整理好的介詞及習(xí)題(2).doc

介詞 一. 內(nèi)容提要：1. 能夠掌握常見的表時(shí)間、方位、工具等的介詞的基本用法。2. 能夠辨別意義相關(guān)或相近的幾組介詞3. 能夠在具體的語言環(huán)境中準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用介詞和介詞短語二、知識總結(jié)介詞：是虛詞，它不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分，常常放在名詞或代詞之前，與之一起構(gòu)成介詞短語，共同充當(dāng)句子成分。主要分為三類：時(shí)間介詞、地點(diǎn)介詞、方式介詞一. 時(shí)間介詞 表示“在何時(shí)”常用介詞in，on，at等in的用法1） 用在世紀(jì)、四季、年、月前In 21st century in winter in 2009 in January2） 泛指一天中的上午、下午、晚上In the morning in the afternoon in the eveningon 的用法1） 用在星期、節(jié)日前On Monday on Teachers Day2） 用在具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上之前以及具體某一天前On the morning of June 5 On Monday afternoonOn a cold winter evening on March 1st at 的用法1） 用在鐘點(diǎn)前at six at eight2） 用在固定詞組中at noon at night 注：如果night 前有修飾詞，表示具體的夜晚用onEg：on a rainy night典型例題：1.Gina was born _ 1999. She is old enough to go to school（06中考）A. to B. on C. at D. in2. We traveled all night to London and got there _ Sunday morning.（07中考）A. forB. onC. atD. to3. Peter usually gets up early _ the morning.（08中考） A. on B. in C. at D. of4. I usually do some cleaning _ Sunday morning.（10朝陽一模）A. inB. atC. onD. to5.Li Lei often goes to school_7:10 in the morning.(10海淀一模) A. at B.for C.on D.in6.What a healthly boy! He runs _the morning every day.(10海淀二模) A.in B.on C.at D.for 7. When was the sports meeting held? _ April 28.（10宣武一模）A. To B. At C. On D. In 8.I usually get up _eight oclock on weekends.(10朝陽二模) A.at B.on C.in D.to9. I often stay at home _ Sunday.（10通州二模） A. in B. at C. on D. with10.Fathers Day will come _ June 20th this year.（10西城一模）A. onB. atC. inD. to11. Einstein, the famous scientist, was born _ March, 1892.(09中考)A. at B. on C. in D. to12. Some volunteers from Beijing arrived in Shanghai_April 29 to work for the World Expo.(10中考)A.on B.at C.of D.to13. My uncle is coming to Beijing_the morning of May 15.(10東城一模) A.in B.on C.at D.to14. I have seven classes _ Monday. Its really a busy day.（10豐臺一模） A. atB. inC. ofD. on15.Mr.Black is a hardworking engineer. He often stays up late_night.(10東城二模)A.at B.on C.about D.to答案：1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 表示“在.期間”常用介詞during，fromto,for等 during the winter holiday 寒假期間 during the last two years 在過去的兩年中 for a long time 好久 for three years 三年 from Monday to Friday from July to Augusteg：1.Do you go to school every day? No，we go to school only_Monday to Friday. A.from B.on C.from D.at 其它表示時(shí)間介詞1） in 與after 表示時(shí)間“在之后”“in+一段時(shí)間”表示將來一段時(shí)間之后，通常與將來時(shí)態(tài)（一般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)）連用?！癮fter+一段時(shí)間”表示一段時(shí)間之后，通常與過去時(shí)連用Eg：1.I hear hell be back_a month. A.after B.in C.from D.at2.Mr.Black got to Hang zhou_a few days.A.in B.after C.on D.at答案：1.B 2.B2) before與after都常用于時(shí)間點(diǎn)前 before 表示“在之前 ,早于” after 表示“在之后”（與時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間之后） eg：Ill be free before five oclock tomorrow. She always watches TV after supper. Ill ring you up after two oclock.3) since 與 for 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。 Since 用于時(shí)間點(diǎn)前 for 用于時(shí)間段前He has been a teacher since 1995.She has lived here for 20 years.4) by 與since 表示時(shí)間的用法. by 表示一個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)作發(fā)生在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或在某一時(shí)間之前. since表示從以前某時(shí)一直到現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)，一般只用于完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。 Eg：Jack has studied Chinese in this school_the year of 2000. A.since B.in C.on D.by 注：since+the year of+年份=since +年份 All of us must be at the school gate by six tomorrow morning. 