【晉升之路】外研版高中英語必修5優(yōu)化學(xué)案：Module 2 (3).doc

module2 a job worth doing 一、 本講要點(diǎn) 1. 重點(diǎn)短語 1. offer to 2. in bad/ poor condition 3. in particular 4. on average 5. in theory 6. in practice 7. come off 8. pass by 9. take. for granted 10. volunteer to do 11. have an effect on 12. week in, week out 13. from dawn to dusk 14. take up 15. apply for 16. in response to 17. combine with 18. in demand 19. on location 20. be likely to 2. 重點(diǎn)句型 1. that must have been interesting! 2. that cant have been easy! 3. they might have got lost, or had an accident! 3. 交際用語 1. i have a day off. 2. i managed somehow. 3. it was a nightmare. 4. my takehome salary is 1,000yuan rmb a month. 5. roughly 200 us dollars is 1,650 yuan rmb. 4. 語法 revision of verb forms 二、 同步課堂 1. life is hard at high altitude. 2. many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. 很多路的狀況都不好，事故頻繁發(fā)生。 in .condition 處于。狀況 his secondhand car is in bad condition. 3. one road in particular, which goes north from la paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. in particular 尤其，特別 eg. i remember one of them particularly/ in particular. for no particular reason 沒有特別理由 be particular about/ over 對(duì)。挑剔的。吹毛求疵的 eg. she is particular about what she wears. 他對(duì)穿著很講究。 his good humour was particularly noticeable. 他的幽默感是顯而易見的。 consider vt, vi 1) 考慮；思考 i am considering going abroad. 我正在考慮出國。 the court would not even consider his claim for the old mans legacy. 法庭根本不會(huì)考慮他所提出的對(duì)老人遺產(chǎn)的要求。 let me consider.讓我考慮一下。 2) 認(rèn)為；以為 i consider it a great honor. 我認(rèn)為這是極大的榮幸。 we consider that the driver is not to blame. 我們認(rèn)為這不是司機(jī)的過錯(cuò)。 3) 把（某人、某事）看作., 認(rèn)為（某人、某事）如何（as.， of.， to be.） we consider it (to be ) true.=(we consider that it is true.) 我們認(rèn)為這是真實(shí)的。 i considered him a rascal. 我認(rèn)為他是個(gè)流氓。 4. in theory the road can only be used by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. in theory 理論上 eg. your plan is excellent in theory, but would it success in practice? 你的計(jì)劃在理論上甚佳，但實(shí)踐上能成功滿？ in trouble 處于麻煩中 in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中in advance 提前 in general 一般 in particular 特別地 in harmony 和睦。融洽 in pieces 成碎片 in common with 公有，公用 eg. marys tastes are in common with/ similar to/ in harmony with mine. 5. but in practice, few drivers respect the rules. 6. every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. 每天早晨，他的手里拿著一個(gè)巨大的圓形木板爬上拐彎處指揮交通。 with的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)： 1）with +賓語 + 形容詞（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 he likes to sleep with the window open. 2）with +賓語 + 副詞（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 with her son away from home, she was worried. 3）with +賓語 + 介詞短語（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 she came in with a baby in her arm. 4）with +賓語 + 現(xiàn)在分詞（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 with a local guide leading the way, we got there easily. 5）with +賓語 + 過去分詞（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 with the problem solved, we went on smoothly. 6）with +賓語 + 不定式（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做狀語 with her husband to help her, she worked it out. 7）with +賓語 + 介詞短語（賓補(bǔ)）在句子中做定語 the girl with a bag on her back went happily to school. 7. but often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted. take for granted that認(rèn)為。理所當(dāng)然 例：dont take it for granted that you didnt pass the final examination. 8. before he volunteered to direct the traffic, timoteo had had lots of jobs. volunteer to do sth 9. then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death. encounter vt遭遇；遇到 1) the more dangers we encounter, the harder should we push forward. 越是艱險(xiǎn)越向前。 2) the young scientists encountered many difficulties during their exploration. 年輕的科學(xué)家們?cè)谔诫U(xiǎn)期間遇到了許多困難。 