小學(xué)英語(yǔ)五大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)_含例句(初中也適用).doc

小學(xué)五大時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞: sometimes=at times有時(shí)，often經(jīng)常, usually通常, always總是, every day每天, on Sunday afternoon在周日下午, five days a week一周五天, three times a month一個(gè)月三次 句子結(jié)構(gòu): 1.有be動(dòng)詞的句子肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+be (am, is, are ) + 其他. eg: I am Chinese. 否定句： 主語(yǔ)+be not +其他. eg: I am not a boy. 一般疑問(wèn)句： Be+主語(yǔ)+其他？ eg: Are you a girl?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？eg: Who are you?2. 有行為動(dòng)詞的句子動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則 1) 一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后面直接加 -s 例如：work-works ,get-gets ,read-reads 2) 以ch, sh, s, x 或 o 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,在后面加 -es例如：go-goes, teach-teaches, wash-washes ,fix -fixesbrush-brushes , catch-catches , do-does 3) 以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 y變?yōu)?i 再加 -es 例如：study- studies, try-tries , carry-carries , fly-flies, cry-cries4) 不規(guī)則變化例如：be is, have-has肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+其他. (三單作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要變形) eg: I (He) often get (gets) up early. 否定句： 主語(yǔ)+dont+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. (三單作主語(yǔ)dont變doesnt) eg: I (She) dont (doesnt) like him.一般疑問(wèn)句： DO+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ (三單作主語(yǔ)do變does) eg: Do (Does) you (she) like playing baseball?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞：now現(xiàn)在, at the moment此刻, look看, listen聽(tīng), keep quiet安靜 現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則：（1） 一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing work -working , sleep - sleeping , study - studying （2） 動(dòng)詞以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，要去e加ing take - taking , make - making , dance - dancing （3） 重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞(輔+元+輔)，要雙寫詞尾字母，再加ing cut - cutting , put - putting , shop - shopping （4） 以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把變成y再加ing lie - lying , tie - tying , die - dying句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句: 主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(ing)+其他. eg: I am reading now.否定句: 主語(yǔ)+be not+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(ing)+其他. eg: I am not working. 一般疑問(wèn)句: Be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他？ eg: Are you sleeping?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？eg: What are you doing?一般將來(lái)時(shí): 將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞:tomorrow明天, next year明年, tonight今晚, this year今年, at the end of this term這學(xué)期期末, from now on從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始, soon一會(huì)兒 馬上, later后 稍后，in three days三天之內(nèi), in the future未來(lái)結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. eg: I will call you later.否定句： 主語(yǔ)+will not +動(dòng)詞原形+其他. eg: I will not go to the park.一般疑問(wèn)句： Will +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他? eg:Will you go shopping with her?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？ Who will you go shopping with?(will 可改為be going to ,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)will可用shall) 肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. eg: I am going to call you later.否定句： 主語(yǔ)+be going to not +動(dòng)詞原形+其他. eg: I am not going to go to the park.一般疑問(wèn)句： Be +主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他? eg: Are you going to go shopping with her?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？eg: What are you going to do?一般過(guò)去時(shí): 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作關(guān)鍵詞:yesterday昨天, last week上周, last year去年, 一段時(shí)間+ago, ten years ago十年前 five hours ago五小時(shí)前, in +年/月，on+具體日期. Just now=a moment ago剛才,in the old days從前, long ago很久以前. 句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句: 主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+其他. eg: I was born on July.1st, 2000.否定句: 主語(yǔ)+was/were not+其他. eg: I was not born in 1999. 一般疑問(wèn)句: Was/were+主語(yǔ)+其他 ?eg: Were you born in January? 或: 肯定句: 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(ed)+其他.eg:Lily went shopping yesterday. 否定句: 主語(yǔ)+did not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. eg: He did not go to school today. 一般疑問(wèn)句: Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?eg:Did she pass the test? 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成有四條規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)(輔+元+輔)，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需特殊記憶。如：am/is-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have/has-had等。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 過(guò)去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志時(shí)間（具體到過(guò)去的某個(gè)點(diǎn)）：如:at ten oclock yesterday morning, at this moment last Sunday上周日的這個(gè)時(shí)候. 句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞ing+其他eg: I was doing my homework at 8 oclock yesterday evening.否定句： 主語(yǔ)+was/were not +動(dòng)詞i