小學(xué)英語介詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1、小學(xué)英語介詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練介詞（Preposition）一、 概述介詞是英語中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語構(gòu)成介詞短語。同一個(gè)介詞常和不同的詞語搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。二、 常用介詞的基本用法at 表示時(shí)間： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。表示在某一具體地點(diǎn)： He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽車站。表示動(dòng)作的方向、目標(biāo)： Let me have a look at the picture 讓我看看這幅圖。用于某些固定搭配： at once 立刻、馬上 at last

2、 最后 at the same time 同時(shí) at first 開始時(shí) not at all 一點(diǎn)也不 about 表示大約時(shí)間： Its about six oclock now. 現(xiàn)在大約6點(diǎn)鐘了。表示地點(diǎn)；在周圍： Everything about me is so beautiful 我周圍的一切都那么美好。 關(guān)于，對(duì)于： We are talking about the news. 我們正在談?wù)撔侣劇?after 在之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚飯后我看電視。在后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面進(jìn)了房間。

3、 behind 在之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 樹后有一輛自行車比晚，遲于： The train is behind time. 火車晚點(diǎn)了 by 在旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床邊。到時(shí)候： We have learned three English songs by now. 到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了三首英文歌曲。以方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。用于某些固定搭配： one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè) by the way 順便說一句 for 為，給，替： Ill m

4、ake a card for my teacher. 我要給老師做張卡片。由于： Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫我。表示給（某人）用的： There is letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。 in 在里面： The pencil is in the desk. 鉛筆在課桌里。在一段時(shí)間里： We have four classes in the morning. 我們上午有四節(jié)課。用，以： Whats this in English? 這用英語怎么說？在某一年份，季節(jié)，月份： in 2002, in spring, in January 表示狀態(tài)，服

5、飾： Helen is in yellow. 海倫身穿黃色衣服。在方面： He is weak in English. 他的英語不行。用于某些固定搭配： in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time 及時(shí) like 像樣： He looks like his father. 他像他的父親。這樣，那樣： Dont look at me like that. 別那樣看著我。怎樣： Whats the weather like? 天氣怎樣。 near 靠近，在附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗戶旁。 of 的（表示所屬關(guān)系）： Th

6、is is a photo of my family. 這是一張我家的照片。的（用于所有格）： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一個(gè)朋友。表示數(shù)量（與連詞連用）： One of us is from Beijing. 我們中有一個(gè)來自北京想到，談到： I often think of them. 我常常想到他們。用于某些固定搭配： of course 當(dāng)然 because of 因?yàn)?，由?on 在上面： There are some apple on the tree. 樹上有些蘋果。在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）： They go to English c

7、lass on Sunday. 星期天他們?nèi)ド嫌⒄Z課。 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上離開北京。用于某些固定搭配： on duty 值日 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) over 在正上方： There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盞燈。遍及，穿過： There is a bridge over the river. 有座橋橫跨那條河。超過，不止： She is a little over 2. 她兩歲多了。 to 到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量

8、， 到為止 Please count from ten to thirty. 請(qǐng)從10數(shù)到30.向，對(duì)，給： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。 under Whats under your desk? 你書桌底下是什么？ with 和，寫： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家嗎？表示伴隨狀態(tài)，帶有： Whos that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰？三、 介詞的固定搭配1)介詞和名詞的連用 2)動(dòng)詞和介詞的連用at arrive at/in 到達(dá)at first 起初；開始 get off 下車

9、at last 最后 help sb. With sth. 幫組某人做某事at school 在上課，在上學(xué) ask for 請(qǐng)求at the moment 此刻 get up 起床at home 在家；無拘束 laugh at 嘲笑at present 現(xiàn)在 learn from 向?qū)W習(xí)at work 上班，在工作 look after 照顧at the same time 同時(shí) look for 尋找 think for 想到on worry about 擔(dān)心on duty 值日 listen to 聽on holiday 度假 look at 看；注視on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) talk ab

