10種食物最不衛(wèi)生.doc

生蠔污垢：生蠔含有諾羅病毒(存在于海洋中的病原體)、彎曲桿菌和弧菌，從而導(dǎo)致腹瀉。超市避免方式：購買經(jīng)過著名廚師處理過的生蠔。家用避免方式：很簡單，只要吃熟的蠔就可以了。如果你一定要吃生蠔，要仔細閱讀購買建議。雞肉污垢：經(jīng)過對484只肉用仔雞的研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，有42%的被彎曲桿菌感染，12%的被沙門氏菌感染。而最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國每人每年食用70磅(35公斤)的雞肉，比食用的牛肉、豬肉和土雞都多。超市避免方式：選擇那些自由放養(yǎng)場養(yǎng)的雞。這些雞棲息的場所更大，一次屠宰的數(shù)量也少，所以安全性較高。家用避免方式：為了避免食品中毒，在將生肉買回之后，先用清水泡一下，而不是直接將其放在烤碟里。這個捷徑可以避免雞肉和其他食物帶來的感染。在切肉的時候，記得清洗刀子和案板。碎牛肉污垢：對漢堡包中的肉的調(diào)查后發(fā)現(xiàn)，其含有53%的產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭菌，30%的葡萄狀球菌，12%的李氏桿菌。超市避免方式：在超市的時候選擇那些經(jīng)過輻射處理的碎牛肉，一般包裝上會印有經(jīng)過輻射處理的標(biāo)志。家用避免方式：在牛肉中加入新鮮的牛至油可以防止大腸桿菌的滋生。哈密瓜污垢：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有3.5%的哈密瓜中含有沙門氏菌和至賀菌(人與人之間可以傳染)。因為一般都是生吃哈密瓜，所以細菌會直接進入你的腸內(nèi)。超市避免方式：買整個哈密瓜，因為切開的瓜很容易使細菌進入。家用避免方式：吃瓜之前在自來水下面用清潔液清洗15到30秒，確保你買的刷子只用來清洗蔬菜和水果，否則會引起交叉感染。雞蛋污垢：雖然巴氏消毒法已經(jīng)使雞蛋中的沙門氏菌量降到很低，但雞蛋中仍有細菌。選擇熟透的雞蛋而不是沒有完全熟的煎蛋。超市避免方式：留意裝雞蛋的紙板箱，只要找到經(jīng)過高溫消毒的字樣即可，還有有效期。檢查每個雞蛋看有沒有 裂縫，因為細菌很容易從裂縫中鉆進去。家用避免方式：把雞蛋放在其紙盒里，然后放在冰箱里最涼快的地方。打過雞蛋后，記得洗手。事先包好的萵筍污垢：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有11%的食物中毒都是由事先包好的萵筍引起。超市避免方式：由保鮮膜包起來的萵筍并不是沒有病原體，可以選擇散裝的蔬菜。蔥污垢：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，蔥里含有寄生物隱孢子蟲、至賀菌和沙門氏菌。超市避免方式：購買冰凍的蔥，因為室內(nèi)的環(huán)境很容易滋生細菌。家用避免方式：將水龍頭開到最大來清洗污垢，清洗的時候剝?nèi)ナ[的外皮。碎土雞肉污垢：這是潛在的一種最臟的家禽肉。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有1/4的碎土雞肉含有李斯桿菌、彎曲桿菌、梭菌或是三者的結(jié)合。超市避免方式：選擇有機土雞。在結(jié)賬的時候，用專用的裝肉的帶子放置土雞肉。家用避免方式：改變關(guān)于家禽的心態(tài)。想象這些家禽是被污染的，用高溫消毒并清洗放置過生土雞肉的碟子，用紙巾擦拭，不要用海綿。桃子污垢：為了使桃子的表面看起來光滑潔凈，在收獲桃子的幾周之前，農(nóng)民會給桃子上撒農(nóng)藥。據(jù)報告，在桃子到達消費者的時候，其表面已經(jīng)覆蓋了9層的農(nóng)藥。超市避免方式：用貼有有機標(biāo)志的袋子裝桃子和其他的水果。家用避免方式：很多商品上面會有一層蠟來保持農(nóng)藥的作用，所以用海綿或刷子洗掉這層蠟即可。冷盤污垢：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，冷盤可以很容易引起李氏桿菌，因為李氏桿菌更容易在寒冷的環(huán)境中滋生。超市避免方式：避免選擇熟食店的冷盤。家用避免方式：在三明治上面涂上芥末，因為它可以在2小時之內(nèi)殺死90%的李氏桿菌、大腸桿菌和沙門氏菌。家用避免方式：在吃之前，將萵筍的每片葉子都在自來水下清洗干凈OystersDirt:oysterscontainnorovirus(present in the oceanof pathogens),Campylobacter andVibrio,causing diarrhea. The supermarketto avoid:buyafter thefamous cheftreated oysters.Hometo avoidmode: very simple,as long asyou caneat cookedoysters.If youmust eatoysters,should carefully read the purchaserecommendations.ChickenDirt:through the study of484broilerwas found,with 42% ofCampylobacter infection,12%were Salmonellainfection.The latestsurvey found,USAconsumption per person per yearto 70 pounds(35 kilograms)of chicken,more thanbeef,pork andchicken.The supermarketto avoid:choose thosefree rangechickens.Thesechickenroostingplacemore,aslaughterquantity is less,so thehigher security. Hometo avoid:in order to avoidfoodpoisoning,afterthe raw meatto buy back,first with waterbubble look,rather than directly toput on thebakingdish.Thisway canavoid chicken andotherfoodborneinfection.In