or affects only that group of people （被動(dòng)）使局限于e.g.1. Your boating will mostly be confined