精讀第四冊課后練習(xí)答案.doc

Unit1 Never Give In, Never, Never, NeverText comprehensionI. BII. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. TVocabularyI. 1. gladden my heart2. situation; circumstances3. threat4. splendid; heroic5. sudden small movement because of pain or fearII. 1. put through 2. addressed himself to 3. was going through 4. Throwing our minds back to 5. yielded to 6. close our account 7. ups and downs 8. misfortunesIII. 1. catastrophically 2. deceptive 3. convictions 4. apparently 5. Perseverance 6. desperation 7. unflinchingly 8. courageousIV. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. AV.1. threat (danger) 2. happy(successful) 3. position 4. seemingly 5. defeat(failure) 6. retreat (shrink, withdraw)7. praise (commend, laud)8. destroyVI. 1. current2. shown3. frequently4. depressed5. try harder6. takes inGrammarI. 1. The school teaches shorthand, bookkeeping and the use of business machines.2. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary but because of the faulty syntax.3. Marian could not decide whether to start college right after high school or to get a job first.4. The Allies decided to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault on the Normandy coast.5. The actor was stunned not only by the noise of booing but also by the sight of flying tomatoes.6. Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as playing Russian roulette.7. The trip to the city is neither long nor expensive.8. You must either stay home or go with us.9. The course consists of several lectures, three written reports, and two impromptu oral presentations.10. The requirements for a chemistry degree are not as strict as the requirements/those for a medical degree.II. 1. Heidi Ross was both rich and powerful. 2. Most of the floggings and lynchings occur at harvest time, when first hangs heavy and ripe, when the leaves are red and gold, when nuts fall from the trees, when the earth offers its best. 3. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. 4. Black people in America have been neglected and underestimated for years, but their recent accomplishments in a variety of fields have made “black power” real and black pride possible. 5. New students will register on Monday; second-year students will register on Tuesday, and senior students will register on Wednesday. 6. The actor taught his students how to read, how to stand, how to cry and how to talk with fans. 7. We cannot be worried about or terrified of the difficulties in life. 8. The factory workers were ready, able, and determined to do a great job.III. 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. BIV. 1. Secretaries do not want flowers but the recognition of their abilities to help management to get more done at less cost, thus contributing to profitability. They would, therefore, like to be recognized as professional coworkers. 2. In Medieval times intelligent men frequently became priests. They did so to gain influential positions, for, in spite of the number of bishops from royal families, the Church was a democratic institution in which ability could make its way. 3. I miss the open fire now that most houses have central heating. Central heating provides warmth but it does not provide a focal point in a room, which depresses me.V. have run/have been running; began; has taken; takes; returned; was; became; screamed; left/were leaving; have never seenTranslationI. 1. 但我們必須學(xué)會(huì)同樣善于應(yīng)付短暫而干脆與漫長而艱難的局面。2. 人們普遍認(rèn)為英國人最終總是會(huì)勝出的。3. 其他國家認(rèn)為英國輸?shù)靡粺o所有了。