常用骨科醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯.doc

常用骨科醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯 骨科 ORTHOPEDICS1、概論 INTRODUCTION*fracture n.骨折pathological fracture 病理骨折fatigue fracture 疲勞骨折*open fracture 開放骨折close fracture 閉合骨折*comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折compressed fracture 壓縮骨折shock n.休克*deformity n.畸形tenderness n.壓痛swelling n.腫脹ecchymosis n.瘀斑obstacle n.功能障礙*bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室綜合征infection n.感染spinal cord injury 脊髓損傷surrounding nerve 周圍神經(jīng)*fat embolism 脂肪栓塞bedsore n.褥瘡arthroclisis n.關(guān)節(jié)僵硬ischemic necrosis 缺血性壞死ischemic contraction 缺血性攣縮*traumatic arthritis 創(chuàng)傷性關(guān)節(jié)炎hematoma n.血腫*callus n.骨痂heal n.愈合*synovitis n.滑膜炎*ligament n.韌帶*tendon n.肌腱* pyogenic osteomyelitis 化膿性骨髓炎*reduction n.復(fù)位*bone traction 骨牽引*osteoporosis n.骨質(zhì)疏松2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIESclavicle n.鎖骨*humerus n.肱骨*rotation n.旋轉(zhuǎn)supracondyle n.髁上blister n.水皰pulsate n.搏動(dòng)thrombus n.血栓*cancellous n.松質(zhì)骨*epiphysis n.骨骺*injury n.損傷*joint n.關(guān)節(jié)stability n.穩(wěn)定ulna n.尺骨radius n.橈骨metacarpal bone 掌骨bone graft 植骨hemostasis 止血*periosteum n.骨膜tension n.張力adhesion n.粘連*skin grafting 植皮*arthrodesis n.關(guān)節(jié)融合extrusion n.擠壓gangrene n.壞疽pallor n.蒼白、灰白*amputation n.截肢plaster n.石膏paralysis n.癱瘓bandage n.繃帶2、手外傷 HAND TRAUMAavulsion n.撕脫*dislocation n.脫位stiff adj.僵硬3、下肢骨折與關(guān)節(jié)損傷 FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURYfemur n.股骨adduction n.內(nèi)收separate v.分離cartilage n.軟骨*synovialis n.滑膜*spinal column 脊柱5、脊柱及骨盆骨折 FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIScolumn n.椎體cervical column 頸椎*lumber vertebra 腰椎sacrum n.骶椎sense n.感覺(jué)movement n.運(yùn)動(dòng)reflect v.反射*pelvis n.骨盆6、關(guān)節(jié)脫位 ARTICULAR DISLOCATIONcongenital dislocation 先天性脫位pathological dislocation 病理性脫位*osteoarthritis n.骨關(guān)節(jié)炎*total hip replacement 全髖置換術(shù)7、運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)慢性損傷 CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEMstrain n.勞損*cystis n.滑囊*stenosed tenosynovitis 狹窄性腱鞘炎*ganglion n.腱鞘囊腫degenerative adj.退行性變multiply v.增生abnormal sense 感覺(jué)異常8、腰腿痛和頸肩痛LUMBAGO AND SHOULDER PAINSstenosed column 椎管狹窄9、骨與關(guān)節(jié)化膿感染OSTEOARTICULAR PURULENT LNFECTIONchannel n.竇道drill hole 鉆孔*drainage n.引流10、骨與關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)核 OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSISbone tuberculosis 骨結(jié)核spinal cord compression 脊髓壓迫11、骨腫瘤BONE TUMORbone tumor 骨腫瘤*osteochondroma n.骨軟骨瘤*osteosarcoma n.骨肉瘤chemotherapy n.化療*synoviosarcoma n.滑膜肉瘤醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)分科常用詞匯人體解剖學(xué) HUMAN ANATOMY之運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM1、中軸骨 AXIAL BONES*bone n.骨*vertebrae n.椎骨*cervical vertebrae 頸椎*thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎*sacrum n.