我們大家都得在明天早上6點(diǎn)鐘之前到達(dá)學(xué)校門口。 By the time of last week, we had finished all the lessons for this term. 到上周末為止，我們已經(jīng)把本學(xué)期課程都學(xué)完了。5）until 與 till 意為“直到”常用于notuntil結(jié)構(gòu)中。 表示“直到才”,until 后跟時(shí)間點(diǎn)。 The meeting will last till four oclock.會議一直開到4點(diǎn)。 She didnt leave the swimming pool until closing time. 她直到關(guān)門時(shí)才離開游泳池。6）between 常與and 連用。表示“在之間” ，后跟表示“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的名詞。 She was at Middle School between 1979 and 1985.二地點(diǎn)介詞 in，at 與on表示方位用法in 表示地點(diǎn)，“在內(nèi)” ，用于內(nèi)部。at 表示“在某地”時(shí)，后接小地方，大地方用in。on“在上面 ，在靠近的地方” ，用于表面接觸，指在一個(gè)平面上。on the wall“在墻表面掛著” in the wall “在墻內(nèi)”There is a hole in the wall.注：表示樹上結(jié)出果實(shí)用on，外來之物停、落在樹上用in.1. Look_the map_China_the wall,please. A.after;of;in B.at;of;in C.after;in;on D.at;of;on2. There are two windows_the right wall, there is a map_the left wall. A.in;on B.in;in C.on;on D.on;in3. A little monkey is playing_a tree and there are a lot of bananas_it. A.on;on B.in;on C.on;in D.in;in答案：1.D 2.A 3.B in，on 和to 表達(dá)地區(qū)方位 in：表示某地在一個(gè)大的地區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的某一方位。 Shandong is in the east of China. on: 表示兩地區(qū)的毗鄰或“在之畔” 用on Korea is on the east of China. to: 在某地范圍之外的某個(gè)方向用to Japan is to the esat of China習(xí)題：1. Shanghai is_the west of Japan.A.to B.in C.on D.at2. Hongkong is_the south of China, and Macao is _the west of HongKong. A.in;to B.to;to C.to;in D.in;in3. Do you know that Fujian is _ the west of Taiwan?A. to B. in C. on【答案】 1.A 2.A 3.A 表達(dá)“內(nèi)部前方” 與“外部前方” in front of 與 in the front ofin front of: 表示在某一空間外部的前面in the front of:表示在某一空間內(nèi)部的前面eg：There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom across,over與through across: 強(qiáng)調(diào)從某個(gè)平面的一邊到另一邊，“橫過” through：指從某個(gè)立體空間內(nèi)穿過，順著通過 over:側(cè)重越過某種障礙物等 eg：The Great Wall goes from west to east,across the desert,over the mountains,through the valleys,till it arrives at the sea. 長城從西到東，穿過沙漠，越過高山，跨過深谷，直達(dá)海邊。 “上面” 、“下面”的表達(dá) over：表示在上方，強(qiáng)調(diào)在物體的正上方。 under：表示在下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)在物體的正下方。 above：表示在上方，不一定是正上方，有時(shí)也可指溫度、海拔等的刻度。 below：表示在下方，不一定是正下方，有時(shí)也可指溫度、海拔等的刻度。Eg：Look，youll see a bridge over the river.We can see a village below the mountain when we stand on the top of the hill. 英文中某些動(dòng)詞其后要接人，然后接“介詞+the+身體部位” 注：如果身體部位較軟用in，硬的部位用on Eg：John hit Jack in the face. He caught the boy by the arm.三方式介詞 in 指使用某種語言、工具的具體類型等。 with：多指用工具，用身體的某部位或器官。 Eg：You can see it with your own eyes. by: 指使用的方法和手段。習(xí)題：1. He makes a living_teaching.A.in B.of C.by D.on 2. The book was written_English.A.in B.with C.from D.by 3. I go to school_bus every morning.A.in B.by C.on D.at 4. This programme was sent to the USA_China_satellite.A.in;of B.of;in C.from;by D.by;from5. I learn French_the radio every day. A.on B.in C.by D.with答案：1.C 2.A. 3.B 4.C 5.A by in on 表旅行方式時(shí)的用法 by+交通工具 前面沒有冠詞或任何修飾語1） 不涉及表示交通工具的名詞時(shí)用byby sea 海陸 by air 空運(yùn)，乘飛機(jī) by land 陸路 by water 水路2） 涉及表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞by car 乘汽車 by bus 乘公交車 by train 乘火車by plane 乘飛機(jī) by ship 乘輪船 by bike 乘自行車by boat 乘船 by subway 乘地鐵 on 或in +交通工具 確定的交通工具 交通工具前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語。 in a car 乘汽車 in a train 乘火車 on a bus on a bicycle on my bike 注意：但步行用on foot 表示“制造”的表達(dá) be made in+ 產(chǎn)地 be made into +產(chǎn)品 be made of +材料（沒有改變性質(zhì)）從表面可看出原材料 be made from+材料（改變性質(zhì)）從表面無法看出原材料 be made by“由制成” （人或方式） be made for“制成用于”習(xí)題：1. This kind of table is made_plastic.A. from B.of C.in D.by 2. Your coat looks nice.Is it_cotton? Yes.Its_Shanghai.A.made of; made by B.made of;made inC.made for;made in D.made from;made by 答案：1.B 2.B四其它介詞except，but，besidesexcept=but “除了之外” 不包含，排除之外。