高英第一冊lesson 1 vocabulary.doc

詞匯(Vocabulary) hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour，often accompanied by torrential rains，and originating usually in the West Indian region颶風 lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈沖擊；拍打 pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，espwith the fist(尤指用拳頭)連續(xù)地打 course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行為；品行；做法 demolish (v.): pull downtear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毀；破壞；毀滅 motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽車游客旅館 gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗魯?shù)?；粗啞的。嘶啞?batten (n.): fasten with battens用壓條釘住(或固定) methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有條理地 main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自來水，煤氣，電等的)總管 bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸 generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo發(fā)電機，發(fā)動機 scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飛馳；掠過 mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc床墊；褥子 pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃 disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎塊 blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(氣流)；一陣(風) douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把浸入液體里；使浸透；潑液體在上 brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function?！皍nit in some work(組織起來執(zhí)行某種任務的)隊 scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登) litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog，cat or other animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、貓等多產(chǎn)動物)一胎生下的小動物 shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震顫，戰(zhàn)栗 ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness兇猛；兇惡，殘忍；暴行 swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow口猛擊，重擊 maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使處于孤立無援的處境 devastate (nv.): destroy；lay waste；make desolate毀壞,摧毀；使荒蕪 swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(揮動鐮刀所及的面積) huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如風暴中的牛群)擠成一團；擁擠；互相緊貼 slashing (a.): severe；merciless；violent嚴厲的；猛烈的 implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech懇求，哀求，乞 bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures；a measure小節(jié)線(五線譜上的縱線把五線譜分成小節(jié)); 小節(jié) trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，etc漸弱；漸??；漸暗 debri (復：debris )(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a stone，wood，glass，etc，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦礫 sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避難所，庇護所 cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine family，having clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance雪松(屬) extinguish (v.): put out(a fire，etc)；quench；smother熄滅(火等)，滅(火)；撲滅 waver v. swing or sway to and fro；flutter搖擺；搖晃；搖曳 topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒；搖搖欲墜 leanto (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building；a shed with a oneslope roof單坡 屋頂；單坡屋頂?shù)呐?prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop支撐；維持；支持 tilt (v.): aslope；incline；slant；tip傾斜；傾側；翹起 cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷縮；退縮 slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level；slope(使)傾斜；(使)變歪 hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠鉸鏈轉動(或附著) diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, etc.；lessen使變?。粶p少，縮減 thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推 strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatterbe scattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(布)；散播；被撒滿(表面) festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc飾以(或懸掛)花彩，結彩于 coil (v.): wind around and around成卷狀；盤繞卷 spaghetti (n.): paste in the form。f long，thin strings, cooked by boiling or steaming and served with a sauce細條實心面 salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，difficulty，destruction。etc；rescue救助拯救；援救 canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，as in a disaster area(在災區(qū)給災民分配熟食的)賑災處 staffer (n.): a member of a staff職員 rake (v.): scrape or sweep；move forward swiftly掠過；急速穿過；迅速向前移動 rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about橫沖直撞 pitch (v.): colloq set to work energetically口拼命干起來，開始大干特干 wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked殘?。黄∥?salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood, etc雷救搶救；打撈 wrath (n.): intense anger；rage；fury憤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒 the blues: colloqa depressedunhappy feeling口沮喪；憂郁 afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to；distress very much 使痛苦，使苦惱折磨 weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together焊接；熔接 reflect (v.): think seriously；contemplate認真思考；沉思短語 (Expressions) reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities尋找解決途徑 例：Lets reason this out instead of quarrelling讓我們不要爭吵，商量出事情的解決方案 a good: at least，full至少，最少 例：They waited a good eight hours他們等了至少8個小時 sit out: stay until the end of坐到結束 例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out我們強迫自己坐到演出結束。 come by: to make a short visit to a place on ones way順便拜訪 例：Ill come by the house and get my stufflater，OK?我會順便過來取材料，好嗎? by the minute: every minute，minute by minute一分鐘一分鐘地 例：Im feeling better by the minute我每分鐘都感覺好多了。 on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，瀕臨于 例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrou曲科學家們即將取得一項重大突破。 break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂開，分裂解散 例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake地面在地震時裂開了。 break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂 例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天氣轉暖，冰層就會破裂。 come through: to continue to live，exist，be strong，or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous time經(jīng)歷過仍活著，經(jīng)歷，脫險 例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through約翰病得很厲害，依然活著算是很幸運的了。 pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起來，開始大干特干 例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time我們?nèi)绻疵苫睿蜁R上做完1destroy一詞最為常見，主要強調(diào)破壞的力度之大和徹底，一般不帶感情或修辭色彩。 