人教版高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)最新梳理5篇

1、人教版高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)最新梳理5篇 高中階段學(xué)習(xí)難度、強(qiáng)度、容量加大，學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)及壓力明顯加重，不能再依賴(lài)初中時(shí)期老師“填鴨式”的授課，“看管式”的自習(xí)，“命令式”的作業(yè)，要逐步培養(yǎng)自己主動(dòng)獲取知識(shí)、鞏固知識(shí)的能力，制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃，養(yǎng)成自主學(xué)習(xí)的好習(xí)慣。 下面就是給大家?guī)?lái)的人教版高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望能幫助到大家！ 1. especially, specially especially adv. 特殊地;尤其是 (1)側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比較突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英語(yǔ)) (2) especia

2、lly 后可接介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. specially 側(cè)重特意地、專(zhuān)門(mén)地做某事 (后面常接for sb. 或to do sth.) I made a chocolate cake specially for you. 2. boring, bored, bore boring adj. 令人厭煩的 The book is very boring. bored

3、adj. 感到厭煩的 Im bored with the book. bore vt. 令人厭煩 This book bores me. 有些表示情感的及物動(dòng)詞，有與bore類(lèi)似的用法。如：interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry 這類(lèi)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，為“令人”;過(guò)去分詞形式，為“感到”。 3. except for, except, but, besides 表示“除了”的詞或短語(yǔ)有：except; but; ex

4、cept for; besides; except that (when.) 等。 (1) except 和 but 都表示“除了之外。沒(méi)有”，二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等詞后多用 but。No one knows our teachers address except / but him. (排除him) (2) besides 除之外，還，有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English與other languages都屬于kn

5、ow的范圍) (3) except for 只不過(guò)，整體肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同類(lèi)事物，for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes. 4. know, know of, know about (1) know 用作動(dòng)詞，意思是“(直接地)獲知，懂得，認(rèn)識(shí)，熟悉”。I dont know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest. (2) know of和know about的意思都是“(間接地)獲知”，指聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)到或從

6、書(shū)報(bào)上看到，二者沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。 5. for example; such as (1) for example“例如”，用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況。一般只舉同類(lèi)人或物中的“一個(gè)”為例，作插入語(yǔ)，可位于句首、句中或句末?？捎胒or instance替換。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example. (2) such as “例如”，用來(lái)列舉事物，一般列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號(hào)。Some of the Eur

7、opean Languages e from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. 注意如把前面所述情況全部舉出，用that is或namely。 as 可作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 1.as as可以在限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，as可跟在由suc, so, the same修飾的先行詞之后。 Such men as heard him were deeply moved. 聽(tīng)過(guò)他說(shuō)話的人，都會(huì)深受感動(dòng)。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中作heard的主語(yǔ)) Ive never heard such stories

8、as he _s. 我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)像他講的這樣的故事。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中作 _的賓語(yǔ)) He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. 他搬起別人都搬不起的大石頭。(as在定語(yǔ)從句中l(wèi)ift的賓語(yǔ)) 比較： 在the same 一、一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：The next day (morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/shoul

9、d + do+其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語(yǔ)+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。 6.例句：He said he would go to Bei _g the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。 I asked who was going there.我問(wèn)，誰(shuí)要去那里。 二、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen

10、 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be +doing +其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+be +not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。 6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感覺(jué)如何? He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。 一. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) (一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語(yǔ);用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)一般構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)必須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，間接引語(yǔ)則不用引號(hào)。直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，除將引語(yǔ)部分變成賓語(yǔ)從句外，還必須對(duì)直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行

11、改變。 1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化：直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞said, asked等的影響而使用過(guò)去化的時(shí)態(tài)，即把原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)向過(guò)去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，等等。例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱(chēng)代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等等的變化： 根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化，例如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” She a

12、sked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. (二)直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，都使用陳述語(yǔ)序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌?，所以變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)所用的連詞會(huì)有所不同。直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般疑問(wèn)句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問(wèn)句，則用疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)間接引語(yǔ)。轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)me, him, her, us等。如： She said,“Is your father at home?” She asked me if/w

13、hether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語(yǔ)氣(即請(qǐng)求或命令)加上ask, _, order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / _ / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,“Pl

14、ease sit down.” She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” He ordered him to go away. He said, “Dont make so much noise, boys.” He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概述 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念：它是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the riv

15、er. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式是由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式如下： 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are + 過(guò)去分詞 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were + 過(guò)去分詞 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí) w

16、ill/shall + be + 過(guò)去分詞 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are + being + 過(guò)去分詞 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were + being + 過(guò)去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has + been + 過(guò)去分詞 His work has been finished. Has

17、his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt. 7. 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had + been + 過(guò)去分詞 注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系動(dòng)詞如get, stay等也可以和過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：Their questions havent got answered. 2. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work cant be done until Mr. B

18、lack es. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語(yǔ)，其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)分別用“be going to + be + 過(guò)去分詞”和“be to + be + 過(guò)去分詞”。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：“連系動(dòng)詞+用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式完全一樣，所以應(yīng)注意它們的區(qū)別。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通?？捎胋y 引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而后者則不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞通?？杀籿ery修飾，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的過(guò)去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如： He was very excited.(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) He was much excited by her words.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))