繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)控制線路

.,課題八繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制線路,YR系列符號(hào),繞線轉(zhuǎn)子三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)，可以通過(guò)滑環(huán)在轉(zhuǎn)子繞組中串接電阻來(lái)改善電動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械特性，從而達(dá)到減小啟動(dòng)電流、增大啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩以及調(diào)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)速的目的。,.,一、轉(zhuǎn)子繞組串接電阻啟動(dòng)控制線路,1.轉(zhuǎn)子串接三相電阻啟動(dòng)原理啟動(dòng)時(shí)，在轉(zhuǎn)子回路串入作Y形連接、分級(jí)切換的三相啟動(dòng)電阻器，以減小啟動(dòng)電流、增加啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩。隨著電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的升高，逐級(jí)減小可變電阻。啟動(dòng)完畢后，切除可變電阻器，轉(zhuǎn)子繞組被直接短接，電動(dòng)機(jī)便在額定狀態(tài)下運(yùn)行。,轉(zhuǎn)子串接三相對(duì)稱電阻器,轉(zhuǎn)子串接三相不對(duì)稱電阻器,.,2.按鈕操作控制線路,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,FU2,KH,SB5,QS,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM,R1,R2,R3,KH,SB2,SB3,SB4,電路組成分析,KM,.,L1L2L3,KM1,SB5,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,KM3,KM2,KM,R1,R2,R3,SB2,SB3,SB4,合上QS按下SB1繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)全部電阻啟動(dòng),FU1,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,KM1,SB5,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,KM3,KM2,KM,R1,R2,R3,SB2,SB3,SB4,按下SB2KM1線圈得電KM1觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)R2,R3啟動(dòng),FU1,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,KM1,SB5,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,KM3,KM2,KM,R1,R2,R3,SB2,SB3,SB4,按下SB3KM2線圈得電KM2觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)R3啟動(dòng),FU1,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,KM1,SB5,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,KM3,KM2,KM,R1,R2,R3,SB2,SB3,SB4,按下SB4KM3線圈得電KM3觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子切除全部電阻運(yùn)行,FU1,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,KM1,SB5,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,KM3,KM2,KM,SB2,SB3,SB4,松開SB4電動(dòng)機(jī)繼續(xù)運(yùn)行,R1,R2,R3,FU1,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,3.時(shí)間繼電器自動(dòng)控制線路,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,FU2,KH,SB2,QS,SB1,KM2,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,KM,R1,KT1,KT2,KT3,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KH,電路組成分析,.,L1L2L3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,合上QS按下SB1KM線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KM觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)全部電阻啟動(dòng)KT1線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KT1延時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合KM1線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KM1觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)R2,R3啟動(dòng)KT2線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KT2延時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合KM2線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KM2觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)R3啟動(dòng)KT3線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KT3延時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合KM3線圈得電,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KM3觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子切除全部電阻運(yùn)行,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,M3,SB2,SB1,KM3,KM,KM,KT3,KM2,KM1,KM3,KM2,KM1,R1,R2,R3,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM3,KT1,KT2,KM3動(dòng)斷觸頭斷開KT1線圈失電KT1觸頭斷開KM1線圈失電KM1觸頭斷開KT2線圈失電KT2觸頭斷開電動(dòng)機(jī)繼續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),KM1,KM2,KM3,KM,KT1,KT2,KT3,FU1,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,4.