4. 一年前，我們孤軍作戰(zhàn)，許多國家都以為我們被徹底打敗了。II. 1. I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub, but the young man never turned up. 2. You cannot tell merely from appearances whether things will turn out unfavourable to us or not. 3. The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country. 4. The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion. 5. They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs. 6. There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture. 7. We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour. 8. Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.III. 他們告訴我們，我們?nèi)跣。瑳]有力量對(duì)付如此強(qiáng)大的敵人。但是我們什么時(shí)候才能強(qiáng)大一些呢？是下個(gè)星期嗎？是明年嗎？是我們完全被解除武裝之時(shí)嗎？猶豫不決、無所作為就能使我們積聚力量嗎？我們仰面而臥，心存虛妄之想，直至讓敵人捆住我們的手腳，難道只有這樣我們才能找到有效的抵御方法嗎？先生們，假如我們適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用造物主賦予我們的力量，我們就不再弱小。我們擁有300萬為爭取神圣自由而武裝起來的人民，我們擁有這樣的國家，這是敵人可能派遣來的任何軍隊(duì)都無法戰(zhàn)勝的。戰(zhàn)爭的勝利不僅僅屬于強(qiáng)者，勝利還屬于警覺的人們、活躍的人們、無畏的人們。先生們，我們已別無選擇。即使我們卑躬屈膝，指望從戰(zhàn)爭中脫身，也為時(shí)已晚。除了屈服，淪為奴隸，我們沒有退路！戰(zhàn)爭已迫在眉睫，讓它到來吧！先生們，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我重復(fù)一遍：讓它到來嗎！Unit2 Space InvadersText ComprehensionI. CII.1. T2.T3. T4. T5. FVocabularyI.1. Drooping; loosened; slackened2. tone; sound3. already over-stimulated/restless local people/residents4. unfriendliness; cold-shouldering5. membership of a group or organizationII. 1. sidled up 2. carve out 3. attribute to 4. stake a claim 5. tread on 6. plowed into 7. is proportional to 8. breathing down their necksIII. 1. annoying 2. intuition 3. relented 4. proliferates 5. lamentably 6. expansive 7. routine 8. shrinkageIV. 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. BV. 1. significantly (considerably, incautiously) 2. shrinking (receding, lessening) 3. private (personal, individual) 4. give (present, confer) 5. tightened (tense, rigid) 6. recently (currently) 7. old-fashioned (odd, antiquated) 8. uncomfortable (nervous, upset)VI. 1. promotion 2. endure 3. willingly 4. canceled 5.the most important thing 6.moderately warGrammarI. 1.C 2. B 3. B; B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. BII. 1.Can 2. cant 3. 4. cannot 5. 6. could 7. can 8. was able to 9. may 10. were able toIII.1. He is in poor health. He could/may/might/can fall ill at any time. 2. John looks pale today. He may be ill. 3. Even experts can make mistakes. 4. John could swim when he was five. 5. Visitors could take photos of the castle. 6. Could/Can/Might/May I borrow your phone? 7. Nobody knows where he is. He could/may/might be in the library or in the lab. 8. John may have read the book on WWII. 9. I looked everywhere but I couldnt find my dictionary. 10. Kens car had been stolen, so he couldnt have given her a ride.IV. 1.so 2.not/so 3.does 4.so 5.one 6.so 7.do 8.didV. 1.It is such a surprise that I cant get over it. 2. It was such horrible weather that we spent the whole day indoors. 3. Poor Susan had such a bad headache that she couldnt get to sleep. 4. Jack was so out of breath that he couldnt speak at first. 5. The music was so loud that you could hear it from miles away. 6. The shirts became so stiff that he couldnt put them on. 7. She made such a good meal that we all ate far too much. 8. There was so much to do that nobody ever got bored.TranslationI1.在我看來，禮貌就是要給別人以空間，不冒犯別人，允許別人有隱私。 2.個(gè)人空間基本上是一個(gè)公眾場合的問題；私下里，我們是允許對(duì)個(gè)人空間進(jìn)行各種各樣的侵犯的。 3.就像我們國家擁有12海里領(lǐng)海權(quán)一樣，個(gè)人空間就是我們的邊界，只要有陌生人穿過這個(gè)邊界，就會(huì)使我們感到不安。 4. 