骶骨coccyx 尾骨atlas n.寰椎axis n.樞椎*sternum n.胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角sternal manubrium 胸骨柄xiphoid process 劍突*rib n.肋*thoracic cage 胸廓2、顱SKULL*skull n.顱*frontal bone 額骨*parietal bone 頂骨*occipital bone 枕骨*temporal bone 顳骨*sphenoid bone 蝶骨*ethmoid bone 篩骨*mandible n.下頜骨hyoid bone 舌骨vomer n.犁骨*maxilla n.上頜骨palatine bone 腭骨nasal bone 鼻骨lacrimal bone 淚骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲zygomatic bone 顴骨*coronal suture冠狀縫*sagital suture 矢狀縫 *lambdoid suture 人字縫orbit n.眶cranial fontanelle 顱囟2、附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES*clavicle n.鎖骨*scapula n.肩胛骨*humerus n.肱骨*radius n.橈骨*ulna n.尺骨carpal bone 腕骨metacarpal bone 掌骨phalanges n.指骨，趾骨*hip bone 髖骨*ilium n.髂骨*ischium n.坐骨*pubis n.恥骨*femur n.股骨patella n.髕骨*tibia n.脛骨*fibula n.腓骨tarsal bone 跗骨metatarsal bone 跖骨4、關(guān)節(jié)學(xué) ARTHROLOGY*articulation n.關(guān)節(jié)*ligament n.韌帶*flexion n.屈*extension n.伸*adduction n.收*medial rotation 旋內(nèi)*lateral rotation 旋外pronation n旋前.supination n.旋后circumduction n.環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)*vertebral column脊柱*thoracic cage 胸廓*intervertebral disc 椎間盤*temporal-mandibular joint 顳下頜關(guān)節(jié)*shoulder joint 肩關(guān)節(jié)*elbow joint 肘關(guān)節(jié)*radiocarpal joint 橈腕關(guān)節(jié)*pelvis n.骨盆*hip joint 髖關(guān)節(jié)*knee joint 膝關(guān)節(jié)*ankle joint 踝關(guān)節(jié)5、肌肉系統(tǒng) MUSCULATURE(1)肌學(xué)系統(tǒng)INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULATURE*muscle n.肌肉muscle belly 肌腹tendon n.肌腱aponeurosis n.腱膜*fascia n.筋膜*tendinous sheath 腱鞘（2）軀干肌TRUNK MUSCLEStrapezius n.斜方肌latissimus dorsi 背闊肌erector spinae 豎脊肌*sternocleidomastoid adj.胸鎖乳突的*scalenus n.斜角肌pectoralis major 胸大肌intercostales n.肋間肌*diaphragm n.膈（肌）*inguinal canal 腹股溝管*sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘（3）頭肌 HEAD MUSCLESorbicularis oculi 眼輪匝肌masseter n.咬肌*temporalis n.顳肌*deltoid n.三角肌*biceps brachii 肱二頭肌*triceps brachii 肱三頭肌*axillary fossa 腋窩（4）附肢肌 MUSCLES ATTACHED TO EXTREMITTES*gluteus maximus 臀大肌piriformis n.梨狀肌*sartorius n.縫匠肌*quadriceps femoris 股四頭肌triceps surae 小腿三頭肌*femoral triangle 股三角popliteal fossa 腘窩醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)分科常用詞匯診斷學(xué)骨關(guān)節(jié)系統(tǒng)OSTEOARTICULAR SYSTEM*Codmanstriangle 骨膜三角，科德曼三角H-shaped vertebra,butterfly vertebra 蝴蝶椎Rugger-Jersay vertebra 夾心椎體Scheuermanns disease 紹爾曼病Schmorls nodule 施莫爾結(jié)節(jié)Shentons line 沈通氏線apophysis n. 骺狀突*arthrography n.關(guān)節(jié)造影basilar impression,basilarinvagination 顱底凹陷block vertebra 融合椎bone island 骨島bursography n.淚囊造影compacta n.骨密度cortical porosity 皮質(zhì)骨疏松癥craniolacunia,luckenschadel n.顱骨陷窩*empty sella 空蝶鞍endosteal proliferation 骨內(nèi)膜增生*epiphysis n.骨骺Intratrabecular resorption 骨小梁內(nèi)吸收ivory vertebra 象牙椎marrow-packing disease 骨髓充填疾病massive osteolysis 大片骨溶解melopheostosis n.蠟油骨癥ossification n.骨化osteopathia stria