demolish和raze通常用于巨大物體，如大型建筑物等。demolish常用引申義，指任何復合體的被毀，如demolish a theory with a few incisive comments。意即“用幾句鋒利的評語推翻某種理論”。而raze幾乎無一例外地用于指建 筑物的被毀。annihilate在這些詞中所表示的損壞程度最為強烈，字面 意思是“化為烏有”，但實際上往往用于指對人或物的嚴重 損傷。如說annihilate an enemy force，是指使敵軍遭到重創(chuàng)，不僅沒有還手之力。而且沒有招架之功。如說annihilate ones opponent in a debate，是指徹底駁倒對手。2。decay常指某物自然而然地逐漸衰敗腐化。如：His teeth have begun to decay(他的牙齒開始老化變壞。) rot指有機物質(zhì)，如蔬菜等因菌毒感染而腐敗變質(zhì)，如：rotting apples(爛了的蘋果)。spoil用于非正式文體，常指食物變質(zhì)。如：Fish spoils quickly in summer。(魚在夏天極易變質(zhì)。)molder用于指物體緩慢、逐步地腐朽。如：Old buildings molder away(老房子漸漸腐爛了。)disintegrate意指把某物從整體變?yōu)樗槠蛞粋€個部分。如：rocks disintegrated by frost and rain(被霜和雨蝕裂成碎塊的巖石)。decompose指將物質(zhì)分解為其構成成分。如：Water call be decompose(be decomposed)into hydrogen and oxygen(水可分解成氧和氧。)該詞還可用來替代rot，使語氣略顯委婉。Lesson OneFace to Face with Hurricane CamilleI. Choose the one which is equal to the word given blow:1. lashA. strike violentlyB. pass byC. move slowlyD. stride2. pummelA. push forwardB. punish severelyC. hit with repeated blowD. beat heavily3. gruffA. seriousB. grievousC. roughD. gentle4. elevateA. put downB. lift upC. face toD. push down5. demolishA. destroyB. reduceC. increaseD. beat6. scudA. go smoothlyB. go straight and fastC. go up and downD. go violently7. interiorA. situated insideB. situated outsideC. interrelateD. internecine8. ferocityA. capabilityB. fiercenessC. impedimentD. ferment9. shudderA. shuffle inB. walk outC. curl upD. shake10. sanctuaryA. a warm placeB. shelterC. a clean placeD. a harm place11. maroonA. stay brave and alongB. leave hopefulC. stay helplessD. leave helpless and alone12. vantageA. variable situationB. comfortless positionC. advantageD. disadvantage13. debrisA. small individual partsB. completely good placesC. well preserved piecesD. scattered broken pieces14. imploreA. request earnestlyB. inform eagerlyC. ask for leaveD. ask for leave15. skimA. hit violentlyB. move lightly overC. go fast and quietlyD. move gradually away16. rampageA. walk for pleasureB. produce branchesC. rageD. range17. festoonA. celebrateB. fastenC. scatterD. decorate18. extinguishA. put outB. put upC. put onD. put down19. disintegrateA. joint togetherB. break up into piecesC. regard as a individualD. look down upon20. frustrateA. discourageB. bring about good resultC. come out fruitfullyD. worry about the result21. propA. supportB. placeC. suspendD. propose22. tiltA. cultivateB. inclineC. levelD. disintegrate23. endureA. conductB. controlC. bearD. engulf24. barA. music noteB. hot railC. brickD. block25. thrustA. dreadful weaponB. sharp knifeC. pierce windD. driving force26. diminishA. mummifyB. reduceC. micro commandD. increase27. assumeA. assertB. pronounceC. supposeD. declare28. perishA. incarnateB. dieC. increaseD. submit29. lapA. coverB. destroyC. beatD. put30. vanishA. importB. existC. appearD. disappearII. Complete the word according to the definition: 1. violent windstorm h 2. letters; letter writing c 3. machine for generating g 4. to put into water; throw water over d 5. to rise to higher level of rank, power etc. m 6. state in trouble or difficulty m 7. to save from loss, fire, wreck etc. s 8. of the mind p 9. to strike or fill with respect combined with fear and reverence a 10. done, carried out, with order or method m 11. impressive or sensational s 12. something owned p 13. difficult or impossible to understand or comprehend i 14. forceful, often vindictive anger w 15. to lay waste or destroy d 16. a place or structure to which a vessel or aircraft can be moored m 17. to break suddenly with a brisk, sharp, cracking sound s 18. to grasp and hold tightly. c 19. to defeat completely and decisively o 20. one of the glass-filled divisions of a window or door p 21. a usually rectangular pad of heavy cloth filled with soft material or an arrangement of coiled springs, used as or on a bed m 22. to strike or affect in a manner similar to lashing w 23. to seek advice or information of c 24. unwilling; disinclined r 25. a person who performs or offers to perform a service of his or her own free will v III. Put the following words and phrases into the appropriate blanks in the following sentences. (Filling in the grid is optional.)revivalvital be strewngradesurvivingvivifying bluesrevivedvividtrail awayvivisectionsprawledsurvivor revitalizevitaminbe bound to 1. Some experts believe that low mortgage rates will help tothe economy.2. One of the tests of good writing is whether or not its imagery is.3.The group, which wants to prevent cruelty to animals, is againstin medical labs. 4.a catastrophe often makes one more sensitive to the positive aspects of life.5. Heto go, and nothing will stop him.6. His voicein confusion.7. The pathwith flowers8. These apples have beenaccording to size and quality9. Thehas finally gotten me today.10. Asupplement is needed by people who do not consume a proper diet.11.After a days work, he was extremely tired. He came home andon the sofa immediately.12. Apart of any health program is exercise.13. Theof the 1960s brought back wild hairstyles and boots with mini-skirts.14. By administering mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, the lifeguardthe drowned man.15.There was not a singleof the recent plane crash near Los Angeles.16. The actress had the gift ofany role with her unique blend of humor and pathos.IV. Reading Comprehension:1. Theme of “Face to face with Hurricane Camille” is _.A. Human being is more important than anything else in the world.B. John has learnt a lesson from his own experience.C. People suffered from such a devastating hurricane.D. Hurricane Camille is the greatest storm ever to hit the United States.2. How many people are there in the house to fight against the hurricane?A. 11B. 13C. 10D. 153. How many onslaughts did hurricane hit the Koshaks house?A. three timesB. four timesC. onceD. many times4. When the sea water reached the house and destroyed the staircase, the Koshaks family had to retreat to _.A. the landingB. the outsideC. the TV roomD. the bedroom5. The antagonist in the story is _.A. John KoshakB. Ch