n 遭遇；偶然碰到, “遭遇戰(zhàn)” 3) it was a bloody encounter between the two armies. 這是那兩軍之間的一次激烈的遭遇戰(zhàn)。 4) the two of them had an encounter of wits. 他們倆偶然地展開了一場斗智。 5) an unexpected encounter 不期而遇 10. this last experience had a profound effect on timoteo. to/ of no effect 無用，無效 bring/ carry/ put sth into effect 實(shí)行，實(shí)施 come into effect 實(shí)行，實(shí)施 take effect 生效，奏效 without effect 沒有作用（做狀語） to the effect that 大意是說 例如： 1) 農(nóng)民們?cè)馐芰藥啄瓴挥龅拇蠛档挠绊憽?the farmer felt the effect of the drought for years. 2) 這種藥有效嗎？ did the medicine have any effect/ a good effect? 3) 我收到了一封信，大意是說我被大學(xué)錄取了。 i have received a letter to the effect that i have been admitted to the university. 4) 這個(gè)計(jì)劃很快就會(huì)被實(shí)行的。 the plan will soon be carried into effect. 11. and so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic. week in, week out 一周又一周，接連好幾個(gè)星期 take up 站好位置已備， 占據(jù)，從事，拿起，繼續(xù) take over 接管 take back 收回 1）你什么時(shí)候開始打籃球的？ when did you take up basketball? 2）農(nóng)民們整年在地里從早忙到晚。 the farmers work in the field, from dawn to dusk all the year around. 3） 學(xué)生們接連好幾周沒有計(jì)算機(jī)課了。 the students didnt have computer lessons, week in, week out. 4）讓我們從昨天停下來的地方繼續(xù)學(xué)課文。 lets take up the text where we finished yesterday. 5）這個(gè)桌子占太大地方。 the desk takes up too much room. 6）我們會(huì)長離開了，所以peter接管他的工作。 our chairman has left, so peter will take over his job. 7）很抱歉傷害了你，我收回剛剛說過的話。 im sorry to have hurt you; i take back what i said just now. 12. demand: 要求，需要 n.1) 要求；請(qǐng)求 ives listened to the workers demand for more money. 艾夫斯聽著工人們要爭取更多錢的要求。 2) 需求；需要 it is impossible to satisfy all demands. 有求必應(yīng)是不可能的。 teachers are in demand in this area. 在這個(gè)地區(qū)很需要教師。 vt 3) 要求 demand an apology from sb. 要求某人道歉 demand a clear answer 要求(作出)明確的答復(fù) i demand that john (should) go there at once. 我要約翰馬上去那兒。 4) 急需；迫切需要 this work demands your attention 這工作急需你去做。 in (great) demand 需要量很大; 許多人都需要 on demand 在要求時(shí), 一經(jīng)請(qǐng)求; 在要求支付時(shí) 13. intellectual: adj 腦力的，思維的，需用才智的； n知識(shí)分子 the intellectual faculties 智能 intellectual people 有才智的人 intellectually 有才智地 intelligence u 智力，才智 intelligent adj. 聰明的，有才智的 designing houses is an intelligent job, but george can easily make it intellectual. 14. satisfying: adj 令人滿意的 satisfied: adj 感到滿意的 satisfaction n. 滿意/滿足；令人滿足的事 satisfy: vt 使?jié)M意 例如： your success will be a great satisfaction to your parents. the result of the experiment was satisfactory. have you satisfied yourself of the truth of the report? boredboring excitedexciting embarrassedembarrassing disappointeddisappointing moved-moving 15. stressful: adj 有壓力的， stressless 沒有重音的，沒有壓力的 stress: n 壓力,重音 in times of stress 在艱難時(shí)期 lay/ place/ put stress on/ upon 把重點(diǎn)放在 例如： the stress is on the second syllable. he stressed the point that we should be punctual. he laid special stress on the analyzing the particularity of the conditions. the work that miners do is dangerous and stressful. 16. volunteer n 志愿者 we want some volunteers to help paint the house. 我們想要幾個(gè)自愿幫助漆房屋的人。 vt, vi (常與to連用)自愿去做，主動(dòng)請(qǐng)求去做 we all volunteered to paint the house. 我們都自愿漆這房子。 meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts. 與此同時(shí),許多大學(xué)生自愿在罷工持續(xù)期間去駕駛公共汽車。 the doctor who had volunteered to settled down in the poor village became the chief fable of the villagers. 這個(gè)志愿到這個(gè)窮村莊落戶的醫(yī)生成了村民們的中心話題。 adj. 志愿者的，由志愿者組成的，或志愿者做的： volunteer firefighters; volunteer tutoring. 志愿消防員；志愿導(dǎo)游 voluntary 自愿的，自動(dòng)的 17. offer vt, vi 提供；提出 offer a few ideas提出幾點(diǎn)意見 i must offer them an apology for not going to attend their get-gathering. 我沒有去出席他們的聚會(huì),必須向他們示歉意。 he offered me 300 dollars for that television. 他出300美元向我買那部電視機(jī)。 （與to連用）表示愿意；試圖 offer to go 自愿前往 offer to help sb. 表示愿意幫助某人 n 提議; 出價(jià)；報(bào)盤 an offer of 100 出價(jià)100 英鎊 提供 i have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but i am determined to stay here. 