小升初高頻考點(diǎn)之代詞.doc

英語(yǔ)高頻考點(diǎn)之代詞代詞是代替名詞，起名詞作用的詞。英語(yǔ)中的代詞分為：人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、不定代詞、相互代詞、關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞。一考點(diǎn)知識(shí)精講：考點(diǎn)一：人稱(chēng)代詞的主賓格包含的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1. 人稱(chēng)代詞的主賓格形式：表示“我（們），你（們），他/她/它（們）”的詞叫人稱(chēng)代詞。根據(jù)他們?cè)诰渲械淖饔茫煞譃橹鞲窈唾e格兩種形式。其中，主格代詞有： 第一人稱(chēng) 第二人稱(chēng) 第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)： I, you, he, she, it, 復(fù)數(shù)： we, you, they賓格代詞有： 第一人稱(chēng) 第二人稱(chēng) 第三人稱(chēng) 單數(shù)： me, you, him, her, it 復(fù)數(shù)： us, you, them（列一個(gè)表格更好）2.人稱(chēng)代詞的用法：人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用主格，在陳述句中放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。：ou are a good student. He cleans the board.人稱(chēng)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格，置于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。 Eg: Let us go. I want him to do his homework.注意：第三人稱(chēng)he,she或表示男女的姓名并列時(shí)，一般遵循男先女后的習(xí)慣。但如果表示承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤或承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)，習(xí)慣上把I放前面。 巧學(xué)妙計(jì)：?jiǎn)螖?shù)二三一，復(fù)數(shù)一二三。 若是犯了錯(cuò)，把我放在前。.關(guān)于的拓展內(nèi)容1.it 除了當(dāng)“它”，還可以表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離、環(huán)境情況等。這時(shí)的不指某個(gè)具體的東西，沒(méi)有明確的含義，翻譯時(shí)不必譯出來(lái)。如：引導(dǎo)的固定句式：（例句加翻譯）1.It is time for sb to do sth. 到某人該干某事的時(shí)間了。Eg:It is time for me to go to bed. 2.It takes sb some time to do sth. 某人花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間干某事。Eg:It takes me twenty minutes to go to school by bike. 3.It is ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事了。Eg:It is your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 4.It is +adj + of / for sb +to do sth某人做某事是怎么樣的。Eg:It is nice of you to come to see me .考點(diǎn)二：物主代詞 包含的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1. 形容詞性物主代詞用作定語(yǔ)，放在名詞的前面。 Eg: I love my family. Is this your bike?2. 什么時(shí)候用形容詞性物主代詞，什么時(shí)候用名詞性物主代詞。 如果后面有名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞；如果后面沒(méi)有名詞，用名詞性物主代詞。（補(bǔ)充完整，例句，例詞）形物+名詞=名物 Eg: These are ours English books.(誤） These are our English books.(正）考點(diǎn)三：指示代詞 包含的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1. 指示代詞包括：this, that, these, those2. this 和these 一般用來(lái)指在時(shí)間或者空間上較近的人或物： that和those 一般用來(lái)指時(shí)間或者空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。(完善概念，表述不清) Eg: This is a pen and that is a pencil.（加翻譯） We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.3. this 在電話用語(yǔ)中代表自己，that代表對(duì)方。 Eg:Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?考點(diǎn)四：反身代詞1.反身代詞是用來(lái)表示“我自己，你自己，他（她，它）自己，我們自己，你們自己，他們自己”的詞。形式如下：人稱(chēng) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)myselfourselves第二人稱(chēng)yourselfyourselves第三人稱(chēng)himself,herself,itselfthemselves2. 反身代詞的用法：反身代詞用語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人的時(shí)候。Eg:I didnt see Tom himself yesterday.經(jīng)常使用的短語(yǔ)： enjoy oneself ; teach oneself ; help oneself3.反身代詞的變化情況：第一人稱(chēng)、第二人稱(chēng)的反身代詞的變化是：形容詞性物主代詞+self/ selves (單數(shù)加self, 復(fù)數(shù)加selves)第三人稱(chēng)的反身代詞的變化是：人稱(chēng)代詞賓格+self/ selves (單數(shù)加self, 復(fù)數(shù)加selves)4.反身代詞妙記：反身代詞表自身，動(dòng)介之后露身份若表強(qiáng)調(diào)一功能，主賓之后表同位慣用語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常用，務(wù)必牢牢記在心考點(diǎn)五：不定代詞包含的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1. some 和 any 的用法： Some 用于肯定句以及想得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中； Any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句Eg: Look! Some students are sweeping the floor.（加例句）Would you like some tea?We dont have any apples.2. few, a few和 little , a little 的用法：Few ,a few用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞;little, a little用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞Few,little 表示否定，意思是幾乎沒(méi)有Little, a little 表示肯定，意思是有一點(diǎn)Eg: I am going to buy a few apples.（例句） He can speak a little Chinese.3. other, the other, others, the others , another 的區(qū)別 Other, 是形容詞，意思是別的，其他的，后面可以加名詞。 the other指兩者中的另一個(gè)，和one 搭配 Others 別的東西，后面不能加名詞，但是可以和some 搭配The others指剩余的全部東西，不能加名詞Another 指三者或三者以上的另一個(gè)。Eg: I have two books. One is green, the other is blue. There are 50 students in our class. Some are singing, and others are dancing.二考點(diǎn)經(jīng)典例題解析1.Is this your key, Jenny? No._is in my handbag.A.His B.Hers C.Mine解析：C. 本題考查物主代詞的用法。需要學(xué)生清楚每個(gè)單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思。2. Look, thats Mike, your classmate. Yes, lets go and say hello to _. A.him B.he C.her D.hers解析：本題考查代詞的分類(lèi)。在介詞to的后面應(yīng)用人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格，且Mike 是男孩，所以應(yīng)用him.3. My father is ill in bed. I have to look after _ at home. A.he B.his C.him D.himself解析：B考查人稱(chēng)代詞的用法，應(yīng)用賓格形式。4. Dont wear jeans, or _wont be allowed to go to the concert. A.I B.you C.they D.we解析：C考查人稱(chēng)代詞的用法。 前半句是祈使句，由此可知第二空要填主格。5. How did your uncle learn to play the guitar？ By_.A. myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself解析：?jiǎn)柧渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)是your uncle, 所以應(yīng)用與其相符的反身代詞himself.3 代詞的練習(xí)題。1. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The teacher gave the books to all the students except _who had already taken them.A. ones B. some C. the ones D. the others 3. Our manager allowed _to take a holiday next week.A. you and I B. yourself and me C. I and you D. you and me 4. Although he s wealthy，he spends_ on clothes.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 5. They were all tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither 6. I dont know whether small oranges are sweeter than big _.A. those B. ones C. one D. that 7. When they met, they stopped and said hello to_.A. each other B. each another C. the other each D .each one 8. After everyone took_ place, the meeting began.A. his B. their