八年級英語上詞匯總結(jié).docVIP

八年級英語（仁愛版）上冊語言點歸納Unit 1 Playing SportsTopic 1重點詞語:1. almost(反義詞)never 2.win(過去式)won(名詞)winner 3.ski(現(xiàn)在分詞)skiing 4.famous(比較級)more famous5.arrive(同義詞)reach 6.leave(過去式)left 7.popular(最高級)most popular 8.healthy(同義詞)fit(名詞)health(1) 詞組1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期間 2. betweenand 在兩者之間3. cheer sb. on為某人加油 4. prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事5. quite a bit/a lot很多 6. plan to do sth.計劃做某事7. have a skating club舉辦滑雪俱樂部8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/騎車/爬山/遠(yuǎn)足9. arrive in到達(dá) 10. play against與對抗/較量 11. for long很久 12. leave for動身去 13. the day after tomorrow 后天14. places of interest名 勝 16. play baseball打棒球 17. at least 至少 18. be good at善于做某事19. take part in參加 20. all over the world全世界21. be good for對有益 22. a good way to do sth一種好方法23. keep fit/healthy保持健康 24. relax oneself 放松某人自己重點句型25. Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜愛的運動是什么?26. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜歡什么運動?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜歡滑雪.27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你?；﹩?28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小時在體育館.29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good atjumping. 她棒球打得相當(dāng)好而且擅長于跳.30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜歡哪種運動?重點語言點31. see sb. do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程,常與every day; often等連用.see sb. doing sth. “看見某人正在做某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行.如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看見她在河邊畫畫. I saw her go across the street. 我看見她過了馬路 I saw her going across the street. 我看見她正在過馬路. 類似的有watch,hear,feel 等這類感觀動詞.32. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”join + 組織 表示 “加入某個組織” take part in表示 “參加/出席某個活動”如: Will you join us? / I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high jump.33. arrive in + 大地 arrive at + 小地點 get to + 地點 = reach + 地點如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.注:reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home34. leave 離開 leave for 動身去/離開到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.后天他們要前往日本.35. a few “幾個;一些” 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little “一點點” 修飾不數(shù)名詞如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.37. how long 表示“多久(時間)”; 提問時間段.for+一段時間 How soon 表示“多久(時間)”; 提問時間段.in+一段時間how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提問時間的頻率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長于(做)某事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重點語法 一般將來時：（一）be going to 結(jié)構(gòu): 表示主語進(jìn)行某一將來行動的打算、意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思，因此通常認(rèn)為用be going to表達(dá)的行動很可能會見諸實踐。如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同學(xué)們一起打籃球。She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。表預(yù)測。指根據(jù)跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了?。ǘ?will + 動詞原形：表示單純的將來事實，常與表將來的時間狀語如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等連用。will not = wont; 縮略形式為ll.表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經(jīng)過事先的考慮或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 對不起。我馬上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡還是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 別擔(dān)心。我會幫你的。表示預(yù)測。指說話人對于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測。如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我確信下次我們隊會贏。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會去體育館。表示許諾。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我會做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我會去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）動詞plan, come, go, leave, fly等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將要發(fā)生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就來。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。Topic 2重點詞語:詞形轉(zhuǎn)換：(1) adj. + ly adv.loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly angry angrily easy easily(2)過去式：fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt (3) 1.ill (同義詞)sick (名詞)illness 2.start(同義詞)begin 3.far(反義詞)near 4.smoke(現(xiàn)在分詞)smoking 5.careless(反義詞)careful 6.important(比較級) more important 7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(現(xiàn)在分詞)enjoying 9.invent(名詞)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反義詞)outdoor 11.century(復(fù)數(shù))centuries 12.coach(復(fù)數(shù))coaches 13.feel (名詞)feeling 14.tiring(近義詞)tired (二) 詞組:have a soccer game進(jìn)行一場足球賽 fall ill 病倒了be a little far from 離有點遠(yuǎn)right away = at once立刻;馬上miss a good chance錯過一個好機(jī)會 get/miss a goal得到/失去一分shame on sb. 