B4U新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(第二版)綜合教程第4冊Unit1課件

1、,Read and Explore,Unit 1 Man and Nature,Get Started,Listen and Respond,Optional Classroom Activities,Enhance Your Language Awareness,1. Do you think man lives in harmony with nature now? 2. Do you think that man has been destroying nature? Could you give some examples? 3. What do you think we should

2、 do to preserve nature?,Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.,Get started-Discussion,Study the following quotes about man and nature and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.,Get started-Quotes,Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you. F

3、rank Lloyd Wright,Interpretation: As an architect, Wright emphasizes the importance of loving and studying nature. We should observe nature, take care of it and live in harmony with it. And then we will never feel disappointed with it.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Look deep into nature, and then

4、 you will understand everything better. Albert Einstein,Interpretation: As a scientist, Einstein believes that a close study of nature will help us better understand things.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,We do not see nature with our eyes, but with our understandings and our hearts. William Hazli

5、tt,Interpretation: As a writer, Hazlitt urges us to love and appreciate nature heart and soul.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,The highest purpose is to have no purpose at all. This puts one in accord with nature, in her manner of operation. John Cage,Interpretation: Mans ideal life is to be integr

6、ated into nature, so we should respect nature and follow its laws.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Watch the following video clip “If the world warms by 6 degrees ” and do the tasks that follow:,video,click here,If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the may appear bright blue, but they a

7、re marine wastelands. Deserts across continents like conquering armies. become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are and abandoned. If temperatures soar by 6 degrees within , were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out.,flooded,video,Fill in the missing words according to wha

8、t you hear from the video clip.,Video-1,_,march,_,Natural disasters,_,oceans,_,less than a century,_,click here,Video-2,2. What do you think are other possible consequences of a warmer climate? (Open.),click here,marine a. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea （近）海的；海生（產(chǎn)）的 fishery n. a part

9、of the sea used for the business of catching sea fish 近海漁場 exhaust vt. use up completely 用完，用盡,Listen and Respond Word Bank,endanger vt. cause danger to 使遭危害，危及 excessive a. too much; too great; going beyond what is reasonable or right 過多的，過分的，過度的 starvation n. U suffering or death from lack of food

10、 挨餓，饑餓；餓 死,Listen and Respond Word Bank,Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.,L Having rough footpads skid-resistant on the ice.,Chickadee,Eating twice as much food in winter as in summer to accumulate a layer of fa

11、t that will burn slowly through the cold night; Having 30 percent more feathers in winter which can be fluffed up, trapping a layer of warm air; Dropping body temperatures as much as 20 degrees below the normal 104, thereby slowing energy consumption.,Optional,Wood frog,Being frozen solid, like lump

12、s of ice in winter; Thawing out in the coming spring by flooding its bloodstream with glucose.,Snakes,In the same way as wood frogs.,Optional,Activity 2: Work in groups and conduct research on any species of wildlife that you are interested in, focusing on how they survive winter. Present your findi

13、ngs to the whole class.,Useful Expressions-A,interact with,be aware of,compel sb. to do sth.,tend to,live in fear of,be regarded as,hostile to,與互動,意識到，注意到,迫使某人做某事,傾向于,生活在對的恐懼之中,被視為,不利于,Useful Expressions-A,in the name of,show signs of,be concerned with,satisfy the needs of,from head to foot,violate

14、the laws of nature,以的名義,顯示出的跡象,關(guān)心,滿足的需求,從頭到腳；全身,違背自然規(guī)律,Useful Expressions-A,tough it out,bend under the weight of,stream out of,span the globe,take advantage of,up to,苦熬,被壓彎,成群結(jié)隊地離開,長途跋涉,利用,多達(dá)，直到,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 一、現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語： 1分詞動作一發(fā)生，謂語動作緊跟著發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作時間狀語，其邏輯主語為句中的主語。常用的動詞有：hear, see, arrive, return, g

15、et to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一個極短暫動作。如： Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. 2謂語動作發(fā)生在分詞所表示的動作過程之中，用when / while + 現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式，分詞的邏輯主語為句中的主語。如： Dont be careless when /while having an exam. 3分詞所表示的動作完成之后，謂語動作才發(fā)生，則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即having done的形式。分詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)是句中的

16、主語。如： Having finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV play.,Grammar,*,*,*,二、現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作原因狀語 1分詞短語在句中作原因狀語時，相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。當(dāng)分詞所表示的動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生時，用分詞的一般形式。如： Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. 2分詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前時，可以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式在句中作原因狀語。如：

17、 Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.,Grammar,*,*,三、現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作條件狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作條件狀語時，其邏輯主語為句中的主語，該短語相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。如： Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. 四、現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作讓步狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作讓步狀語時，其邏輯主語是句中的主語，相當(dāng)于一個讓步狀語從句，有時分詞前可以帶有連接詞although, whether, even

18、 if, even though。如： Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.,Grammar,*,*,五、現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作結(jié)果狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中可以作結(jié)果狀語，相當(dāng)于一個結(jié)果狀語從句，其邏輯主語是句中的主語。分詞短語在句中作結(jié)果狀語時，通常位于句末，中間有逗號。有時為了加強(qiáng)語氣，就在分詞前加thus。如： Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 六、分詞短語在句中表示方式或伴隨情況 現(xiàn)在分詞短語可表示方式

