2019屆浙江省新高考英語寫作基礎(chǔ)能力練習(xí)講義必修一unit3(三)(word版)-word.doc

一、詞匯講解課本、報刊雜志中的成語、名言警句等俯首皆是,但學(xué)生寫作文運(yùn)用到文章中的甚少,即使運(yùn)用也很難做到恰如其分。為什么?還是沒有徹底“記死”的緣故。要解決這個問題,方法很簡單,每天花3-5分鐘左右的時間記一條成語、一則名言警句即可?？梢詫懺诤蠛诎宓摹胺e累專欄”上每日一換,可以在每天課前的3分鐘讓學(xué)生輪流講解,也可讓學(xué)生個人搜集,每天往筆記本上抄寫,教師定期檢查等等。這樣,一年就可記300多條成語、300多則名言警句,日積月累,終究會成為一筆不小的財富。這些成語典故“貯藏”在學(xué)生腦中,自然會出口成章,寫作時便會隨心所欲地“提取”出來,使文章增色添輝。 2018 年浙江省新高考寫作基礎(chǔ)能力練習(xí)講義 必修一 unit3 part3第 10 頁1. stubborn adj. 頑固的，固執(zhí)的;頑強(qiáng)的或有決心的;堅持的;棘手的 比較級： stubborner 最高級： stubbornest與當(dāng)今“教師”一稱最接近的“老師”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元時期。金代元好問示侄孫伯安詩云：“伯安入小學(xué)，穎悟非凡貌，屬句有夙性，說字驚老師。”于是看，宋元時期小學(xué)教師被稱為“老師”有案可稽。清代稱主考官也為“老師”，而一般學(xué)堂里的先生則稱為“教師”或“教習(xí)”?？梢?，“教師”一說是比較晚的事了。如今體會，“教師”的含義比之“老師”一說，具有資歷和學(xué)識程度上較低一些的差別。辛亥革命后，教師與其他官員一樣依法令任命，故又稱“教師”為“教員”。 【派生詞】stubbornly adv. 倔強(qiáng)地，頑強(qiáng)地，頑固地宋以后，京師所設(shè)小學(xué)館和武學(xué)堂中的教師稱謂皆稱之為“教諭”。至元明清之縣學(xué)一律循之不變。明朝入選翰林院的進(jìn)士之師稱“教習(xí)”。到清末，學(xué)堂興起，各科教師仍沿用“教習(xí)”一稱。其實“教諭”在明清時還有學(xué)官一意，即主管縣一級的教育生員。而相應(yīng)府和州掌管教育生員者則謂“教授”和“學(xué)正”?！敖淌凇薄皩W(xué)正”和“教諭”的副手一律稱“訓(xùn)導(dǎo)”。于民間，特別是漢代以后，對于在“?！被颉皩W(xué)”中傳授經(jīng)學(xué)者也稱為“經(jīng)師”。在一些特定的講學(xué)場合，比如書院、皇室，也稱教師為“院長、西席、講席”等。 【派生詞】stubbornness noun U 倔強(qiáng)，頑強(qiáng);牛性;牛脾氣;犟勁2. organizev. 組織;安排;規(guī)劃;建立組織【派生詞】organizer-iser n.組織者，編制者，發(fā)起人;生形成體;口公文柜，（分類記事 的）備忘記事簿;計整理器【派生詞】organization n. 組織;機(jī)構(gòu);團(tuán)體；【派生詞】organizational adj. 組織的;編制的3. determinevt.& vi.（使）下決心，（使）做出決定( on sth/to do sth 決定，決心（做某事） ) vt. 決定，確定;判定，判決;使決定;限定vi. 主用于法律了結(jié)，終止，結(jié)束【派生詞】determination n. 決心;決定，確定;物測定，計算【派生詞】determinedadj. 確定的;堅定的;毅然的v. 確定;決定;（使）下決心，（使）做出決定( determine 的過去式和過去分詞);使決定【派生詞】determinedly adv. 堅決地;堅定地;斷然地;決然地4. journey （Journey to the West 西游記 ）n. 旅行，旅程行期;歷程，過程vi. 旅行，出游vt. 在旅行或旅行到過【近義詞辯詞】1) journey 指經(jīng)由陸路、空路或海路，從一地到另一地的旅程，如：a journey of over 2, 000 miles （2, 000 多英里的旅程）。表示旅行到某個地方用 journey，這是文雅的用法：The nights became colder as they journeyed north（他們北上的過程中，夜晚變得越來越冷）。2) voyage 通常指乘船或乘坐飛行器進(jìn)行的長途旅行：the voyage to the moon in 1972（1972年的登月之旅）。3) trip 通常指短期逗留的往返旅程：a business trip to Milan（到米蘭出差）。注意，trip 用作 動詞時含義不同。4) excursion 指 短 途 的 觀 光 游 覽 或 有 其 他 目 的 的 短 途 旅 行 ： The tourist office organizes excursions to the palace of Knossos（旅游局組織去克諾索斯王宮觀光游覽）。5) travel 泛指旅行的行為而非某次具體的旅行，用復(fù)數(shù)形式時多指到遠(yuǎn)方作長期旅行或旅 游，不強(qiáng)調(diào)直接目的地。例如：a record of her travels in the Far East 她在遠(yuǎn)東游歷的記錄6) tour 旅游，觀光。指以游樂為目的、最后返回出發(fā)地的觀光游覽，途中走訪數(shù)個不同地 點，距離可長可短。例如：He has gone on a tour to Europe.他到歐洲旅游去了。5. mind 短語1) bear/keep sb./sth. in mind； bear/keep in mind that【雙語解釋】 將記在心中；記起；考慮to remember sb./sth.; to remember or consider that2) be/go out of your mind【雙語解釋】 心智失常；發(fā)瘋to be unable to think or behave in a normal way; to become crazy【例句】(informal) Youre lending them money? You must be out of your tiny mind!你要把錢借給他們？你真是瘋到家了。3) have it in mind to do sth.