10、out 交談；談on the left/right 在左/右邊 wait for 等候；等on the radio 在廣播中 thank for 為而感謝on foot 步行 on sale 出售；降價(jià)出售 3)形容詞和介詞連用on TV 在電視上播放 be afraid of 害怕on the phone 在電話中 be careful with 小心；關(guān)心on the way 在路上 be interested in 對(duì)感興趣 be good at 善于in be proud of 感到自豪in all 總體 be crazy about 酷愛in class 在課堂上 be late f

11、or 干某事遲到in English 用英語 be good for 對(duì)有利in short 總之 4）其他in a hurry 匆忙地 by+交通工具 in the end 最后 by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/landin bed 躺在床上 lots of/a lot of 許多，大量in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中 at most 至多in fact 事實(shí)上 at least 至少in time 及時(shí)地 at once 立刻；馬上in a minute 立刻 in order to 為了練習(xí)一 將下列短語翻譯成英語。 1.在早晨_ 2.在家_ 3.上

12、周_ 4.每年_ 5.下個(gè)周末_ 6.晚飯后_ 7.八點(diǎn)以前_ 8.在冰箱的前面_ 9.步行_ 10.乘公共汽車_ 11.擅長(zhǎng)游泳_ 12.在一個(gè)星期五的早晨_二選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1) Whats this_(at, on, in ) English?2) Christmas is_(at, on, in ) the 25th of December.3) The man_(with, on, in ) black is Su Hais father.4) He doesnt do well_(at, on, in ) PE.5) Look at those birds_(on, in

13、 ) the tree.6) We are going to meet_( at, on, in ) the bus stop_( at, on, in ) half past ten.7) Is there a cat_(under, behind, in ) the door?8) Helens writing paper is_(in, in front of ) her computer.9) We live_(at, on, in ) a new house now.10) Does it often rain_ (at, on, in ) spring there?三圈出下列句子中

14、運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。1) Jim is good in English and Maths. _ 2) The films were in the ground just now. _ 3) They are talking to their plans. _ 4) How many students have their birthdays on May? _5) Womens Day is at the third of March. _ 6) I can jog to school on the morning. _ 7) Did you water trees

15、at the farm? _ 8) Can you come and help me on my English? _ 9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning._ 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? _四用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1. The man_ blue is Jacks father.2. Who the girl_ small mouth?3. You shouldnt walk_ the grass.4. Look, Nancy is sitting_ her father and mothe

16、r.5. You must stay away_ the house.6. Now, I know a lot_ insects.7. My little brother always has a lot_ questions.8. Were very happy_ school.9. Keep_ the grass, please.10. Jim is in Row 4. I sit_ him.11. Lets hurry, were late_ the class.12. Liu Tao is passing the ball_ David.13. Whos the woman_ the

17、red scarf?14. Our classroom is_ the teachers office. 15. Look_ the picture. Who is the girl_ the man and the woman. 16. Can you read the number_ one_ ten? 17. Go_ the street, turn right at the first crossing. 18. What can you see_ the tree? Some peaches. 19. Mr. Wang is ill. Hes_ home. 20. Heres a l

18、etter_ Fang Ming. Let me read it to you. 21. My skirts are_ the sofa. 22. This is a photo_ my family 23. Can I go_ you? 24. The girl_ green is my aunt. 25. There are some bikes_ the big tree. 26. Put your umbrella_ the door. 27. The post office is_ the bank of China 28. I can see a sofa_ the desk an

19、d the fridge. 29. The reading room is _the third floor_ this building. 30. Look! Its a map _ China. It looks like a rooster. 31. I cant find my CD walkman. It was_ my schoolbag and the lamp just now. 32. Come_ my home and have a look. 33. The children are talking_ that football match. 34. Today is the 6th_February. The Spring Festival is coming. 35. Your exercise book is_ the ground. Pick it up. 36. The birthday present is_ my father. Let me open it _myself. 37. He is twelve this year. But he is as tall _ his father.