為某人感到羞恥 do ones best盡某人的力say sorry to sb. 對某人說抱歉 be sure to do sth. 確定做某事be angry with 生某人的氣 do the homework 做作業(yè)with ones help = with the help of sb. 在某人的幫助下serve food上菜 turn up/down調(diào)高/低（音量）keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直做某事 in a minute一分鐘后；馬上on the phone 在電話中 take a seat 就坐never mind 不要緊 a lot of traveling 一系列旅行l(wèi)ove/enjoy doing sth. 喜愛/歡做某事 have a very exciting life過著非常興奮的生活 as well 也throwinto 把投進(jìn) follow/obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則over a century later 一個多世紀(jì)后 more and more people越來越多的人feel tired 感到疲勞 instead of 替代 ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事 make a plan for sb.為某人訂一份計劃build up 增進(jìn);增強(qiáng) go right 正常運轉(zhuǎn)二.重點句型Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand? 你能幫我嗎？ Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好嗎？You are always so careless. 你總是這樣粗心大意.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.讓我為你買一個新的。He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他為他的學(xué)生們發(fā)明了一項室內(nèi)運動以便他們甚至在惡劣的天氣也能玩。And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或兩只手投擲它。三. 重點語言點1.ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表語而sick既可作表語也可作定語.如: The man is ill/sick. 那個男人病了. (作表語) He is a sick man. 他是個病人. (作定語) He is an ill boy.(他是一個壞男孩。)2.Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 來修理它好嗎? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎?3. one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 表示 “其中之一”, 主語是one,表單數(shù). 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個隊友又高又壯。4. miss “錯過,思念,遺失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯過最后一班車. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了.5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事”如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.我們確信下次一定會贏。6.be sorry for “為某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丟你的書。7tired adj. “（感到）疲憊的” , 主語是人如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語是事物 如:This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊.類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的8.15-year-old “15歲的”15 years old “15歲” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.類似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般單獨使用,放在句末,前面用逗號隔開.instead of“替代;而不,相反”如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不會去上海而會去北京. = Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “從做.中獲得樂趣”如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。Topic 3一、重點詞組:join the English club加入英語俱樂部 fill out 填出/好host the 2008 Olympics舉辦2008年奧運會 go on 發(fā)生；進(jìn)行all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方quite a lot 相當(dāng)多make friends with 與交朋友 be afraid恐怕be free 有空 seeyou then再見win the first gold medal 贏得第一枚金牌 behave well舉止得體get 28 gold medals獲得28枚金牌 a symbol of 一種的象征the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的獲勝者every four years每四年;每隔三年(every other three years)the mascot for the Beijing Olympics北京奧運會的吉祥物mprove the environment改善環(huán)境plant trees and grass種植花草樹木stand for代表 the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分do morning exercises做早操 be fond of (doing) sth.喜歡(做)某事二、重點句型1.Could you tell me your name? 你能告訴我你的名字嗎? = Whats your name?2.What do you do? = Whats your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now. 現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國朋友搭我的出租車.4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 說英語將對我有很大幫助.5.Please fill it out. 請把它填好.6.What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend? 本周末的天氣怎樣?7.There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京將會有更多的馬路.三. 