【雙語解釋】 (formal) 打算做某事 to intend to do sth.4) have a mind of your own【雙語解釋】 有主見；能自作決定to have your own opinion.Make your own decisions without being influenced by other people【例句】She has a mind of her own and isnt afraid to say what she thinks.她有主見，并且敢于表達(dá)自己的觀點。(humorous) My computer seems to have a mind of its own!我的電腦好像也有它自己的想法！5) lose your mind【雙語解釋】 發(fā)瘋；神經(jīng)錯亂to become mentally ill6) make up your mind/make your mind up【雙語解釋】 做出決定；下定決心 to decide sth.【例句】Theyre both beautifulI cant make up my mind.兩個都很漂亮我難以決定。Youll never persuade him to stayhis minds made up (= he has definitely decided to go) .你根本無法勸他留下來他已經(jīng)拿定主意了。Come onits make your mind up time !嗨！你該作出決定了！7) put/get sth. out of your mind【雙語解釋】 不再想；有意忘記to stop thinking about sb/sth; to deliberately forget sb/sth【例句】I just cant get her out of my mind.我就是忘不掉她。8) put sb in mind of sb/sth【雙語解釋】(old-fashioned) 使某人想起to make sb think of sb/sth; to remind sb of sb/sth9) put/set sbs mind at ease/rest【雙語解釋】 安慰；寬解；使寬心to do or say sth. to make sb stop worrying about sth.10) set your mind on sth.【雙語解釋】 集中精力做；下決心做to decide you want to achieve sth. and give this all your attention【例句】She could have been a brilliant pianist if shed put her mind to it.如果她專心致志，堅持到底，她本可以成為一名杰出的鋼琴家。11) blow your mind【雙語解釋】(informal) 使某人興奮（或吃驚）to produce a very strong pleasant or shocking feeling【例句】Wait till you hear this. Itll blow your mind.等著聽聽這個吧。它會讓你大感意外的。12) change your/sbs mind【雙語解釋】 改變決定（或看法、主意）to change a decision or an opinion【例句】Nothing will make me change my mind.什么都不能讓我改變主意。13) cross your mind【雙語解釋】(of thoughts, etc. 想法等) 掠過心頭；出現(xiàn)在腦海to come into your mind同義詞： occur to sb.【例句】It never crossed my mind that she might lose (= I was sure that she would win) .我從來沒想過她會失敗。14) have/keep an open mind (about/on sth.)【雙語解釋】 愿意聆聽（或接受）意見；（對）不懷成見；思想開明 to be willing to listen to or accept new ideas or suggestions15) open your/sbs mind to sth.【雙語解釋】（使人）思想開闊，意識到某事to become or make sb. aware of new ideas or experiencespush sth. to the back of your mind 刻意忘掉（不愉快的事）；把丟到腦后to try to forget about sth. unpleasant【例句】I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind.我盡量把這個念頭忘掉。16) out of sight, out of mind【雙語解釋】(saying) 眼不見，心不想used to say sb. will quickly be forgotten when they are no longer with you17) slip your mind【雙語解釋】 被遺忘if sth. slips your mind , you forget it or forget to do it18) stick in your mind【雙語解釋】(of a memory, an image, etc. 往事、形象等) 經(jīng)久不忘；銘記在心to be remembered for a long time【例句】One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind.他有一幅畫我記得特別清楚。6. give 短語give away1.贈送；捐贈2.喪失，失去，錯失（優(yōu)勢）3.泄露（秘密）4.使露出真面目5.（基督教婚禮上）將（新娘）交給新郎give back歸還；退還give in1.認(rèn)輸；承認(rèn)做不到2.屈從；讓步give off釋放，放出，發(fā)出（氣體、熱量、氣味等）give out1.釋放，放出，發(fā)出（氣體、熱量、氣味等）2.分發(fā)；散發(fā)3.公開，宣布（消息等）4.（設(shè)備或身體部位）停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，停止運(yùn)行g(shù)ive over to/give up to專門用于give up1.放棄；戒除2.認(rèn)輸；放棄3.辭去（工作）4.讓出5.