電流繼電器自動(dòng)控制電路,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,FU2,KH,SB2,QS,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KH,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,電路組成分析,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,合上QS按下SB1KM線圈得電,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM觸頭閉合繞線轉(zhuǎn)子串聯(lián)全部電阻啟動(dòng)K線圈得電,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA動(dòng)合觸頭閉合因啟動(dòng)電流大,KA1,KA2.KA3的動(dòng)斷觸頭斷開,繼續(xù)串聯(lián)全部電阻啟動(dòng),FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,因速度加快，電流減小，KA1欠電流,動(dòng)斷觸頭閉合KM1線圈得電KM1觸頭閉合串聯(lián)R2,R3繼續(xù)啟動(dòng),FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,因速度再加快電流繼續(xù)減小KA2欠電流,動(dòng)斷觸頭閉合KM2線圈得電KM2觸頭閉合串聯(lián)R3繼續(xù)啟動(dòng),FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,3,SB2,SB1,KM,KM,KA1,KM2,KM,R2,R1,KA2,KA1,KA,KM3,KA3,R3,KA3,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KA2,KA,KM,KM1,KM2,KM3,因速度再加快電流繼續(xù)減小KA3欠電流,動(dòng)斷觸頭閉合KM3線圈得電KM3觸頭閉合切除全部電阻全速運(yùn)行,FU2,KH,QS,KH,.,二、轉(zhuǎn)子繞組串聯(lián)頻敏變阻器啟動(dòng)控制線路,頻敏變阻器是一種阻抗值隨頻率明顯變化、靜止的無(wú)觸點(diǎn)電磁元件。它實(shí)質(zhì)上是一個(gè)鐵心損耗非常大的三相電抗器。在電動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)時(shí)，將頻敏變阻器串接在轉(zhuǎn)子繞組中，啟動(dòng)完畢短接切除頻敏變阻器。,.,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,QS,KM1,KM1,KM2,RF,KT,KM2,KM1,KH,SB2,SB1,KT,KM2,KM2,KM2,電路組成分析,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,KM1,KM2,RF,SB2,SB1,KT,KM2,KM2,合上QS按下SB1KM1線圈得電KT線圈得電,KT,KM2,KM1,KM2,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,KM1,KM2,RF,SB2,SB1,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1觸頭閉合電動(dòng)機(jī)串聯(lián)頻敏電阻啟動(dòng),KT,KM2,KM1,KM2,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,KM1,KM2,RF,SB2,SB1,KT,KM2,KM2,KT延時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合KM2線圈得電KM2觸頭閉合切除頻敏電阻電動(dòng)機(jī)全速運(yùn)行,KT,KM2,KM1,KM2,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,KM1,KM2,RF,SB2,SB1,KT,KM2,KM2,KT線圈失電KT延時(shí)閉合觸頭復(fù)位電動(dòng)機(jī)繼續(xù)全速運(yùn)行,KT,KM2,KM1,KM2,FU2,QS,KH,KH,.,三、凸輪控制器控制線路中、小容量繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的啟動(dòng)、調(diào)速及正反轉(zhuǎn)控制，常常采用凸輪控制器來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，以簡(jiǎn)化操作，如橋式起重機(jī)上大部分采用這種控制線路。,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,電路組成分析,KM,KM,.,正轉(zhuǎn),.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,合上QS,按下SB1,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,KM觸頭閉合,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,SA10,SA11,SA12,SA1,SA2,SA3,SA4,SA5,SA6,SA7,SA8,SA9,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,手輪轉(zhuǎn)到“正”位置,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,SA10,SA11,SA12,SA1,SA2,SA3,SA4,SA5,SA6,SA7,SA8,SA9,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,手輪轉(zhuǎn)到“正”位置,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,SA10,SA11,SA12,SA1,SA2,SA3,SA4,SA5,SA6,SA7,SA8,SA9,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,手輪轉(zhuǎn)到“正”位置,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,SA10,SA11,SA12,SA1,SA2,SA3,SA4,SA5,SA6,SA7,SA8,SA9,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,手輪轉(zhuǎn)到“正”位置,KM,KM,.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,SA10,SA11,SA12,SA1,SA2,SA3,SA4,SA5,SA6,SA7,SA8,SA9,54321012345,反轉(zhuǎn)零位正轉(zhuǎn),KA1,SB2,SB1,AC12,SQ1,SA10,KM,KA2,AC10,SQ2,AC11,AC,FU1,FU1,KA1,KA2,AC1,AC4,AC2,AC3,手輪轉(zhuǎn)到“正”位置,KM,KM,.,反轉(zhuǎn),.,L1L2L3,QS,AC8AC9AC7AC6AC5,5432