重點語言點fill out + 名詞 “填好” fill + 名詞/代詞+out Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請?zhí)詈眠@張表格. Please fill it/them out. (當(dāng)賓語是代詞時, 只能放中間) 請把它(們)填好.be afraid“恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人be afraid of “害怕(做)”如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我恐怕沒有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗. They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽.may be “可能是” may是情態(tài)動詞 + bemaybe “或許; 可能” maybe是副詞 He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老師. He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.between 在兩者之間 among 在三者或三者當(dāng)中如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間. The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當(dāng)中.5. There be 句型的一般將來時 正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekendThere is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.四、交際用語提建議的句型:Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?What/How about going hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足怎么樣?Why dont you go hiking with us? 你為什么不和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足呢?Why not go hiking with us? 為什么不和我們?yōu)槭裁床缓臀覀円黄鹑ミh(yuǎn)足呢? Lets go hiking. 讓我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?Would you please go hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?Shall we go hiking? 我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎? (shall在疑問句中與I 和we連用,表示提出或征求意見. 意思為 “好嗎?/ 要不要?)Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1一、 重點詞組:have a (bad/terrible) cold 患（重）感冒 see a dentist/doctor 看牙醫(yī)/醫(yī)生have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/頭痛/胃痛have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/發(fā)高燒 have the flu 得了流感have sore eyes眼睛發(fā)炎 have a sore throat喉嚨發(fā)炎take/have a (good) rest（好好）休息 sleep well 睡得好drink a lot of boiled water多喝開水 lift heavy things提重物stay in bed呆在床上 have a good sleep 好好睡一覺feel terrible感到難受 take sb. to 帶某人去take some medicine/ pills吃藥 day and night日日夜夜bad luck 倒霉 lie down 躺下hot tea with honey加蜜的熱茶 brush ones teeth刷牙have an accident 出了事故/意外send sb. to. 送某人去take/ have a look at看一看notuntil 直到才.get well恢復(fù)健康 plenty of 充足;大量take off your coat 脫掉你的大衣二、重點句型You should see a dentist. 你應(yīng)該看牙醫(yī)。You shouldnt lift heavy things. 你不應(yīng)該提重物。You look pale. 你看起來氣色不好,很蒼白.Youd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看醫(yī)生.Youd better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上學(xué).Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 謝謝你送來的鮮花和水果.I couldnt read them until today. 直到今天我才讀了他們.三. 重點語言點1.身體某個部位 + ache，表身體某處疼痛。如: headache 頭痛backache 背痛stomachache胃痛 toothache牙痛2.medicine “藥” 為不可數(shù)名詞pill “藥片” 為可數(shù)名詞如: take some medicine 吃些藥take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥3.with “含有” without “沒有” hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶 mooncake with eggs 含雞蛋的月餅Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中國清茶Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 沒吃早飯去上學(xué)。4.until “直到為止” ; 句中動詞一般為延續(xù)性動詞not until. “直到才” ; 句中動詞一般為短暫性動詞如: He will wait for his father until ten oclock. 他將等他父親一直到10點為止. He wont leave until his father comes . 直到他父親來他才離開.5.bothand. “和(兩者)都”; 當(dāng)主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù).如: I know both Jim and Tom. 吉姆和湯姆倆人我都認(rèn)識. Both Jim and I are 16 years old. 我和吉姆都是16歲. 6plenty of “充足;大量” 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 只用于肯定句,相當(dāng)于a lot of/ lots of many “許多”, 修飾可數(shù)名詞much “許多”, 修飾不可數(shù)名詞如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你應(yīng)該喝大量的開水. You shouldnt drink so much water. 你不應(yīng)該喝這么多水. I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有許多水.四、交際用語 (一)詢問病情Whats wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服?How are you feeling now? 你現(xiàn)在感覺怎么樣?Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了嗎?(二)訴說病情1. I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible. 我感到難受.2. I have a headache/stomachache/. 我頭痛/肚子痛.3. I cant sleep well at night. 我晚上睡不4. 好覺.5. I cough day and night. 我日日夜夜地咳嗽.6. But my left leg hurts when I move it. 但是當(dāng)我移動時,我的左腿疼.(3) 表示同(4) 情1. Im sorry to hear that.聽到這事我感到難過.2. Thats too bad. 那太糟了. 3. Bad luck. 倒霉.(5) 表達(dá)建議1. Youd better (not) do sth 最好(不2. )做某事.3. You should/shouldnt do sth 你(不4. ) 應(yīng)該做某事.5. Shall I take you to the hospital? 