定語從句典型例子(1).docx

定語從句典型題目鞏固（1）1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荂，around which were high mountains 是一個由介詞+which引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was.請做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are（2） The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are（3） Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?A. that B. which C. where D. what【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理，因為人們通常是在醫(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為在附近；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個形式主語。【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題：_ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的 that 從句。再比較下面一組題，其中第（1）題選 B，第（2）題選 D：（1） _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It（2） _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It4. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like.A. that B. who C. as D. whom【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such . that .句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃，不是A，因為在such . that . （如此.以至.）結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such . that .，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語，句意為所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩。有的同學(xué)可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因為當(dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that.比較下面一題，答案為A，因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. that B. who C. as D. whom請再做以下試題（答案選D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. like B. that C. which D. as5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. that B. it C. them D. which【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses.【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses.類似地，以下各題也選D：（1） His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. that B. it C. them D. which（2） Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. that B. it C. them D. which（3） This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. that B. it C. them D. which類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：（4） George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. that B. him C. them D. whom（5） Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. that B. who C. them D. whom（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students.A. that B. who C. them D. whom6. He had thousands of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 B，用 them 代指 students.【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 為非限制性定語從句。假若在many of. 的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B。比較以下各題（答案均選A）：（1） He asked a lot of questions, none of _ was easy to answer.A. which B. them C. what D. that（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer.A. them B. which C. what D. that（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. whom B. them C. which D. who（4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. them B. whom C. which D. who7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A.比較：（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were.（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個并列句。8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘茿.與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 seated 不是謂語，而是一個過去分詞，因為 seat 作動詞用時，是及物動詞。比較以下相似題：（1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選B.whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為其后有完整的謂語 were seated.（2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選A.因為句中有并列連詞and，整個句子為并列句。（3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選A.their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。（4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選B.whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 sat.（5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選B.whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 were sitting.9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥空_答案為D，注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句，逗號后是該狀語從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語。類似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which：（1） If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. as B. which C. and it D. that（2） If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15.A. as B. which C. what D. that（3） Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me.A. that B. which C. and it D. so（4） When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating.A. as B. which C. what D. that10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company.A. which