高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié).doc

高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)（上冊(cè)）重點(diǎn)詞組：1. fond of “喜愛(ài)，愛(ài)好” 接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。例如：Hes fond of swimming. 他喜歡游泳。2. hunt for = look for尋找hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to, so as to 這兩個(gè)詞組都可引導(dǎo)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ), in order to可放于句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to. 如:He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.4. care about1) 喜歡，對(duì)有興趣 = care forShe doesnt care about money.她不喜歡錢(qián)。2）關(guān)心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesnt care about other people.她只考慮自己。她不關(guān)心別人。3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say.這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說(shuō)的話。5. such as 意為“諸如”，“像”，是用來(lái)列舉人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門(mén)科目,像物理、化學(xué)。6. drop * a line 留下便條, 寫(xiě)封短信7、make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無(wú)拘束8、stay up 不睡；熬夜9、come about 引起；發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生（1）How did the accident come about?這場(chǎng)事故是怎么發(fā)生的？10、except for 除之外(包含該事物在內(nèi))11、end up with 以告終；以結(jié)束（1） The party ended up with an English song.聚會(huì)以一首英文歌結(jié)束。12、more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上（1） Ive more or less succeeded, but they havent.我差不多成功了，而他們沒(méi)有。（2） Our living condition has more or less improved.我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。13、bring in 引進(jìn)；引來(lái)；吸收14、get away（from） 逃離（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.我釣到了一條好大的魚(yú)，可是它逃掉了。15、watch out （for）注意；留心Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那個(gè)坑。16、see sb. off 給某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.17、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)等，常說(shuō)on the one hand on the other hand一方面另一方面）18、as well as * (sth)而且He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個(gè)天才的音樂(lè)家。19、take place 發(fā)生 take ones place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sbs place 或take the place of * / sth代替、取代20、on fire 相當(dāng)于burning, 意為“燃燒；著火；起火”，有靜態(tài)的含意。Catch fire有動(dòng)態(tài)的含意。 Set on fire / set fire to 用來(lái)表示“使著火”、“放火燒”。例如： 21、on holiday 在度假，在休假中 22、take off 1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。 2）（飛機(jī)）起飛 24. go wrong v. 走錯(cuò)路, 誤入岐途, (機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障 25. in all adv. 總共 26. stay away v.外出 27. look up 查詢（如賓語(yǔ)為代詞，則代詞放中間） Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。 相關(guān)詞組：look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調(diào)查； look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環(huán)視；look through翻閱，查看。 28、run after追逐，追求 29、on the air廣播 We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以后開(kāi)始廣播。 30、think highly/well/much of對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)很高, 贊賞, 對(duì)印象好 He was highly thought of by the manager.經(jīng)理對(duì)他非常贊賞。 31. leave out 1) 漏掉 You made a mistakeYouve left out a letter “t”.你出錯(cuò)了你漏掉了一個(gè)字母t. 2) 刪掉, 沒(méi)用 I havent changed or left out a thing.我沒(méi)有作出變動(dòng)也沒(méi)有刪掉任何東西。 32. stare at （由于好奇、激動(dòng)等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看 Dont stare at foreigners. Its impolite.不要盯著外國(guó)人看，這樣不禮貌。 33. make jokes about 就說(shuō)笑 45.take over 接管；接替；繼承 Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job). 46. break down 1) 破壞；拆散 The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)據(jù)說(shuō)和談破裂了。 2)（機(jī)器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town. 我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。 3) 失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)打消了。 4) 精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失聲痛哭。 47、get on ones feet 1）站起來(lái);站起來(lái)發(fā)言 2）(=stand on ones feet)自立, 經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立 3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢復(fù), 復(fù)蘇(指企業(yè)) 48、go through 1) 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；遭到 2) 完成；做完 I didnt want to go through college.我不想上完大學(xué)。 3）通過(guò)；批準(zhǔn) The law has gone through Parliament. 議會(huì)已經(jīng)通過(guò)了這項(xiàng)法案。 4）全面檢查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關(guān)他們檢查了我們的行李。重點(diǎn)句型1“So + behave助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的語(yǔ)序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個(gè)成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 例如 Hes tired，and so am I(I m also tired) You can swim，and so can I(I can also swim) 2“So +主語(yǔ)+behave助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂是正常語(yǔ)序，so相當(dāng)于indeed,certainly,表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)前面或?qū)Ψ剿f(shuō)情況的肯定、贊同或證實(shí)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，意思是“確實(shí)如此”。 例如 A：It was cold yesterday昨天很冷。 B：So it was的確如此。(Yes，it was) 3So it is with或 It is the same with句型表示 “(的情況)也是如此?！碑?dāng)前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。 She doesnt play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister. 4、have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困難；接名詞時(shí)，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth. 5、have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握”，“對(duì)有某種程度的了解” He has a good knowledge of London. 他對(duì)倫敦有所了解。 6、must “must have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的猜測(cè)。Must意為“肯定”，語(yǔ)氣很有把握； 1）跟動(dòng)詞原形表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的猜測(cè)； 2）跟be doing表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生事情的猜測(cè)；3）跟have done表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的猜測(cè)。例如： 7、make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。 8、afraid 1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of * / sth 2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth 3) 擔(dān)心會(huì)發(fā)生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause 4) 給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見(jiàn)時(shí), 用Im afraid , 如: Im afraid I cant agree with you. 9、It is adj. to do sth. 這是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的句型，其中to do sth.是主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。 10、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬(wàn)事如意. 我們還可以用may來(lái)表示祝愿: May * do sth如: May you succeed. 11、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。 Where在這里引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語(yǔ)從句），意思是“在地方”。 例如： Where there is smoke, there is fire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪；事出有因。 12. Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語(yǔ)，在使用時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。其他幾個(gè)通常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)表達(dá)特定含義的名詞有： manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個(gè)小男孩很有禮貌。 regards (問(wèn)候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請(qǐng)代我問(wèn)候你父母。 13. “every + 基數(shù)詞 + 時(shí)間/ 距離單位”詞表示“每多少時(shí)間/ 距離”。如： every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時(shí)）類似表達(dá)形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour “每隔一天”的表達(dá)形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day. 14、Modern cellphones are more than just phonesthey are used as cameras and radios, and to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現(xiàn)代的手機(jī)不僅僅是電話機(jī)它們也當(dāng)坐照相機(jī)和收音機(jī)使用，還可以發(fā)送電子郵件和上網(wǎng)。 use A as B 把A用作B。例如： use sth to do sth用某物來(lái)做某事。 15、1) seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有： seem + adj., 如： This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題看似復(fù)雜，其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單。 seem to do I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見(jiàn)過(guò)他。 It seems that, It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。 It seems as if, It seems as if its going to rain.看來(lái)快要下雨了。 2) no matter無(wú)論，不管，后面常跟疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其意相當(dāng)于疑問(wèn)詞后加ever。如 no matter what=wha