Unit 13 Our schedules, our selves練習(xí)答案綜合教程三.doc

Unit13 Our Schedules, Our SelvesKey to the Exercises Text comprehensionI.Decide which of the following best states the purpose of the essay. BII.Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T (Refer to Paragraphs 1, 2 and 3.)2. F (Refer to Paragraph 3. Some of what fills our days are onerous obligations, some are wonderful opportunities, and most fall in between.)3. T (Refer to Paragraph 4.)4. F (Refer to Paragraph 5. While direct communication can loosen our schedules in certain instances its easier to shift around an engagement on short notice, overall they fuel the trend that every minute must be accounted for.)5. T (Refer to Paragraphs 12 and 13.)III.Answer the following questions. 1. Refer to Paragraphs 2 and 3. Our lives have been too meticulously mapped out and filled with too many orders and plans. As there is too much to do, too many places to be, too many things happening too fast, and no time for an idle moment or a reflective pause, we are not able to enjoy the beauty of life. It seems that we are not leading our lives, but merely following a dizzying timetable of duties, commitments, demands, and options.2. Refer to Paragraph 4. According to the author, the acceleration of the globalized economy, and the accompanying decline of people having any kind of a say over wages and working conditions, is the chief culprit. Poor people or people at the bottom of the socio-economic ladder feel the pain most sharply; they often feel out of control of everything happening to them. However, even successful professionals feel the pressure.3. Refer to Paragraphs 5 and 6. Besides the acceleration of the globalized economy, there are two other factors that result in overscheduling our life. The first is the onslaught of new technology, which promised to set us free but has instead ratcheted up the rhythms of everyday life. And the second is our own human desire for more choices and new experiences.4. Refer to Paragraphs 7 and 8. As the 24 hours allotted to us each day are fully booked, something is lost in our life. We dont just run into a friend anymore; we cant happily savor an experience because our mind races toward the next plan on the calendar. Theres no time left for those magic, spontaneous moments that make us feel most alive. 5. Refer to Paragraphs 9?3. Yes, we can get ourselves free from the burden of schedules. According to the radical Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, We are bigger than our schedules. And one of the solutions the author proposes is political, or to shorten the working week as many political activists have pressed for. The other solution is personal. The author suggests that we sometimes shuck schedules and scrap plans for spontaneous moments. IV.Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. New technology has arrived in an explosive manner and produced a significant impact on our way of life. It should have saved us from routine, as it enables us to do our work more efficiently, but in fact it has subjected us even more to plans, as it has made scheduling easier. 2. Our life has been filled up with plans, so full that we have lost our spare time and the chance for any natural and spontaneous activities. Our life, therefore, seems boring and meaningless. 3. Be sure to set aside some free moments, hours or even days, and you must not be tempted to fill them with any appointments. Structural analysis of the textIn the two transitional paragraphs (Paragraphs 9 and 10) the author not only reveals his opinion on this problem - We are bigger than our schedules, but also brings us to his suggested solution which is presented in the last part of the essay. Rhetorical features of the textDetermined and sternly focused, we march through each day obeying the orders of our calendars. (Paragraph 2) The idle moment, the reflective pause, serendipity of any sort have no place in our plans. (Paragraph 2)virtual slaves to their schedules (Paragraph 3)onerous obligations (Paragraph 3)but merely following a dizzying timetable of duties (Paragraph 3)feel the pinch (Paragraph 4)Cell phones, e-mail, and laptop computers instill expectations of instantaneous action. (Paragraph 5)they fuel the trend that every minute must be accounted for (Paragraph 5)You cant happily savor an experience because your mind races toward the next one on the calendar. (Paragraph 7)feel hemmed in by our schedules (Paragraph 11) Vocabulary exercisesI.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. leave; skip 2. planned in detail 3. experience hardship4. with little time for preparation 5. from the very beginning II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. onerous2. recourse3. onslaught4. preordained5. savoring6. instantaneous7. corralled8. culpritIII.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. nonscheduled/unscheduled2. defiance3. spontaneity 4. vacationers5. inequality 6. rhythmic7. minimize 8. serendipitous IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.1. hemmed in 2. loaded up3. fell through4. get away with 5. missed out on6. ratcheted up7. opened up 8. Think back onV.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. Synonym: exhausting (wearying, fatiguing)2. Antonym: simple (plain, spartan) 3. Antonym: deceleration (slowdown)4. Synonym: induce (generate)5. Antonym: meager6. Synonym: soothing (pleasant)7. Antonym: reactionary (conservative)8. Synonym: shrink (dwindle, diminish)VI.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. 1. prove2. done3. throwing away4. help (you) with5. succeeded6. is formed by7. included8. continuously troubledGrammar exercisesI.Complete the following sentences using proper coordinators.1. not only . but also2. Either/Neither . or/nor(When we use a noun phrase joined by either . or or neither . nor as the subject, we follow the principle of proximity. That is, the noun closer to the verb decides whether the verb should be singular or plural.) 3. and4. or5. so6. and7. neither . nor8. butII.Combine the following sentences into a paragraph, using coordinators. Make other changes if necessary.The recorded history of mankind is only 6,000 or 7,000 years, but within that short period of time many civilizations have risen and fallen. The people of the Nile Valley created a high culture, and so did the people of the Tigris-Euphrates Valley, but both of these cultures disappeared. They were absorbed into the Greco-Roman culture that dominated the Mediterranean world, but this civilization also disintegrated in time.III.Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.1. D 2. B (For suggests that the reason is given as an afterthought.)3. D4. A (When a verb comes after as well as, it is usually in -ing form.) 5. C6. A 7. D 8. B9. B10. B IV.Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences. 1.were was (We follow the principle of proximity with neither . nor .)2.strength strong3.for on4.is required required5.havehave had6.betterbest7.has was8.record recordingV.Fill in the blanks with a proper form of -self /-selves if necessary.1. themselves2. /, /, / 3. himself4. yourselves5. herself6. yourself7. /8. /VI.Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.1. e.g. He is not finding fault with you, but merely giving you a piece of advice.2. e.g. So far no cure has been found for cancer, despite what the medical researchers have been doing over the years.Translation exercisesI.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.片刻閑暇、駐足反思、任何奇遇在我們的計(jì)劃中都沒(méi)有立足之地。2.一天中僅有的意外竟然是晚上倒頭睡覺(jué)之前才突然想起我們計(jì)劃了的事不知道是不是真的全部做好了。3.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的加速發(fā)展，以及隨之而來(lái)人們對(duì)薪酬、工作條件話語(yǔ)權(quán)的喪失，是造成這一切的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?.但是，即使是成功的專業(yè)人士，那些似乎完全掌握自己命運(yùn)的人，也會(huì)為其所苦。II.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.1. If negotiations should fail, his last recourse was the law.2. In such a confined space as a train compartment, I feel hemmed in. 3. As they have refused a closer cooperation, the whole idea has fallen through.4. The ambitious young man wishes to carve out a career for himself in this city full of opportunities.5. The students are cramming for their final examinations.6. The poets whims and fancies defy rational explanation.7. Taking piano lessons twice a week plus the required practice can hardly fit into her already full schedule.8. As the story unfolds, the relationships between the main characters become more and more complicated.III.Translate the following passage into Chinese.目前，生活的重?fù)?dān)束縛和壓倒了許多人。幾乎每天，他們都有無(wú)數(shù)的事情要處理。工作，工作，沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的工作。他們永遠(yuǎn)不能按自己的意愿去安排工作，而是被工作，被各種各樣周而復(fù)始的事情驅(qū)趕著。他們?cè)缟掀鹕頃r(shí)已經(jīng)將一天排得滿滿當(dāng)當(dāng)。他們事先把自己的時(shí)間安排得毫無(wú)插針的間隙，根本沒(méi)有休閑娛樂(lè)的時(shí)間。人們?yōu)楹螢槭滤勰?？個(gè)中原因紛繁，其中之一是科技的新發(fā)展?？萍荚咀屓藗兛吹将@得更多自由的可能，實(shí)際上卻大大束縛了我們，因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)、電子郵件、手提電腦這些科技新玩意催著人們立即作出回應(yīng)。人們應(yīng)該盡量擺脫那張令人頭昏目眩的時(shí)間表的影響，在工作和生活中獲得自由度。為什么呢？因?yàn)槿藗冃枰e暇，需要時(shí)常停下來(lái)想一想，以滋養(yǎng)自己的靈魂。人們需要品味人生經(jīng)歷，從平靜地回味往昔、愉悅地展望未來(lái)中獲得快樂(lè)，而這一切只能在身心松弛的時(shí)候才能做到。Exercises for integrated skillsI.Dictation scriptHow is it that hard work and greater efficiency / do not necessarily result in a sense of achievement? /Social scientists draw a crucial distinction / between two words often used as synonyms: / efficient and effective. / Efficient emphasizes the means of production, / the degree of economy with which it is carried out, / while effective focuses on the result or purpose / for which the activity is carried out. It is noted that / by using a minimum amount of energy and time, / we can be very efficient / in performing a certain task. / Yet our work is actually effective / only when it contributes to our goals. / True effectiveness is not a matter of doing things right / but of doing the right things, / and we shouldnt let the apparent success of being more efficient / mask the mistake of performing an activity / that is not important.II.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1) however (2) out(3) defined (4) difficult/hard(5) First (6) yourself(7) which/that (8) to(9) involves (10) are(11) appeals (12) dontCultural BackgroundWalden PondWalden Pond is a lake located in Concord, Massachusetts, in the United States. The writer, transcendentalist, and philosopher Henry David Thoreau lived on the shores of the pond for two years starting in the summer of 1845. His account of the experience was recorded in Walden; or, Life in the Woods, and made the spot famous. “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life.” ( from Henry David Thoreau, Walden, “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For”) Now the Walden Pond has the cultural embodiment of leaving the busy city life and immersion into the nature so as to pursue ones own self.Text I Our Schedules, Our SelvesJay WalljasperGlobal ReadingI. Text AnalysisAll the efforts we make in our social life may lead to the ultimate purpose of seeking happiness. Yet in modern world people are so drifted by their busy schedules that we may one day find out that we have been far away from our original target. This text is written from those who might get lost during our long journey of struggle. We learn from the text that the problem of overscheduling has three main causes, which are economic cause, technological cause and, the most important, psychological cause. All these causes, when working together, make us the slaves of our own schedules and lose our fun in doing things. Besides this macroscopic change in our value judgment, it is also necessary to seek help from outside efforts such as expanding vacation time and shortening the work week. Another, which is more important and more difficult to achieve, is to adopt a new perspective of time. Only through this can we be back to our original journey to pursue happiness.II. Structural Analysis1) In terms of organization, the article clearly falls into four main parts:The first part (Paragraphs 1-3) introduces the fact that most Americans have become the slaves of their schedules.The second part (Paragraphs 4-6) lists the three major causes of overscheduling, namely, economic cause, technological cause and psychological causes.The third part (Paragraphs 7-10) tells us the bad effect of overscheduling: it deprives us of the fun of life and it also reveals the authors opinion on this problem “We are bigger than our schedules”. This part also brings us to his suggested solution to this problem in the last part of the essay.The fourth part (Paragraphs 11-14) suggests the p