高中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解及練習(xí)(DOC)

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在解非謂語(yǔ)習(xí)題時(shí)同學(xué)們遇到最大的困難有兩個(gè)：一是如何判別是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；二是如何選用哪一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及其恰當(dāng)?shù)男问?。例題一._tired of Toms all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself. A) To get B) To have got C) Getting D) Have got 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在句子中沒(méi)有連接詞的情況下, 逗號(hào)是無(wú)力連接兩個(gè)句子的。據(jù)此，首先可以確定 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)放在句首作狀語(yǔ)。依據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)get tired of與

2、其邏輯主語(yǔ)Julia之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，沒(méi)有明顯的先后順序，可以斷定應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞一般式作原因狀語(yǔ),即“由于厭倦了Tom只說(shuō)不做的工作態(tài)度”，故正確答案為C。 例題二 _ that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him. A) Heard B) Having heard C) Hear D) To hear 依據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hear與其邏輯主語(yǔ)his friends之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，以及前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，可以斷定用現(xiàn)在分詞形式來(lái)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，再根據(jù)現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”發(fā)生在主

3、要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“來(lái)”之前，由此判斷應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式(只用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)使用)，意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)Bob已得到提升，他的朋友都來(lái)向他表示祝賀”，故正確答案為B。 非謂非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種形式名稱形式用法不定式to do表目的、將來(lái)動(dòng)名詞doing表主動(dòng)及現(xiàn)在分詞done表被動(dòng)及過(guò)去非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式變化非謂語(yǔ)形式構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)否定式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)不定式一般式to doto be donefor sb. to do sth.或of sb. to do sth.在“to”前加not或never（不定式的否定形式）完成式to have doneto have been done進(jìn)行式to be doing/完成進(jìn)行式t

4、o have been doing/動(dòng)名詞一般式doingbeing donesb.或sbs doing作主語(yǔ)要用sbs doing/完成式having donehaving been done現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞變化形式相同在前加not非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法功能的比較做賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較情況常用動(dòng)詞只接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)mind, miss, enj

5、oy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resistfeel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devo

6、te oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to兩者都可以意義基本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)作，接動(dòng)名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣行為）need, want, require（主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)名詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式）意義相反stop to do 停止手中所做的事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事意義不同remember/forget/regret to do（指動(dòng)作尚未

7、發(fā)生）remember/forget/regret doing（指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）go on to do（接著做另外一件事）go on doing（接著做同一件事）try to do（設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力）try doing（試試去做，看有何結(jié)果）mean to do（打算做，企圖做）mean doing （意思是，意味著）cant help （to） do（不能幫忙做）cant help doing（忍不住要做）be considered to have done被認(rèn)為已經(jīng)做了considerto be認(rèn)為是consider doing考慮做某事做賓補(bǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較分 類(lèi)常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯

8、關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念例 句不定式ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage主謂關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成I asked to be sent to the countryside.I heard him call me several times.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make現(xiàn)在分詞notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel主謂關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成I found her listening to

9、 the radio.過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)We found the village greatly changed.做定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較分 類(lèi)區(qū) 別例 句不定式與被修飾詞往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來(lái)，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生I have a lot of papers to type.I have a lot of papers to be typed.I havent decided which hotel to stay at.(介詞at不能丟)現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生the boiling w

10、ater / the boiled waterthe developing country/the developed countrythe falling leaves/the fallen leaves過(guò)去分詞與被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，現(xiàn)已經(jīng)完成或只表示狀態(tài)注意：the bridge to be built 將建造的橋, the bridge being built 正在建造的橋,the bridge built已經(jīng)建好的橋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞高考考點(diǎn)【考點(diǎn)一】不定式作狀語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)往往用來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)。1不定式用來(lái)

11、作目的狀語(yǔ)：作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常也是全句的主語(yǔ)，這里往往譯作“為了，想要”。To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成為贏家，你要付出所有并竭盡全力。 2不定式用于so.as to .，such.as to；enough to；too.to；only to等結(jié)構(gòu)中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。（1）Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能行行好，借給我你的自行車(chē)？（2）He is such a fool as to think that his

12、strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于認(rèn)為他奇怪的行為會(huì)影響他人。（3）He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票處，結(jié)果被告訴所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。注意：“onlyto do”表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，tell 和主語(yǔ)He 之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因而應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)則表示自然而然的結(jié)果。 （4）His parents died，leaving him an orphan.他的父