我?guī)闳メt(yī)院好嗎?Topic 2一、重點詞組:look tired 看起來很累keep long fingernails留長指甲watch a soccer game on TV 在電視上觀看一場足球賽stay up熬夜 wash hands before meals飯前洗手eat bad food吃變質(zhì)食物play sports right after meals飯后適當(dāng)運動 take a fresh breath 呼吸新鮮空氣be necessary for對于來說是必不可少的 in the daytime 在白天keep you active使你保持精力旺盛throw litter about亂扔垃圾get enough sleep 得到足夠的睡眠need to do sth 需要做某事exercise on an empty stomach 空腹鍛煉 = without eating anythingget into進(jìn)入 become sick生病fight germs抗擊病菌keep the air clean and fresh 保持空氣清新 in different ways用不同的方法sweep the floors 打掃地板 as we know眾所周知have the right kinds of food 吃正確種類的（健康的）食品choose the wrong food 選擇錯誤的（不健康的）食品 make us sick使我們生病二、重點句型I see. Staying up late is bad for your health. 我明白了. 熬夜有害你的健康.(動名詞短語做主語謂語用單數(shù)) 2. How did Wang Jun get a headache? 王俊怎樣患上頭痛的？Is going to bed early good or bad for your health? Its good.早點睡覺對你的健康有益還是有害? 有益. (選擇問句要根據(jù)事實回答)Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的鍛煉,是身體健康必不可少.It will keep you active in the daytime. 它(早睡早起)將使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.You must not throw litter about. = Dont throw litter about. 不要亂扔垃圾.We may have more than one headache each month每月我們可能會不止一次頭疼.You may get a headache when you cant get enough sleep.當(dāng)你睡眠不足時,可能會疼.What does it mean when you have a headache? 頭痛對你來說意味著什么?The boy becomes sick. 那個男孩生病了.As we know, food gives us enery. 眾所周知,食物給我們提供能量.If we eat too little or too much food, or if we choose the wrong food, it can make us sick. 如果我們吃得太少或太多, 或者食物的選擇不當(dāng)會生病的.三. 重點語言點1. be good for 對有益be bad for 對有害如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳對健康有益. Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在強(qiáng)烈的陽光下看書對眼睛有害.2.disease 通常指具體的病, 表 “特定的疾病、病名”illness 通常指生病的狀態(tài)或表抽象的疾病如： Germs can cause diseases. 細(xì)菌會引發(fā)疾病。SARS is a serious disease. 非典是一種嚴(yán)重的疾病。Dont worry about his illness. 別擔(dān)心他的病。3.exercise表 “鍛煉/運動”時, 為不可數(shù)名詞;表 “練習(xí)”或有定語修飾時, 為可數(shù)名詞.如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. 他經(jīng)常上午鍛煉. Please do the exercises at once.請馬上做這些練習(xí). He does morning exercises every day. 他每天做早操. Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的鍛煉.4.enoughadj.“足夠的”修飾名詞時,既可放在名詞之前,也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前)如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足夠的時間完成這項作.There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足夠的食物.adv. “足夠地” 修飾形容詞或副詞時, 均放在所修飾詞的后面.如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果. He speaks clearly enough. 他講得足夠清楚.5.need “需要, 必需”作實義動詞: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事如: I need some help. 我需要一些幫助. You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看醫(yī)生.He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭車. 作情態(tài)動詞: need + 動詞原形If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么東西, 只要開口就行了. You neednt finish this work today. 你不必今天完成這項工作. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 表“太多的。”much too + 形容詞 表“太?！?，much 起加強(qiáng)語氣作用如：Dont eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。 He is much too fat. 他實在太胖了。 四.重點語法 情態(tài)動詞: must“必須, 一定”如: We must study hard. 我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí).mustnt “不可以”如: You mustnt walk on the lawn.你不可以在草坪上行走. should “應(yīng)該”如: We should finish it on time. 我們應(yīng)該按時完成它.shouldnt “不該” 如: You shouldnt go to school late. 你不該上學(xué)遲到.had better “最好”如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。 had better not “最好不” 如：You had better not go to bed late.你最好不要遲睡。may “可以”如: May I come in? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎?“可能” 如: You may get a headache when you work too hard. 當(dāng)你工作太努力時,你可能會頭疼.Topic 3一、 重點詞組:talk with與交談 hurry up趕緊/快 go ahead = go on 繼續(xù)（問）spread easily易傳播 be afraid of害怕 catch SARS患上非典do ones best to do sth 盡力做某事fight SARS 抗擊非典keep away from animals遠(yuǎn)離動物do house cleaning 打掃屋子go to crowded places去擁擠的地方all the time = always總是/一直examine the patients檢查病人take a message捎口信take care of 照顧= look after / care for tell/ask sb. to do sth叫某人做某事 call back回電話take an active part in積極參加 leave a message留口信care for patients 照顧病人 save the patients 挽救病人spend the time 度過時光teach oneself自學(xué)=teach oneself help mother cook 幫助媽媽煮東西 on the phone/Internet在電話中/在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上enjoy oneself 過得愉快=have a good timetell sb. a story / stories給某人講故事 take some Chinese medicine吃些中藥二、重點句型We dont have