有人曾向我提供大筆款項(xiàng)讓我搬遷,但我決心留在這里。 thank you for your offer of help. 感謝你提供的幫助。 18. earn: vt 掙（錢） earn ones living 謀生 earnings n 賺得的錢 1） 他取得的成就使他受到尊敬和欽佩。 his achievements earn him respect and admiration. 2）這錢有七厘利息。 the money earns 7%interest. 19. permanent: adj 長久的，永久的，永恒的 eg. 1) is your new job permanent or temporary? 2) a permanent force 常備軍 3) a permanent committee 常設(shè)委員會(huì) 20. salary: n 工資，薪水-salary, wage, fee salary 指按月發(fā)的薪水，領(lǐng)取薪水者通常是經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)而具有特殊技能或?qū)ｉT知識(shí)的人 1) he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries? 他告訴我說，公司付不起那么多薪水了。 2) whats your salary? 你領(lǐng)取多少薪水？ 3) teachers, government officials and clerks receive salaries. 教師，政府官員和職員接受薪水。 wage一般指按星期甚至按天發(fā)的工資，領(lǐng)取工資者通常是做體力勞動(dòng)的人 4) the young wage -earner often earns good money 掙工資的年輕人往往掙很多錢 5) his wages are high, prices are high, too. 工資高，物價(jià)也高。 fee一詞在英語中指付給醫(yī)生、音樂師、美術(shù)工作者或律師的報(bào)酬。 6) the doctors fee is 25 a visit. 7) school fees are high in that country. 21. staff: n 全體職員，員工 the staff of a school 學(xué)校的全體工作人員 a staff member (=a member of the staff) 職員之一 the teaching staff 全體教員 the domestic staff 傭人 a military naval staff college 陸海軍參謀學(xué)院 22. sign: vt 簽字，簽署 sign a letter在信件上簽字 i want all of you to sign.我要你們?nèi)己炞帧?the firm signed on fifty more workers last week. 上星期該公司簽約增雇了五十名工人。 sign sb. to enter對(duì)某人打手勢讓他進(jìn)來 sign a street 給街道立標(biāo)志 the policeman signed (for) them to stop. 警察做手勢叫他們停住。 he signed to me to be quiet. 他做手勢要我安靜。 n 記號(hào)，符號(hào), 身勢，姿勢；信號(hào) he made a sign for me to follow him. 他向我示意跟著他（走）。 告示；標(biāo)語； 牌示，牌子 the sign by the road saidno parking. 路邊的牌子上寫著“禁止停車”。 跡象；征兆；征候 there are no signs of life about the house. 這房子沒有有人住的跡象。 23. grammar: review of verb forms(2) 一般過去時(shí) 1）在確定的過去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 where did you go just now? 2）表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 when i was a child, i often played football in the street. whenever the browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： it is time for sb. to do sth 到時(shí)間了 該了 it is time sb. did sth. 時(shí)間已遲了 早該了 it is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 it is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示寧愿某人做某事 id rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問、請(qǐng)求、建議等。 i thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1） 概念：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。 2） 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。 4) 常用的時(shí)間狀語: this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while my brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. it was raining when they left the station. when i got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 過去完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”。常以before, by+過去時(shí)間，或when, before等引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)態(tài)的從句來表示，也可以通過上下文來表示。 i had written the criticism article when they came. 他們來時(shí)，我已寫完了那篇評(píng)論。 they left earlier than we had expected. 他們離開的時(shí)間比我們預(yù)料的要早。 典型題例 1. peter _come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. a. must b. may c. can d. will 解析：表可能性只能用may.此句意可從后半句推出。答案b. 2. -could i borrow your dictionary? -yes, of course, you_. a. might b. will c. can d. should 解析：could表示委婉的語氣，并不為時(shí)態(tài)。答語中of course，表示肯定的語氣，允許某人做某事時(shí)，用can和 may來表達(dá)，不能用could或might。復(fù)習(xí)： will 與you連用，用來提出要求或下命令。should與you 連用，用來提出勸告。答案c. 3. tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. a. have told b. tell c. be telling d. having told 解析：由于后句為過去時(shí)，告訴秘密的動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在其前因，此地應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，但它在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ought to 后，所以用have。答案a。 4. its nearly seven oclock. jack _ be here at any moment. a. must b. need c. should d. can