19、或伴隨情況，用來說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。一般情況下，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作與謂語所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，它的邏輯主語就是句中的主語，謂語動詞作為主要動作，而現(xiàn)在分詞表示一個陪襯動作。如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.,Grammar,*,*,Grammar,Now, please do the tasks on Pages 23-24 in your textbook.,writing,Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My

20、 Understanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writing should cover the following points: the relationship between man and the environment the urgency of environmental protection ways to protect the environment,writing,Sample Writing,My Understanding of Environmental Protection Man and the enviro

21、nment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth. However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, mans

22、transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and,writing,Sample Writing,sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass pr

23、oduction has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct. We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taki

24、ng care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations. (167 words),Thank You!,A possible answer: No. The present relationship between man and nature is not a

25、s harmonious as before. With the population explosion and the development of the economy, serious damage has been done to nature. All this has resulted in such problems as global warming, soil erosion, shortage of fresh water, droughts and sandstorms. Human beings no longer live in harmony with natu

26、re.,Key to Get Started (1),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,A possible answer: Yes. For example, man has cut down half of the trees that existed 10,000 years ago. The loss of trees has upset the ecosystem and resulted in the extinction of many species. Consequently, nature has lost its balance. Ano

27、ther example is that man has been burning too much fossil fuel for daily use and industrial production, which has caused heavy pollution to our environment.,Key to Get Started (2),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,A possible answer: Firstly, we shouldnt develop our economy at the expense of nature.

28、Secondly, we should take as little as possible from nature and put back into it as much as we can. Thirdly, we should form the habit of saving natural resources. We should be aware that natural resources are not inexhaustible. When we reach the point of no return, there will be nothing left for futu

29、re generations.,Key to Get Started (3),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,About Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959): an American architect and writer. He was the most creative genius of American architecture.,Authors of the Quotes (1),Key to Quotes,About Albert Einstein (1879-1955): US physicist and mathe

30、matician, born in Germany, who developed the Theory of Relativity, which completely changed the way that scientists understand space and time.,Authors of the Quotes (2),Key to Quotes,About William Hazlitt (1778-1830): a British writer and critic, known for his essays on many subjects, especially lit

31、erature. His best-known collection of essays is entitled Table Talk (席間閑談).,Authors of the Quotes (3),Key to Quotes,About John Cage (1912-1992): a US composer and pianist. In 1951, he organized a group of musicians and engineers to make the first music on magnetic tape.,Authors of the Quotes (4),Key

32、 to Quotes,If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the oceans may appear bright blue, but they are marine wastelands. Deserts march across continents like conquering armies. Natural disasters become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are flooded and abandoned. This could be our

33、world plus 6 degrees. “Warmings of 6 degrees over longer time periods have been associated with some of the most devastating mass extinctions which have ever taken place, so its certainly fair to assume that if temperatures soar by 6 degrees within less than a century, then were going to face nothin

34、g less than a global wipe out.”,Script for Watching and Discussion (1),Script for Watching and Discussion (1),6 degrees of warming has been called the Doomsday scenario. Our lives would never be the same again.,Script for Watching and Discussion (2),Script for Watching and Discussion (2),The Importa

35、nce of Protecting Sea Resources During the 19th century, people in Europe and America claimed that marine resources were unlimited. For example, a noted biologist at the time commented that none of the worlds great sea fisheries were ever going to be exhausted. Today though, there is evidence showin

36、g that marine resources are as seriously endangered as those of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food resource, as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important

37、part of their diet. It is reported that to satisfy food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish are harvested,Script for Listen and Respond (1),Script for Listen and Respond,every year in the North Atlantic alone. Sea resources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world. Scientists now b

38、elieve that food supplies from the sea wont last forever. They warn that excessive fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause starvation in some parts of the world.,Script for Listen and Respond (2),Script for Listen and Re

39、spond,1. Does man tend to become less dependent on nature with the rapid development of society? Why or why not?,No. As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. For instance, in this industrial society, it appears that man is rel

40、ying less on nature for its natural gifts since he can produce what he needs with the help of modern technology. However, man still has to take raw materials from nature for production and, in fact, depends on nature more than ever for such irreplaceable resources as coal, oil, and so on.,Key to dis

41、covering the main ideas (Ex.1.1),Key to discovering the main ideas,2. What does the author think about the present relationship between man and nature?,According to the author, the present relationship between man and nature is not as harmonious as before, as the previous dynamic balance between man

42、 and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down. It is increasingly difficult to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production and to eliminate industrial waste.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.2),Key to discovering the main

43、 ideas,3. Whats the distinct feature of modern technology according to the passage?,The distinct feature of modern technology is the increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic goods. With modern technology, man has produced and consumed more synthetic goods than he needs, which has severely

44、 polluted nature.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.3),Key to discovering the main ideas,4. Whats the solution to the ecological crisis according to the author?,According to the author, the solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature by

45、all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis is to use natural resources such as solar energy and the power of winds.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.4),Key to discovering the main ideas,5. Whats the authors attitude towards the human transformation of nature?,The author takes a neg

46、ative attitude towards human transformation of nature. According to the passage, mans transformation has brought about fatal destruction to nature. Nature is being exhausted in resources, contaminated by synthetic products, and troubled by ecological imbalance.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.