自首；投案give up on對絕望；對不抱希望詞匯練習(xí) 一、單詞拼寫1.The first and most sproblem was that of reductions in the number of aircraft. 2.He kept on drunning despite an injured toe.3.I couldnt tell if his refusal to talk was simple s.4. Most of these specialized schools are provided by voluntary o.5. Advanced methods and techniques in oand managerial research, including aspects of operations research and data processing.6. The size of the chicken pieces will d the cooking time7. She has jon horseback through Africa and Turkey.8. I had obtained the authentic details about the birth of the o. 9.Ive always been fond of poetry and one piece has always s in my mind. 10.Its that kind of courage and d that makes him such a remarkable character.二、選詞填空crossed his mind;put. mind to;stick in your mind;change your mind; made up . minds;out of mind;open your mind to;set .mind on;put . mind at ease; slip your mind;bear in mind;have an open mind;changed my mind;blow your mind;1. I was going to vote for him, but Iand voted for Reagan 2.It had neverthat there might be a problem.3.You could do fine in the world if youit. 4.Practically using vocabulary can help it .5.This way, nothing willduring the morning rush. 6.Problems, once they are out of sight are.7. When youimpossible, you will find the truth.8. In order to develop a sense of humor, one mustand the ability to deal with unpleasant events and people.9. If you are flexible, you can, your plans and the direction of your life.10. .I am sure you will succeed in whatever youdoing.11. .Our family doctorwhen he told her he felt I would not have any major medical concerns.12. Now Im going toa woman always knows what youre thinking. 13.Have youwhere to go for your honeymoon?14.We mustthese lessons paid for with blood.2.give in;give in to;give away;give out;give off;give up;1. His teachers seem to haveon him.2. The Chinese people will neverthe disaster. 3.After a week on the run heto the police.4. Hemost of his money to charity.5. After a month their food supplies. They need to figured out a way to cope with the problem.6. We all fell in love with Mr. White garden , where the flowersa fragrant perfume.7. Wedhope of ever winning the competition.8. It was supposed to be a surprise but the children gave the game. 9.My family insisted that I should not, but stay and fight10.All children in our class was educated totheir seats to people in need. 11.He often came to check their studies andnew assignments.翻譯練習(xí) 練習(xí)一：根據(jù)所給中文提示填寫空白處1.His face was set in.(固執(zhí)堅定的表情)2.His( 始終不愿接受任何新事物)eventually wore out the patience of his superiors3. He(固執(zhí)地拒絕)to tell her how he had come to be in such a state.4. I finally(放棄了我的固執(zhí))and visited unexpectedly. 5.Never let your persistence and passion( 變 成 固 執(zhí)和無知).6.Well(組織一些學(xué)生參加)the basketball team. 7.Tom(具有組織的能力), coordinate and supervise staff.8. Id like to let you know that(你是一個天生的組織領(lǐng) 導(dǎo)者).9. I am aware that(該書的編排還有 待改進(jìn)).10. .I have gone through the training of team spirit, and I have (一定的組織管理能力).11.