研究生英語多維教程熟諳課后題答案.doc

Book II Unit 1A. 1. assess2. alliance3. outcome4. ethical5. identity6. ambiguous7. tolerable8. participates9. pursuit10. constructiveB.1. at stake2. were obliged3. the climate of4. feel well-equipped5. beyond my grasp6. cut back7. other than8. rise above9. care about10. is boundedC.1. incompetent2. indulgence3. migrants4. probes5. complex6. suspense; engaged7. compassionate; committed8. tolerant9. tempted10. interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10. B. simplerE.1. what2. graduation3. intend4. getting5. eventually6. survey7. although8. graduates9. transfer10. rise11. attending12. instead13. cause14. because15. attending16. below17. failure18. expectations19. confidence20. educationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.湯說過，一切進步，一切發(fā)展均來自挑戰(zhàn)及由此引起的反應。沒有挑戰(zhàn)就沒有反應，沒有發(fā)展，沒有自由。所以，我們首先應該在我們孩子的能力允許的范圍內(nèi)為他們開設最嚴格最富有挑戰(zhàn)性的課程。 2.我們可以向我們的孩子提供第二個機會是允許他們有失敗的權(quán)力。德.紐伊寫道：“不僅是一種特權(quán)，也是一種考驗?！比绻麤]有人可以失敗，那它算什么考驗，算什么自由呢？美國可以向所有在高中讀者完四年課程而不管其是否取得任何明顯收獲的學生發(fā)放畢業(yè)文憑的日子已經(jīng)一去不復返了。我們現(xiàn)在生活在一個外變得很狹隘的世界里，們必須同對現(xiàn)實保持警覺，有所認識；而現(xiàn)實主義要求樹立一個要么成功要么失敗的標準。這些話聽起來很刺耳，但都是殘酷的事實。如果我們剝奪了孩子的失敗權(quán)力，實際上我們就剝奪了他們?nèi)鐚嵉卣J識世界的機會。 Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1. Todays university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future. 2. A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself. 3. We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education. 4. It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life. 5. We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts. 6. Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations. 7. If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a sold basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others. 8. It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to examinations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes. 9. I didnt even speak to him; much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him. 10. Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages. Examinations leave us an open essential question - what influence do examinations exert on education? Reading Practice:1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D. 5.BUnit 2A. 1-H 2-I3-A4-E5-K6-N7-L8-G9-D10-CB. 1. perception2. responsibility3. organizational4. marketing5. strategies6. assets7. transitions8. dilemma9. Rivalry10. compensation11. whiz12. invaluableC. 1. Justify, justification, justifiable, justifiably, justified2. strategic, strategy, Strategics/Strategy, strategists, strategized, strategically3. finance, financial, financier, finance, Financially4. resentful, resents, resentment, resentfully5. perceive, perception, perceptible, perceptive, perceptibly6. diverse, diversify, diversity, diversification, diversified7. destroyed, destructive, destruction, destructionist, destroyers, destroying, destructible8. markets, marketable, markets, marketing, marketer9. prosperity, prospering, prosperous, prosperously10. derived, derive, derivative, derivativesD. 1. A. it even harder2. A. that 3. C. not taking enough exercise4. C. to have gone back on5. B. functioning6. D. on7. A. object to seeing8. B. to go with it9. A. to expanding10. A. anxiously awaitingE. 