14單元知識(shí)歸納

14單元知識(shí)歸納 14單元知識(shí)梳理. 一、知識(shí)點(diǎn).1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成have/has+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句主語(yǔ)（第一，二人稱(chēng)單復(fù)數(shù)，第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞.主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1）表示一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的，可以細(xì)分為下列兩種情況a.表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束，常和just,now,already,yet等連用。 如，I havefinished myhomework now.現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了。 b.表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作的結(jié)果現(xiàn)在仍殘留著，一般不和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 如I havelost mypen.我把鋼筆弄丟了。 2）表繼續(xù)。 如I havelived heresince1989.與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用3）yet,already:yet用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。 Already主要用于肯定句中，用于疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)常表示驚訝。 yet常放在句尾，也可以緊跟在not的后面，而already則常放在句中。 3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別兩種時(shí)態(tài)都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，對(duì)產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，影響等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則只表示的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。 表示過(guò)去固定時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)只能與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用，而不能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 表示過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday,last week,a weekago,on Friday,just now,in theevening,the otherday。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since Monday,until now,for a long time,since I came here,since lastweek,up tonow,lately,recently.4look for,find,find out,search:look for表示“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的。 2）find表示“找到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)。 3）find out表示“”之意，指經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查，觀(guān)察，詢(xún)問(wèn)或研究等手段發(fā)現(xiàn)或找到。 4）search是指對(duì)某一處所，人身進(jìn)行搜查或指尋找想找的人或物，后面可以接介詞，但比look for語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)些。 5go on的其他用法go on意思為“繼續(xù)”時(shí)，有下列幾種用法1）go onsth.意思為“繼續(xù)做某事”2）go onsth意思為“繼續(xù)做（另一件事）3）go onsth有時(shí)與go ondoing互換使用，意思為“繼續(xù)做某事”=。 6in the last/past+數(shù)字+名詞表示“在過(guò)去的.時(shí)間里”，常用于的句子中。 7get back意思為“取回”；get back意思為“回來(lái)”，相當(dāng)于. 二、短語(yǔ)1clean out2some day=one day3be off=go away4so far5thousands ofhundreds ofmillions oftwo hundredpeople6go for a walkhave a walk with sb7thanks to sb thanksb fordoing sth8pack sth/your clothes9buy/have acity map/street map10take/have abath bathing suit11a suitof clothes12travel guidebook13clean outthe refrigerator/cupboard cleanup thepark14put sthin(to)?15store sthin?16put sthin the garage lock/open thegarage17water flower18put sthin thesuitcase19chop wood/trees cutsth down20light the fire for breakfast lightn.lighting lighter21collect thewater fromthe welldrink fromthe well22live/work onthe farm23sail across the ocean24the Pacificocea25make ahit CD/movie26appear on TV showup27lead singer/actor leadsb to do sth28write apoem29Its ones turnto do sth.dosthin turnsturn right/left30look forones familiesroots insearch ofroots thetall treeof longroots31overseas Chinese32local government33in southernChina=in thesouth ofChina34the purposeof sth/doing sth35step bystep36look forwardsto doing sth37get back to+地點(diǎn)get backtosb=answer theletter=reply tosb38do chores=do thehousework havemany choresto do39do somecleaning/reading dosome shopping=go shopping40chat to/withsb41start/begin ding/to dosth42tell sbabout sth43feed theanimals44in a minute=immediately=at once=right away/now inaminute=for/after awhite45be/get for sth/doingsth46write originalsongs47win anaward ofany kind 三、.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示，完成單詞。 1.Ic_for along timewith mygrandfather onthe phoneyesterday.2.Be o_the lake.Its toodangerous.3.When mygrandfather wasa kid,he hadto getup at5am andc_wood andl_thefireforbreakfast.4.They gavethe moneyto acharity forh_children.5.My auntowns afarm andshe hasmany animalsto f_.6.Some peopleoften goto places of interestfors_.7.He hasparked hiscar in theg_.8.Please p_everything necessarybefore youtravel.9.The newbathings_on youis reallycheap andbeautiful.10.R_are usedfor keepingfood fresh.11.Have youpacked theb_suits?We aregoing toswim inthe river.12.We uset_to washour facesevery day.13.How longhave you been am_of theclub?14.C_wood ishard work.Most girlscant doit well.15.She b_getting plentyof exerciseis goodfor herhealth.16.A famoussinger willa_onTVtonight.17.People droveaw_to waterthe crops.18.Who isplaying thel_intheTV play?19.Li Baiwas famousfor hisp_.20.Hes lookingf_to hisbirthday present.21.Robert isa ChineseCanadian.He_(live)in Canadafor15years.22.We oftenwatch Mr.Wang_(water)the flowersin hisgarden inthe afternoon.23.Im lookingforward to_(go)to thecountryside tosee mygrandparents duringthe wintervacation.24.He decidedto gofora trip in_(south)China.25.Every year,thousands ofoverseas Chinesestudents came to Chinato lookfor their_(family)roots. 四、.選擇填空。 ()1.I have_things to do.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.so many()2.Have youfinished your homework_?_Not_.Ill needanother hour.A.already;already B.ever;already C.yet;already D.yet;yet()3.Look!There isno grassand nosoil in_this area.What asad_!Yes,we havetodosomething tochange it.A.situation B.show C.scene D.chore()4.Could youtalk about_?Sure.Id loveto.A.other somethingB.else somethingC.something elseD.everything else()5.May Ispeak toDave,please?Sorry.Hes_England.A.gone toB.gone inC.been toD.been in()6.Did yourfather smokea lot?No,he didnt.But he_that.A.used todo B.used to doing C.was usedtodoD.was usedtodoing()7._to turn off alllights beforeyou_leave theoffice.I wont forget,Ms Si.A.Until B.Be sureC.Because D.Though()8.I missedthe wonderfulfootball matchlast night._.A.Dont worryB.Its nothingC.What apity D.Dont saythat()9.In thelast twoyears,they_three majorconcerts.A.have madeB.had hadC.made D.have()10.They are_a greatstart.A.to off B.off toC.away toD.out to()11.Do Ineed_the roomnow?A.to beclean B.clean C.to cleanD.cleaning()12.He wantedto_atripto Europe,but hefailed.A.break B.fight C.hit D.win()13.Mike!Please_your drawer.Its verydirty.A.clean outB.make outC.go outD.get out()14.How Iwish Icould flyto themoon_!A.some daysB.some dayD.sometimes D.some times()15.He_to Beijingin2000and he_there formore thaneight years.A.went;has goneB.has gone;has beenC.went;has beenD.has been;has gone()16.Ms Sihas taughtin thisschool_1997.A.from B.after C.in D.since()17.It wasa_sight.We wereall_to tears.A.moved;moved B.moving;moved C.moved;moving D.moving;moving()18.She wasthelastperson to.She wantedto findsomeone to.A.leave;talk withB.leave for;talk withC.leave;talk D.leave for;talk（）19.Dont forget_the lightswhen you_leave theclassroom.A.to turnoffB.to turnon C.turning offD.turning on（）20.We haveworked forthree hours.Now lets stop_a rest.A.had B.have C.to haveD.having（）21.Where isMr.Allen?_He_America onbusiness.He_back ina month.A.has goo;es B.has been to;will beC.has goo;will beD.has beento;will e（）22.Mrs.Smith is_woman.A.a eighty-year-old B.an eighty-year-old C.an eighty-years-old D.a eighty-years-old 五、.將下列句子改寫(xiě)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 1.She wentto Beijingyesterday.(already)She_to Beijingalready.2.Did hedo anythingtoday?(yet)_he_anything_?3.We saweach othertwo daysago.(since)We_each other_two days_.4.What ishe doingnow?(these days)What_he_these days? 六、閱讀下面的短文，然后用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式及since或for填空。 Thirteen-year-old RonnieSegal1(love)math2(since/for)he wasa littleboy.“I3(be)interested innumbers4(since/for)nine years,five months,three weeks,and twodays,”says Ronnie.5(Since/For)the pastyears,Ronnie6(attend)graduate-level classesat theuniversity.He7(not do)badly.8(Since/For)January he9(take)five examsand10(not get) (10)a gradeof lessthan100on anyof them.11(Since/For)Ronnie beganclasses,he12(meet)an averageof1,324people amonth.And hisfuture?Young Ronnie13(not think)about itfor years.He14(know)it15(since/for)he wasa littleboy thathe isgoing tobee afamous sportsannouncer,get marriedand haveexactly twokids.七.根據(jù)所給對(duì)話(huà)情景，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿蓪?duì)話(huà)，通順（其中有兩項(xiàng)多。 A.Is the dam beginningto work?B.But Ihavent beenthere yet.C.Dont worry.D.Is ithard tobuild thedam?E.Where haveyoubeen?F.Its reportedthat ithas changeda lot.G.Well seea newThree Gorgesthen.Laura:Hi,Wu Jing!Havent seenyou foralongtime!_ (1)Wu Jing:Ive justbeento the Three Gorges(三峽).Laura:Really?_ (2)Wu Jing:Right.As youknow,weve builta greatdam(壩)acrosstheChangjiang River.Laura:_ (3)Wu Jing:Yes,thedamis stoppingwater thesedays.And thewater isrising2meters everyday untilit is135meters high.Laura:Oh,no wonder(難怪)its said that thebeautiful sceneryof Kuimenwill beunder water.What apity!Wu Jing:_ (4)It hasbeen copiedin anotherplace withsome otherplacesofinterest.Laura:Great!I wantto gototheThreeGorgesthis summer.Would youlike togo therewith meagain?Wu Jing:Id loveto!_ (5)八.根據(jù)短文大意，用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)填空。 Jean isan overseasChinese wholives inEngland.She_(tell)that Guangzhouis herancestorshomeland whenshe was12years old.Since then,she_(look)forward togetting achance tovisit Guangzhou.In July,xx,she waslucky enoughto takepart inthe InSearch ofRoots summercamp programwhich_(organize)by thelocal governmentof Guangdongprovince.After fivehoursflight,Jean andher family_(get)to GuangzhouAirport.Then theytook ataxi totheir ancestorsvillage.During thefollowing two-week camp,they enjoyedthemselves becausepeople intheir ancestorsvillage werevery friendlyand helpful.They saidthat they_(e)backtovisit themnext yearif theygot achance again. 九、.完形填空。 Have youever planteda fewtrees onTree PlantingDay?Each year,millions ofpeople,both_ (1),plant alot oftrees.But thismay notbe thebest wayto makeyourhomea_ (2)place.Last weekwe visiteda parkin Hebei.We were_ (3)to findmost of the treeshad beenburned.The workerstold usthat the trees_ (4)soon afterthey wereplanted becausethey werent wateredwell enough._ (5)workers burnedthem andcleaned theplace for_ (6)trees tobe plantedthis year._ (7)a cardfound inone oft