說到底，個(gè)人空間是個(gè)心理上的問題，而不是個(gè)物理上的問題：與其說它與我們的外部空間相關(guān)，還不如說它與我們的內(nèi)心空間相關(guān)。II1. The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch and it fell after a while. 2. The payment that the motorist will have to make is proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other persons car. 3. You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach. 4. She stammered some apology for entering my office without knocking as she sidled towards the door. 5. He took pains to explain to me that I was not being dismissed because I didnt do my work well but because the company was a confronted by financial troubles. 6. The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army. 7. Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, the younger ones had to give way to them to avoid conflict. 8. The man following her made her uneasy and she couldnt help quicken her steps.III. 在一些文化中，空間感覺的一個(gè)重要方面體現(xiàn)于人們所需要的彼此感覺舒適卻又不覺得擁擠的“私人空間”。例如，北美人彼此感覺舒適所需的空間距離大約是4英尺。而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才會(huì)感覺舒服。因此，不同文化的人可能會(huì)無意間侵犯彼此的空間感。正如不同的時(shí)間觀可能會(huì)造成文化沖突，不同的空間觀也會(huì)引發(fā)同樣的問題。Unit 7 The MonsterText comprehensionI. CII. 1. T2. F3. F4. T5. TIV. 1. He almost had no sense of responsibility. 2. He wrote large numbers of letters begging for money. In some letters he was servile without shame, and in other letters he loftily offered his targeted benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support. If the recipient refused to accept his offer, i.e. refused to lend him money, he would fly into a rage. 3. He would use influence from as many people as possible in order to meet some admirer of his who was only too glad to offer him his help. 4. Since Wagner was driven by such tremendous forces, it is no wonder that he didnt behave like a normal human being.VocabularyI. 1. person with extremely excessive self-pride 2. with all their talents combined in him 3. in a bad temper; unwell or annoyed 4. without 5. use as much influence of his as possible (from behind the scenes) 6. make concessionII. 1. pulled wires2. be content with3. rolled into one4. between the lines of5. sink into6. innocent of7. out of sorts8. lay my hands onIII. 1. callousness2. tormentor3. inconceivable4. arrogantly5. gloomy6. tragedy7. delusion8. loftyIV. 1. A2. B3. C4. A5. C6. B7. A8. DV. 1. humbleness (modesty)2. amazing (stunning, miraculous) 3. cold-blooded (inhumane, merciless)4. void 5. ethical (moral, principled, scrupulous)6. parody (caricature)7. exhilaration (bliss, ecstasy)8. proudly (self-importantly)VI. 1. company2. controlled3. imprecise4. out of fashion5. immediately6. coverGrammarI. 1. at2. on3. to4. at5. from6. of7. in; for; at8. on; of; of9. over10. on; under; out ofII. 1. C2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. B8. DIII. Both John and I wanted to go to the movies, but we could not agree which picture we should go to see. A new picture was showing at the Palace and another at the Globe. Neither John nor I had seen either of these pictures. I wanted to see the one at the Globe, but John didnt.IV. 1. My cousin, John, who has a beautiful tenor voice, is appearing at the Royal Festival Hall, where I am going to meet him after the concert. 2. The roller coaster, which made its appearance in 1884, is till one of the most exciting rides in an amusement park. 3. As I could not find a British-made ballpoint pen, I bought a French one, which was expensive although it was an extremely simple pen. 4. Everybody who is interested in brass rubbings should visit our village church because it contains some beautiful brasses which date from the 14th century. 