besides “除之外，另外還有” ，著重于“另外還有”（包含在內(nèi)）eg：Do you know any other foreign language_English? A.except B.but C.beside D.besides答案：D五有關(guān)介詞短語with bad manners 有不良習(xí)慣 operate on 給做手術(shù)be strict in sth be strict with sb play against 與比賽 look forward to 期望，盼望 at the age of 在歲時(shí) by the end of 到.末，表達(dá)動(dòng)作的截止時(shí)間，一般用于完成時(shí)態(tài)中hear from sb 收到來信 hear of（about）sb/sth 聽說過(人或事) stopfrom 阻止做某事 be interested in sth 對某事感興趣 laugh at 嘲笑某人 laugh over 笑著談?wù)撃橙嘶蚰呈?in trouble 陷入困境 thank sb for sth 因某事而感謝某人 thanks to sb 多虧某人 be good at 擅長 be good for 對有益 be bad for 對不利 agree with sb 同意某人的觀點(diǎn)和看法 go on well with sb 與某人相處很好 depend on 依靠某人或某事 in bed 躺在床上 in the corner of 在內(nèi)的角落 shout at 對某人喊叫 be polite to sb 對某人有禮貌be angry with sb 對某人生氣 be from=come from 來自be proud of 為感到驕傲、自豪 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事at a time 一次 at times 有時(shí) all the time 總是 at that time 在那時(shí)with ones help 在某人的幫助下 be worried about 為而擔(dān)心do well in 在方面做的好 on a farm 在農(nóng)場be sure of 對.有把握 習(xí)題：1.Dont shout_the old woman.You should be more polite _her.A.to;at B.at;to C.in;for D.from;for2. Theres something wrong _my watch. A.in B.with C.at D.about3.The Shanghai Expo opened_May1,2010.(10崇文一模) A.on B. in C.to D.at4.When did Hong Kong return to our motherland? _1997.(10宣武二模) A.On B.In C. At D. For5.Spring is the best season in Beijing. It usually comes_March.(10崇文二模) A. on B.in C.to D.at6. Wheres our library?（10西城二模） Its _ the right side of the teachers office. A. atB. forC. onD. in7.My name is Li Guang. I come _ China.（10通州二模） A. in B. for C. from D. of8. The 29th Olympic Games were held _ August 8th, 2008 in Beijing.（10房山二模）A. toB.in C. on D. at9.We had a wonderful party_the park last night.(10豐臺二模) A.to B.in C.of D.on10.When it rains, I go to school _ bus instead of on foot.（10石景山二模）A. on B. of C. by D. at 11.Its bad manners to laugh_ others when they are in trouble.（10懷柔二模）A. at B. on C. in D. to12.Chinese tigers live _ the south of China.（10大興二模） A. in B. at C. to D. with13.The students are having an English lesson _ their classroom. A. in B. on C. for D. of 14.Fathers Day is_June 21this year. A.at B.in C.on D.to15. How old is Marry ？ Shes fifteen. She was born_1994. A.in B.at C.on D.for16. What have you decided to buy for your mother_Mothers Day? Some flowers Aat Bon Cto Din17.Li Lei often goes to school_7:30 in the morning. A.at B.for C.on D.of18.When are you going to meet your uncle on Sunday morning? _half past seven. A.On B.In C.To D.At19.The plane will arrive in Beijing at 7 oclock_ the morningAof Bon Cat Din 20.Toms family moved to Shanghai_2001.A.at B.in C.of D.on21.We are going to have a meeting at 8oclock_Monday morning. A.on B.in C.for D.at22.We travelled all night to London and got there_Sunday. A.on B.to C.at D.in23.Lingling came to school_7:30 this morning. A.at B.in C.on D.for24.There is an English party_Friday. A.on B.in C.at D.to25.The story which moved us a lot happened_May12th,2008. A.in B.on C.at D.by26.My uncle arrived at the airport_the morning of May 3rd. A.at B.in C.on D.to27.My father was born_September20th,1970. A.at B.in C.of D.on28.Last night I called him_8:30,but he was not in. A.by B.at C.in D.on29.What do you often do after class ? I often play basketball _my friends. A.with B.for C.from D.to30.The plane will arrive in Beijing at 7 oclock_ the morningAof Bon Cat Din 31.My father was born in Beijing_1965. A.at B.in C.of D.on32.When do you