(她的幽默言談和堅定決心)were a source of inspiration to others.12. This timewas unshakable. (他是鐵了心要走)13. The exact quantity cannot(目前尚不能確定).14. (他們決意回到) the land of their forefathers. 15.If the love becomes to the bitter wine,(就毅然地放下 執(zhí)著).16.My films( 試圖描述一個自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的心靈之 旅), both for myself and the watcher.17.She reached Karachi on Monday evening,(這段行程耗時)three days and nine hours練習(xí)二：中譯英1.我對付不了那個孩子，他很固執(zhí)。2.她怎么都不肯付錢。3.失業(yè)率居高不下。4.我愛你的勇氣，你的固執(zhí)。5.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)組織更多的社交活動。6.他很有組織才能。7.我認(rèn)為是時候組織起來了。8.警方收集到了大量關(guān)于該組織的有用信息。9.我有良好的管理技巧和組織能力。10.我的目標(biāo)首先是要確定自己下一步該做什么。11.關(guān)鍵在于要有決心和信心。12.我們定下決心，要在元旦前完成這項工作。13.他是個有決心有毅力的人。14.堅定向前行動以您的計劃。15.這次旅行給他們留下了良好的印象。16.我們的旅客一路上的行為讓人很難解釋。參考答案： 一、單詞拼寫stubborn;determinedly; stubbornness; organizations; organizational; determine; journeyed; organization; stuck; determination二、選詞填空1. changed my mind; crossed his mind; put your mind to; stick in your mind; slip your mind; out of mind; open your mind to; have an open mind; change your mind; set your mind on; put her mind at ease; blow your mind; made up your minds; bear in mind2. given up; give in to; gave himself up; gave away; gave out; gave off; given up; away; give in; give up; give out三、中譯英練習(xí)練習(xí)一1. His face was set in an expression of stubborn determination.他臉上流露出固執(zhí)堅定的表情。2. His stubborn resistance to anything new eventually wore out the patience of his superiors他始終不愿接受任何新事物，最終讓上司失去了耐心。3. He stubbornly refused to tell her how he had come to be in such a state.他固執(zhí)地拒絕告訴她自己是如何淪落到這種地步的。4. I finally gave up my stubbornness and visited unexpectedly.我終于放棄了我的固執(zhí)，并參觀了意外。5. Never let your persistence and passion turn into stubbornness and ignorance.永遠(yuǎn)不要讓你的堅持和激情變成固執(zhí)和無知。6. Well organize some students into the basketball team.我們將組織一些學(xué)生參加籃球隊。7. Ability to organize, coordinate and supervise staff.具有組織，協(xié)調(diào)和管理職工的能力。8. Id like to let you know that you were a natural born organizer.你是一個天生的組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。9. I am aware that the organization of the book leaves something to be improved.我知道該書的編排還有待改進(jìn)。10. .I have gone through the training of team spirit, and I have a certain organizational manageme- nt capabilities.這種經(jīng)歷培養(yǎng)了我的團(tuán)隊合作精神，并讓我具有一定的組織管理能力。11. Her humour and determination were a source of inspiration to others.她的幽默言談和堅定決心對其他人來說是一種鼓舞。12. This time his determination to leave was unshakable.他這次是鐵了心要走。13. The exact quantity cannot be determined at present.確切數(shù)量目前尚不能確定。14. They were determined to go back to the land of their forefathers.他們決意回到祖先的土地上。15. .If the love becomes to the bitter wine, and put down determinedly.如果愛已變成苦酒，就毅然地放下執(zhí)著。16. My films try to describe a journey of discovery, both for myself and