5. Despite free medical treatment being availble to everybody in the country, there are still a number of private hospitals, which are mostly patronized by foreign visitors who do not want to wait for a bed in a National Health Service hospital. 6. Crochet, which used to be a favourite pastime in Victorian times, is back in fashion because clothes have become so expensive that it is worthwile to make them. 7. Clanging its bell, the empty cable car approaches, swaying as though slightly drunk. 8. We arrived by plane from Denver, a 16-minute flight that culminated in a breathtaking touchdown at a tiny airport tucked in among the Rocky Mountains.V. 1. The child is lonely; he would be happier if he had someone to paly with. 2. I have some letters to write. 3. He was the first man to leave the burning building. 4. The pilot was the only man to survive the crash. 5. The last one to leave the room must turn out the lights. 6. That is the largest ship to be built. 7. My files are all over the place. I wish I had a box to keep them in. 8. I dont much care for cooking my self; if I had a family to cook for Id be more interested.TranslationI. 1. 任何人只要有一絲半點(diǎn)的不同意見，即使再微不足道，也足夠讓他高談闊論幾個(gè)鐘頭，用他那十分累人的雄辯從多面認(rèn)證自己是正確的，結(jié)果是他的聽眾目瞪口呆，兩耳震聾，為了息事寧人，只好順從他。 2. 他發(fā)出幾十封哀求信，有時(shí)不知廉恥地向人獻(xiàn)媚，有時(shí)他又會(huì)將對(duì)自己的支持作為某種特權(quán)高傲地賞賜給他希望得到的資助人，一旦這份榮耀被人拒絕，他又會(huì)深感被人冒犯。 3. 如果有人仰慕他的作品，能夠并且愿意為他所用，他就會(huì)動(dòng)用各種關(guān)系，想盡辦法見上一面；可是他又人因?yàn)楸硎境瞿撤N愚蠢的、毫無意義的傲慢和無視而樹立死敵。 4. 這簡直就是一個(gè)讓人難以言表的奇跡，他那可憐的大腦和身體竟然沒在在如此強(qiáng)大的創(chuàng)造力的折磨下崩潰，這個(gè)惡魔掙扎著，抓撓著要掙脫出來，撕扯著，尖叫著，想要他把內(nèi)心的音樂譜寫出來。II. 1. For the sake of your family, you should look before you leap and not take so many risks. 2. I feel a bit out of sorts after last nights heavy drink. 3. His father pulled endless wires and got him a position in an inflated government department. 4. If you read his letter carefully, you can find his real intention between the lines. 5. I knew I was downright rude to him, but I found excuses for myself. 6. Many of the oustanding figures of the past were exceptionally versatile men. Leonardo da Vinci, for instance, rolled a painter and an inventor into one. 7. He finally killed himself after being under the torment of insomnia for many years. 8. He was dumb with amazement.III. 2001年7月7日，耶路撒冷舉行的一場音樂會(huì)在以色列引起了軒然大波。世界著名指揮家丹尼爾巴倫博伊正在率領(lǐng)德國管弦樂團(tuán)在以色列藝術(shù)節(jié)上演瓦格納的音樂，而瓦格納是一個(gè)反猶太的德國作曲家，也是希特勒最欣賞的音樂家。建國以來的50多年里，以色列一直都有這么一條不成文的禁忌-不公開演出瓦格納的任何作品。因?yàn)閷?duì)許多以色列猶太 和二戰(zhàn)大屠殺的幸存者來說，瓦格納的音樂是和希特勒政權(quán)緊緊聯(lián)系在一起的。盡管瓦格納的作品在全世界范圍內(nèi)廣為人知并廣泛演出，但在以色列只要一提起瓦格納就會(huì)激發(fā)人們的憤怒和遣責(zé)。 但巴倫博伊頓姆堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，瓦格納的反猶太主義思想既不能忽視，也不可簡單地把它等同于他的音樂。他的音樂是由于它所具有的藝術(shù)價(jià)值而值得人們欣賞，一個(gè)民主的社會(huì)不應(yīng)當(dāng)阻止人們欣賞這樣的作品。Exercise for integrated skillsII. 1. while2. feminine3. that4. also5. right6. in7. where8. without9. of10. thanUnit 8 The Discus ThrowerVocabulary I. 1. reddish brown 2. low-growing 3. almost unbearable degree 4. brings the spoon into light contact with 5. visit the patients II. 1. accomplice 2. probing 3. furtive 4. solid 5. pruned 6. acknowledging 7. hefted 8. unwrapped III. 1. peculiar 2. impression 3. dwellings 4. delivery 5. disinfectants 6. assembly 7. probings 8. awkwardly IV. 