47、1.5),Key to discovering the main ideas,Key Words for Text A compel,compel vt. make (a person or thing) do sth. by force, moral persuasion, or orders that must be obeyed 強(qiáng)迫；強(qiáng)求；強(qiáng)使,I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.,Leonies mother was compelled to take in washing to he

48、lp support her family.,利奧妮的媽媽被迫在家替人洗衣服，以貼補家用。,Key Words for Text A transfer,transfer vt. (from, to) move from one place, job, position, etc., to another 常與from或to連用轉(zhuǎn)移；調(diào)動,How can I transfer money from my bank account to his?,Anton was able to transfer from Lavines to an American company.,安東成功地從拉文調(diào)到了一

49、家美國公司。,CF: move, shift, transfer, remove 這些動詞均可表示“從一處移往另一處”之意。 move指從一處到另一處的任何距離的轉(zhuǎn)移。例如： A traffic warden asked him to move his car. shift側(cè)重位置與方向的改變。例如： The entire pile shifted and slid, thumping onto the floor. transfer一般表示轉(zhuǎn)送、移交或遷移，尤指交通運輸中的換乘或職務(wù)的調(diào)動等。例如： He likes to transfer from the bus to the Blue

50、Line at 103rd Street in Watts. I was transferred to the book department.,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A transfer,remove作“移動”解時，與move可換用，還可指撤職或開除學(xué)藉等。例如： As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. The president could only be removed from power once free elections were or

51、ganised.,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A live in fear of,live in fear of be always afraid of sth./sb. or that sth. bad will happen 終日為而擔(dān)心，提心吊膽,At that time they lived in fear of being arrested by the secret police.,One in 10 Californians is unemployed

52、 and thousands more live in fear of losing their jobs.,十分之一的加利福尼亞人沒有工作，還有數(shù)以千計的人成天提心吊膽地害怕失去工作。,Key Words for Text A retreat,retreat vi. (from, to) move back or leave a center of fighting or other activity, esp. when forced to do so 常與from或to連用（尤指被迫地）撤退，退卻,It was so hot outside that even dogs would re

53、treat into the shade.,From bouncing confidence she had retreated into self-pity.,她從信心百倍變得自憐自哀。,Key Words for Text A cut down,cut down bring down by cutting 砍倒,George was trying to cut down a tree with an axe when he was caught by the police.,It was difficult to cut the tree down with a knife.,用一把刀很難

54、把這棵樹砍倒。,Key Words for Text A show signs of / show every sign of,show signs of / show every sign of show that sth. is happening or that sth. is true or exists 顯示的征兆,After years of decline, agriculture is showing signs of improvement.,Horatio and Hamlet saw the king show every sign of fear and anger.,

55、荷瑞修和哈姆雷特看到國王顯露出種種害怕、憤怒的跡象。,Key Words for Text A technology,technology n. C; U (a branch of) knowledge dealing with scientific and industrial methods and their practical use in industry; practical science （一門）科技；工藝學(xué)；工業(yè)技術(shù)；應(yīng)用科學(xué),We employed an expert to advise us on new technology in the automobile indu

56、stry.,Worldwide, an enormous amount of research effort goes into military technology.,在世界范圍內(nèi)，大量的研究精力都被投入到軍事技術(shù)上。,Key Words for Text A from head to foot,from head to foot over the whole length of ones body 從頭到腳；全身,They are protected from head to foot with face masks, caps and white gowns.,A passing lo

57、rry covered us in mud from head to foot.,一輛經(jīng)過的卡車濺了我們一身泥。,Key Words for Text A output,output n. C; U quantity of goods, etc. produced (by a machine, worker, etc.) （機(jī)器、工人等的）產(chǎn)量,The car factory hopes to increase its output by 30% next year.,Government statistics show the largest drop in industrial outpu

58、t for ten years.,政府統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示這是10年來工業(yè)產(chǎn)量最大幅度的滑坡。,Key Words for Text A cycle,cycle n. a number of related events happening in a regularly repeated order 循環(huán)，周而復(fù)始,There seems to be an endless cycle of violence in this troubled part of the world.,The figures marked the final low point of the present economic

59、 cycle.,這些數(shù)據(jù)顯示了目前經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的最低點。,Key Words for Text A destruction,destruction n. U the act of destroying or state of being destroyed 破壞；毀滅；消滅；滅亡,The enemy bombs caused widespread destruction to the city.,Some scientific discoveries have been perverted to create weapons of destruction.,某些科學(xué)發(fā)明被濫用來生產(chǎn)毀滅性武器。,Key Words for Text A as yet,as yet fml with negatives until now 正式與否定式連用到目前為止（還沒有），至今（仍不）,The extract is taken from an as