thecarvingtime,remember to washthe knifeandchopping board.Minced beefDirt:investigation of thehamburgerin themeatafter the discovery,Clostridium perfringenswhich contains 53%,30%Staphylococcus aureus,12%Listeria monocytogenes. The supermarketto avoid:choose thoseirradiatedbeefinthe supermarket,general packagingwill be printed onthelogofor radiation processing.Hometo avoid:add freshoreganooilin beefcan prevent E.coligrowth.Hami melonDirt: the study found that,there are 3.5%meloncontainsSalmonellaandShigella(between person and person caninfect).Because in general areeaten freshmelon,sobacteria candirectly intoyour intestines.Methods:thesupermarketto avoidbuycantaloupe,becausecutmelon is veryeasy to make bacteria into the. Hometo avoid:eat melonbeforewaterbelowusing the cleaning liquidto clean 15to 30 seconds,make sure youbuy abrushforcleaningfruits and vegetables,otherwise it will cause thecross infection. EggDirt:Althoughpasteurization hastheSalmonellacontentin eggreduced to very low,but theeggstillbacteria.ChoosingripeeggnotfullycookedFried Eggs.The supermarket:pay attention toavoideggcartons,as long asthewords can befoundthrough high temperature sterilization,and theperiod of validity.Check eacheggto see if there is nocrack,becausethe bacteria can easilygetin through the cracks.Hometo avoid:put the egg inthebox,and then placed in the refrigerator,the mostcool place.Beategg,wash your hands.PDirt: the study found that,11% of thefood poisoningwascaused byprepackedlettuce.The supermarketto avoid:wrapwraplettuceandnopathogens,can choose thebulk of vegetables.OnionDirt:the study found,onions containparasiteCryptosporidium,andShigellaand salmonella.The supermarketto avoid:buyfrozenonion,because the indoorenvironment is very easy to breed bacteria. Hometo avoid:thefaucet the largest opento clean dirt,when cleaningskinpeelingonions.Broken soilchickenDirt: This is one of the mostdirtypoultrypotential.The study found,1/4 of thesoil crushingchickenwith Li Sicoli,Campylobacter,Clostridiumor a combination of the three.Avoid:choose organicchickensupermarket.At the end of the day,with a specialloadingtapeplacedground chickenmeat.Hometo avoid:changeabout poultrymentality.Imagine thesepoultryispolluted,for high temperature disinfectionandcleaningplacedoverearthchickendishes,wipe with a tissue,sponge withdont.PeachDirt:in order to makepeachappearssmooth and clean,ina few weeks beforeharvestpeach,peach farmers willsprinklepesticide.According to the report,to the consumerwhen thepeach,the surfacehas been coveredpesticide 9layer.The supermarketavoidway: using thelabeledorganic logobagpeach andother fruits.Hometo avoid:many commoditieswill be abovea layer of waxto keepthe role of pesticides,sowashspongeor brushthislayer of wax. Cold dishDirt:the study found,coldcan be easilycaused byListeria monocytogenes,because List