usually go to the tennis club? _Sundays. A.To B.At C.In D.On33.When was Shenzhou V1 sent up into space successfully? _2005. A.At B.In C.On D.From34.How long have you studied here? _ two years. Im used to the life here. A. For B. Since C. In D. By35.Fathers Day is_June 22 nd this year. A. in B.at C.on D.to36.Could you tell me when the Olympic Games will start? _the evening of August 8th,2008. A. In B.On C.At D.From37.My brother joined the League_March26,1998. A.in B.on C.at D.from38.We often have P.E. classes_the afternoon. A.at B.in C.of D.on39.My mother studied in Nanjing_five years before she got a job in Beijing. A.on B.between C.from D.for40.Guess, how much does it cost?I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with41.When did your uncle arrive China?He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on42.The food my country is quite different that here. A. in; like B. to; from C. from; to D. in; from43.Tom told me his parents had arrived Beijing. A. atB. onC. inD. to44.Lets play table tennis _ Tuesday morning, shall we?A. on B. in C. to D. at45.-_ the heavy rain, we didnt go camping last Sunday.-What a pity!A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for46.-Can you see some people are waiting _ the library?-Yes, They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.A. around B. inside C. outside47.Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won “China Human Habitat Environment Prize” _ 2008.A. at B. on C. in D. by48.-It is saidthat anewzoo willbe built inour town.-Im_it.Zoosare terrible for animals.A. through B. besides C. against D. except49.Its very important us to make a plan before a new term.Yes. You must try to make it carefully.A. ofB. forC. to D.about50.Look, Tina is waiting _ the bus stop. A. for B. at C. in D. to 51.-Is it polite to speak and laugh loudly _ ?-No, I dont think so.A. in public B. at least C. on time52.Mr. Lin gave the textbooks to all the students _ the ones who had already taken them.A. except B. including C. among D. with53.Einstein, the famous scientist, was born _ March, 1897.A. at B. on C. in D. to54.-Why are you standing there, Maggie?-I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A. behind B. in front of C. beside D. next to55.The young men walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. on B. over C. through D. across56.You Can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud_ yourself and stand tall like a sunflowerAon Bfrom Cof57.Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friend.A. in B. by C. for D. with 58.There is going to be a wonderful party _ the evening of October 1st, 2009.A. in B. on C. at D. for59. A new baby came to the earth _ a sunny winter morning. How nice.A. in B. on C. of D. at60.-When were you born?-I was born _ the morning of May 7th , 1995.A. in B. on C. at 61.What would you like to do _ such a bad boy?A. with B. on C. at D. in62.No hurry.The bus will arrive_ten minutes. A.at B.for C.in D.by63.Where is Wenzhou zoo? Ive no idea.Why not find it_the map? A.at B.for C.of D.on64.Lindas teacher was so mad_her because she made lots of mistakes in the test.A.at B.in C.on D.about65.Mr Smith has bought a large house_a swimming pool. A.in B.with C.of D.at66.Please call hot line_12345 for help if you have any problem. A.under B.at C.as D.in67.Well have a hiking trip,but when shall we meet? Lets make it_half past eight_the moning of June 23. A.at;in B./;on C./;in D.about;by68.I paid 25_the beef,and I only got a little. A.for B.on C.in D.to69.There was an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flew_the room. A.