中國的文學翻譯_從歸化趨向異化.doc

4 02001-11-252 11 8 1 31995The Translators In-visibility(foreignizingmethod)(domesticating method)(Venuti,1995:20)19702 05 02 0197020702 11970901 8 9 91 8 02 01. 8 9 84710032119702070202021I046A1000-873X(2002)01-0040-05Chinas Literary Translation:from Domestication to ForeignizationSunZhili(PLACollegeofForeignLanguages,Luoyang471003,China)Abstract:ThispaperprovidesageneralsurveyofChinasliterarytranslationfromtheangleoftranslationstrategies.WiththeexceptionofthefifteenorsixteenyearsfollowingtheMay4Movement,thefirsthundredyears(fromthe1870stothe1970s)ofthehistoryofChinasliterarytranslationwascharacterizedbythedominationofstrategiesofdomestication.Inthelasttwodecadesofthe20thcentury,duetotheinfluenceofWesterntranslationtheories,Chinastranslationcirclesbegantoreconsidertherelationshipbetweenforeignizationanddomestication.Asaresult,moreattentionwaspaidtothestrategiesofforeignization,bytheoristsaswellastranslators.Thereisgoodreasontobelieve,therefore,thatforeignizationwillbethepreferredstrategyofliterarytranslationinChinainthe21stcentury.Aforeignizingtranslationaimsprimarilytoreproduceasmuchaspossibletheforeignelementsintheoriginal,including(1)theforeignculturalfeatures,(2)theforeignformalfeatures,and(3)theauthorsunusualwritingtechniques.Itshouldbepointedout,however,thatinapplyingtheforeignizingmethod,thetranslatorshouldnotgobeyondwhatispermittedbytheChineselanguageandcultureandwhatisacceptabletotheChinesereaders.Whenforeignizationisnotfeasible,thetranslatorshouldresorttodomesticationasasupplementarymethod.Keywords:literarytranslation;translationstrategies;foreignization;domestication4 1honeymoon1. 9 1 91 9 1 81. 9 9 21 7 61 9 2 51992176-17719341 9 9 23 0 01 9 3 51 9 9 23 0 11. 9 9 23 1 23 03 0123 01 03 11. 9 9 23 3 4203031 9 5 01 9 5 61 9 5 919548191 9 5 11. 9 9 23 9 46 01 9 6 34 21 9 8 57 9godfatherg o d s o np e e r a g e(ideology)(patronage)(poetics)(Lefevere,1992)2 02 01 8(foreignness)1. 9 8 721 9 9 42 6 9-2 8 21 9 9 51 9 9 61 9 9 61 9 9 93 1-3 21 9 9 93 61. Hemadeyouforahighwaytomybed;ButI,amaid,diemaiden-widowed.(W.Shakespeare:RomeoandJuliet,3,3,134-135)200214 3(to my bed)(die maiden-widowed),20013472. Thestageofmentalcomforttowhichtheyhadarrivedatthishourwasonewhereintheirsouls