1. manufacturers2. natural 3. treatment4. experienced5. approached6. relatively7. global8. chaired9. sustainable10. vision11. extended12. improving13. accomplish14. array15. involvement16. activity17. rewarded18. proposals19. domestic20. competitorsKey to the translation from English to Chinese:.業(yè)主/企業(yè)創(chuàng)建者不僅進取心強，而且精力充沛。他們往往擅長于多種技能。在很多情況之下，他們即是生產(chǎn)專家又是營銷天才或經(jīng)驗豐富的金融家。要接替他們的工作則需要很多的人。因此家庭企業(yè)主應當通過制定組織機構(gòu)圖來明確規(guī)定該企業(yè)怎樣運作。參予交接過程的每個主要成員也應當制定他們自己的組織構(gòu)圖。然后,對它們進行比較。各機構(gòu)之間的不同點將表明管理體制上的差異、存在誤會的主要方面及觀念上分歧。.沒有忠心耿耿雇員,很少企業(yè)能夠發(fā)展壯大，即使是家庭企業(yè)也是如此。這些盡職的雇員多半擔任了主要管理職務。因此，應當將關(guān)于產(chǎn)業(yè)繼承的長遠計劃隨時通報給他們，而主要的企業(yè)管理人員必須清楚知道他們在產(chǎn)業(yè)交接管理機構(gòu)中的職責。改進企業(yè)的勞保福利制度以吸引和留住主要部門經(jīng)理,激發(fā)他們的積極性,使他們能為企業(yè)和業(yè)主的最大利益而工作Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1. He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2. Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a body shield for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.3. Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4. Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5. More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6. John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8. You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9. Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10. The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.Q1 1) Plan a succession management. 2) Define family employment practices 3) Establish and maintain family harmony 4) Plan the estate.Q2 1) Seating an outside board of directors. 2) Developing a family business vision document. 3) Holding family council meetings.Unit 3Suggested Key to Vocabulary and Structure A. 1 -d 2 - f 3 - j 4 - a 5 - i6 - h 7 - g 8 - e 9 - c 10- b1.mobility 2. toll 3. accommodate 4. landscape 5. sprawled 6. implement 7. legitimate 8. transit 9. electrified 10. pickupB.1. Integral 2. better off 3. sprawling 4. emissions 5. metropolitan 6. ban 7. commuters 8. clutter 9. accommodate 10. displacedC.1. from coast to coast 2. the great unwashed 3.revere 4.denounce 5. tore up 6. Short of 7. are noted for 8. constriction 9. was guilty of 10. well offD.1. C. overcrowded 2. B. worthy 3. A. sitting 4. D. recovered 5. D. in nonsmokers and nondrinkers 6. D. poured 7. B. unaware of 8. C. recent 9. C. out of the question 10. B. understandsE.1. move 2. drive 3. down 4. wheels 5. out 6. without 7. majority 8. imagine 9.realize 10. plagued 11. burns 12. that 13.to 14. what 15. But 16.done 17. altogether 18.on 19. electricity 20. practicalKey to the translation from English to Chinese:在歷史上，吉普車以其能適應各種路況的出眾性能而著稱于世。這種美名可以追溯到二戰(zhàn)期間，當時由威利斯公司提供的最初型號的吉普車載著盟軍部隊馳騁于太平洋沿岸及歐洲戰(zhàn)場。一書認為，“吉普”這個名字起源于美國軍隊決定把這種車輛叫做GP（for General Purpose）即多功能車之意。而后，GP這兩個字母的讀音被誤發(fā)成為“吉普”，并成為威利斯公司享有的商標名稱。1988年吉普為克萊斯勒公司所有，此后該公司投入了大量資金更新改造吉普車的生產(chǎn)設備，提高吉普車的產(chǎn)量并開發(fā)各種新車型應市?？巳R斯勒公司稱吉普車在戰(zhàn)爭年代享有的盛名以及其堅固耐用的形象無疑會有助于它在和平時期樹立其作為休閑娛樂車的新形象。該公司說，吉普為休閑，越野車開發(fā)了新市場，它有強勁的4輪牽引裝置（商業(yè)上稱為4輪驅(qū)動），過去軍用吉普車曾因此而享譽四方。Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1. The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.2. We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.3. While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.4. Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.5. If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.6. A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.7. The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.8. Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9. Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10. Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion. Unit 4A. 1. a. coercive b. coerced2. a. preoccupation b. preoccupied3. a. reluctant b. reluctance4. a. adolescent b. adolescence5. a. implication b. implicit6. a. ambivalent b. adolescence7. a. maintenance b. maintainability8. a. privacy b. private9. a. enthusiasm b. enthusiasts10. a . tolerance b. tolerable11. a. statisticians b. statistically12. a. rational b. rationalityB.1. cared for 2. in terms of3. lies behind4. rings a bell5. passed on to6. went against7. lining up8. chiming in9. am open to 11. brought upC.1. have evidencedhas evidenced2. that prevailedthat had prevailed3. associatingassociated4. raiseraising5. onto6. onto7. reluctancewillingness8. havehaving9. are the centerare not the center10. This reflectsThis is reflectedD.1. Adolescents2. involved3. fact4. Therefore5. common6. or7. employed8. fewer9. negative10. contribute11. Studies12. People13. Tend14. Drop15. GrownKey to the translation from English to Chinese:A.一些觀察家提出，我們正在看到的這種現(xiàn)象根本就不是什么重大變化，或許它和性革命一樣，不是人們行為上的而是表達方式上的一種劇變。一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析學家說，“也許，一直就有那么一群與眾不同的人存著。只不過他們現(xiàn)在從隱蔽外走了出來，公開 表明了他們的觀點，就像同性戀者那樣。我們這一時代的潮流就是干你想干的事而不是加以掩飾。這些人身上所反映的不是什么變革而是人們現(xiàn)在越來越坦率直言的這樣一個現(xiàn)象。B.在最近幾十年的時間里，人們漸漸地明白了一個事實，那就是：為數(shù)不多的婦女已不再接受并愿意扮演深居簡出的傳統(tǒng)母親角色。許多人認為家庭的重要性正日益消失。婦女受教育程度的提高是造成這一文化的重要因素。如今，百分之八十的婦女完成了四年制的高中學習。而在1940年，完成這一階段學習的婦女僅占百分之三十。這與現(xiàn)在美國婦女平均晚一年結(jié)婚有關(guān)。二十歲至二十四歲未婚者從1960年的28%上升到20世紀70年代的40%。人們推遲了生兒育女的時間，只有不到10%的婦女是在結(jié)婚后兩年內(nèi)生孩子。除此之外，越來越多的婦女不想要孩子。工作、晚婚、不要孩子是近年來婦女作用發(fā)生變化的主要表現(xiàn)。Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1.Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.2.The higher a womans educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3. As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.4.The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventors permission, which goes against the patent law.5. Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6. According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.7. He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8. In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loon as most challenging social problems.9. When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about todays young people.10. Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society. Unit 5A.1. A2. B3. C4. D5. B6. A7. D8. B9. D10. B11. CB.1. set him up2. fit in3. is thankful for4. hold down5. built up6. gone through7. weigh heavily on8. working out9. broken away10. let my parents downC. 1. C. will rely on2. D. have3. C. for which4. B. which5. A. coupled6. A. a much greater variety7. B. find it difficult8. A. Acquiring9. C. himself10. C. endangeredD.1. dead2. brought3. like4. expensive5. cost6. worse7. births8. paying9. aged10. figure11. share12. majority13. producers14. poor15. decent16. services17. expanding18. same19. burden20. confinedKey to the Translation from English into Chinese: 在不少拉丁美洲和亞洲的國家,老年化和貧困將引起許多新問題, 而這些問題對于工業(yè)化國家來說并不陌生, 但是這些國家擁有資源少得多。在使用有限資源時所遇到倫理道德問題將更為突出,為醫(yī)療保健和養(yǎng)老金提供資金可能成為這些國家面臨的一件棘手的事。在許多國家,老年人的人數(shù)太少,政治上多半相當被動,以致無法成為一個能對長期政策施加有效壓力來促進自身利益的團體。但隨著其數(shù)量增多,這種狀況正在改變，他們知道需要集結(jié)政治力量。到2030年將沒有一個政治家大膽到敢于忽略三分之一這部份老年選民特別老年選民一般參加投票的人數(shù)要比其他選民多。Key to t