高中英語語法倒裝總結(jié)全.doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除倒 裝 句倒裝的兩種考法：1. 放在單項選擇題中，考查考生的倒裝語法知識是否熟練掌握；2. 放在完形填空和閱讀理解中，設(shè)置理解障礙。倒裝的兩種形式：1. 完全倒裝： 將整個謂語動詞提到主語前。2. 部分倒裝：即半倒裝，將謂語的一部分即助動詞提到主語前。一、完全倒裝1】表方位的副詞here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off, over, back等標(biāo)志詞放在句首，句子用完全倒裝。【翻譯句子】 (1)車來了。 Here comes the bus.(2)鈴響了。 There goes the bell. (3)孩子們沖出來了。 Out rushed the children. (4)那個男孩離開了。 Away went the boy.【疑難】Here it is. In she came. Away he went. 【疑難剖析】當(dāng)主語是人稱代詞時，主謂語序不變。2】地點狀語放在句首且謂語動詞為come, live, lie, go, sit, stand等時用完全倒裝?！就瓿衫洹?(5)河的南面有一家小工廠。In south of the river lies a small factory. (6)山谷里傳來一聲喊叫。From the valley came a cry.3】 such, the following等放句首時，句子要完全倒裝。【翻譯句子】(7)Such are the facts. 情況就是如此。(8)生活就是這樣。 Such is life.(9)The following is the answer to the question. 這個問題的答案如下。4】There lie / exist / stand / live 主語是there be 句型的變式【翻譯句子】(10)山頂上有一幢高樓。There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.(11)山頂上聳立著一座古塔。There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.5】“表語系動詞主語”的結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠溆^察】Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. 出席晚會的有格林先生，還有一些別的賓客。Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年輕人?！咀⒁狻看藭r，主語較長，可還原為正常語序即：主系動詞表語。 二、部分倒裝將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、be提到主語前。 (通?？梢赃€原為正常的語序，并以此檢驗倒裝句是否正確。)1】含有否定意義的副詞或短語如：few, little, never, not, nowhere, rarely, seldom, at no time, by no means, in no case等放在句首時，需用部分倒裝。【翻譯句子】(12)Little does he know about the news. 他對這消息知之甚少。(13)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在這么短的時間里趕上來?！疽呻y1】He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors. (無助動詞)He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (添加does)【疑難剖析1】若原句中沒有助動詞，必須根據(jù)謂語動詞的具體時態(tài)來確定相應(yīng)的助動詞do, does 或did。【完成例句】 (14) 我有大量的工作要做。 Ive got an enormous amount of work to do. 我也是。So have I. (15)他，和他全家人一樣，相信你是無辜的。He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent. (16)如果她不同意這個計劃，Tom也不會同意。If she doesnt agree to the plan, neither will Tom. 2】so / as / neither / nor 為標(biāo)志詞放在句首時，句子用倒裝。表示前面所說的肯定情況，也適合于另一人或物時，句式如下：so / as be (助動詞或情態(tài)動詞) 主語。 表示前面所說的否定情況也適合于另一人或物時，句式如下：neither (nor) be (助動詞或情態(tài)動詞) 主語。 【特別提醒】 “so 主語助動詞(或be動詞)”表示對上文肯定的內(nèi)容加以肯定或贊同，意為“的確如此”； Its raining hard. 天下著大雨。 So it is. 是的。 “主語did so”表示：“主語”這樣做了。 例如： Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so. Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。3】“only 狀語(或狀語從句)”放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝。only之后跟的不是狀語時不可倒裝。【完成例句】(17)你只有用這種方法才能學(xué)好英語。Only in this way can you learn English well. (18)只有他有時間的話他才會來。Only if he has time will he come here. (19)他被請了3次才來開會。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. (20)Only that boy can work out the problem. 只有那個男孩才能解答出這個問題。(21)Only socialism can save China. 只有社會主義才能救中國。4】在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句中，從句謂語有助動詞were, had, should時，可將if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。【翻譯句子】(22)如果我是你，我就不會那樣做。 Were I you, I wouldnt do that.【特別提醒】若從句是否定句，則必須將 not放在主語后。 had必須是助動詞。 5】在 “sothat” 和 “ suchthat”結(jié)構(gòu)中，將“soadj. ”和“suchn. ”提到句首時，句子用部分倒裝?！就瓿衫洹?23)暴風(fēng)雨如此厲害，整個屋頂都被吹掉了。 So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. (24)杰克是如此聰明的孩子，他能解答所有這些難題。 Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 6】often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every the other day, then等狀語位于句首時，句子部分倒裝?！就瓿衫洹恳郧拔医?jīng)常提到他。 Often did I speak of him.他常常幫助我做實驗。Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.7】在notuntil, no soonerthan, scarcely/hardlywhen, not onlybut also, neithernor,等否定詞開頭的句式中?！就瓿衫洹考s翰知道昨天才改變了主意Not until yesterday did John change his mind.她一坐下，電話就響了。Hardly had she sat down when the phone rang.他沒去拜訪她，他也不會這樣做。Neither has he called on her,nor will he do so. 她不但說的正確，而且說的流利。Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.8】當(dāng)as /though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，可出現(xiàn)“N/adj/adv/分詞+as +S+V”或“V+as+S+助動詞”的倒裝形式。當(dāng)表語是名詞時，名詞前不加任何冠詞?！就瓿衫洹勘M管他們很勇敢，但這樣的危險仍使他們感到畏懼。Brave as they we