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. AV. 1.stare (watch, look) 2. live (reside, inhabit, lodge, stay) 3. sway 4. satire (sarcasm, derision, ridicule) 5. tense (nervous, stressed, anxious) 6. remarkable (extraordinary, notable, striking) 7. desirable (pleasant, agreeable) 8. stretch (extend) VI. 1. location 2. praises 3. much 4. supporting 5. usually 6. bring together Grammar I. 1. you have enjoyed it 2. she needs a good rest 3. you have had a good time4. someone has/had smoked in here 5. I had run a marathon 6. Susan isnt coming7. he were an old man 8. the world were coming to an end II. 1. I were/was a child 2. it happened only yesterday 3. she knew everything 4. to let the painful memories pass 5. awakened from some dream 6. searching for something 7. she were the Queen 8. he were a patient III. 1. J 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. G 6. H 7. E 8. F 9. I 10. C IV. 1. Apes are the animals nearest to men in appearance. 2. These articles are well written, but there is still room for improvement. 3. Crises often occur in the best-regulated families. 4. The passers-by stopped and put their hands into their trouser pockets. 5. Traffic accidents often occur at crossroads. 6. Telephones are a necessity in the modern world. 7. The storms did great damage to the crops. 8. We have a very high opinion of the old professors. V. 1. are 2. is 3. are/is 4. is 5. is/are 6. is/are 7. are 8. Is VI. 1. When she came in from the rainstorm, she looked as though she had just taken a shower with her clothes on. 2. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her sides, heels slightlyraised, every muscle anticipating action. Translation I. 1. 這讓他看上去像一盤盆景，樹根和樹枝都被修剪了，一棵大樹只剩下矮小的樹干。 2. 他兩腿的殘肢，失去了腿和腳的負(fù)荷，翹在半空，露出雙腿的病況。 3. 他雙手端起盤子，放到右手上，移到手心里，然后把它穩(wěn)住。 4. 傳來盤子在他床頭對(duì)面墻上撞碎的聲音以及濕漉漉的炒蛋輕輕地掉到地板上的聲音。II. 1. Searchlights fingered across the black water. 2. Since a robbery happened in this building, the night watchman has become more careful and makes his rounds once every hour. 3. He stuck to his plan, though there was nothing left to prop him up. 4. He is paid by the police to spy on the activities of the terrorists. 5. In time they will come to accept the harsh reality. 6. That mans behavior looks very suspicious. He is pretending to sleep, but now and then he steals a furtive glance at the passers-by. 7. The social and economic changes that have taken place in this country are so sweeping that it has dwarfed all its neighbors. 8. In the dim light of the daybreak, I saw a dark shape looming athwart the door. III. 父親那些漿得發(fā)硬的襯衫是個(gè)問題。 他穿襯衫時(shí)， 把它套住頭往下拉， 兩只手左右亂伸， 尋找袖子。新襯衫非常結(jié)實(shí)，經(jīng)得起這樣拉扯，不會(huì)撕裂，但經(jīng)父親穿過后，很快就不那么 結(jié)實(shí)了。首先他知道，他會(huì)聽到它開始撕裂的聲音，這使他感到討厭。他憎恨任何脆弱的表 現(xiàn)，不管是人還是物。他憤怒時(shí)摸索袖子會(huì)比以前更加用力，接著會(huì)傳來襯衫撕裂時(shí)刺耳的 劈啪聲和母親大聲的抱怨。 Exercises for integrated skills II. 1. on 2. under 3. even 4. how 5. where 6. at 7. true 8. camps 9. as 10. eitherUnit 9 How I Found My VoiceVocabularyI. severe, smoothness in speaking, colleague, close relationship based on common interests, forced me to do anything, animatedII. retreat, pressed, gritted, critique, classics, kinship, is dubious about, round upIII. narrative, critical, fortunate, abundance, worship, dramatically, fluent, resurrection IV. ABCDACBDV. Mild(agreeable, gentle,), passionate(enthusiastic, ardent), comment(assessment,evaluation), doubt(uncertainty), certain(definite, positive), scornful(mocking), instruction(teaching, tuition), enjoy(appreciate)VI. Place, preserve, whereas, despite, very well, extension,GrammarI. can and could can express ability, permission and possibility. In sentence 1, couldexpresses possibility. In sentence 9, can ex