13、母去世了，使他成為孤兒?！窘?jīng)典考題】1. There were many talented actors out there just waiting_.Ato discover Bto be discoveredCdiscovered Dbeing discovered2 Why are the students working so hard these days. _ready for the coming entrance examination.ATo get BGetCGetting DGot3 With Fathers Day around the corner，I have t

14、aken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.Abuy Bto buyCbuying Dto have bought【考點(diǎn)二】過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)一樣，修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，意義上相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨狀況等。（1）Given the right kind of training，these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars. 如果得到正確的訓(xùn)練，這些少年足球選手有朝一日可能成為國(guó)際明星。（2

15、）Reminded not to miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 得到提醒不要錯(cuò)過(guò)1520的航班 ，他匆忙出發(fā)過(guò)了機(jī)場(chǎng)。2某些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化，且往往用于一些系表結(jié)構(gòu)中。此時(shí)這些過(guò)去分詞既不表示被動(dòng)，也不表示完成，而表示一種狀態(tài)，這樣的詞有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(感到厭倦)等，不管它們作什么成分都不用其ing形式。Lost in the moun

16、tains for a week，we were finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一個(gè)星期，我們最終被當(dāng)?shù)鼐焖?。Absorbed in his book，he didnt notice me enter the room.專心讀書(shū)，他沒(méi)注意到我進(jìn)入房間?！窘?jīng)典考題】1. _from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.ASeen BSeeingCHaving seen DTo see2 Michaels new house is like

17、a huge palace，_with his old one.Acomparing BcomparesCto compare Dcompared【考點(diǎn)三】現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)1動(dòng)詞的ing 短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示在進(jìn)行一動(dòng)作的同時(shí)所進(jìn)行的另一動(dòng)作，它對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞起修飾和陪襯的作用。動(dòng)詞的ing形式作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨情況。（1）Being ill，he couldnt go to school.因?yàn)樯?，他不能去上學(xué)。(原因)（2）My car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.我的車(chē)被交通擁擠堵住，所以延

18、誤了。(結(jié)果)（3）As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not moving，and asked myself what I was going to do.(伴隨)當(dāng)交通路燈變綠燈時(shí)，我站了一會(huì)兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，自問(wèn)要做什么事。2現(xiàn)在分詞有：一般式、被動(dòng)式、完成式和完成被動(dòng)式四種形式，每一種形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 構(gòu)成。一般式(doing)表示主動(dòng)的一般性的動(dòng)作或者正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；被動(dòng)式(being done)表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；完成式(having done)表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；完成被動(dòng)式(having

19、 being done)表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。（1）Not having received a reply，he decided to write again.沒(méi)有得到答復(fù)，他決定再寫(xiě)信去。（2）The old man，having worked abroad for twenty years，came back to his motherland.(work 與句子的主語(yǔ)The old man之間存在主謂關(guān)系，而且work這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前) 在國(guó)外工作了二十年，這位老人回到了祖國(guó)。（3）Having been scolded many times，he determi

20、ned to study hard to catch up with others. 多次被批評(píng)之后，他決定努力學(xué)習(xí)趕上他人。3（記?。┯幸恍┕潭ńY(jié)構(gòu)，如：generally speaking，taking everything into consideration，judging from/by等，無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是什么都用這種形式作狀語(yǔ)。（1）Taking everything into consideration，the result is better than expected.把一切因素考慮進(jìn)去，結(jié)果比預(yù)料的要好。（2）Judging from what he said，he must b

21、e an honest man.從他說(shuō)的話來(lái)判斷，他一定是一位誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。4現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：如果是意義上的主謂關(guān)系，一般用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；如果是意義上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則一般用過(guò)去分詞。（1）Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful.從山頂上看，這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。(see 與主語(yǔ)the park之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)（2）Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.從山頂上看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。(

22、see與主語(yǔ)we之間存在主謂關(guān)系)【經(jīng)典考題】1. Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle2 _at my classmates faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.ALooking BLookCTo look DLooked3 _a written permission，he

23、 had to write another letter to the president of the university.ANot giving BNot having been givenCHaving not given DHaving not been given【考點(diǎn)四】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.在我們面前有兩條路，一條通向沙灘，另一條通向公園。2過(guò)

24、去分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)或完成。For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.早飯他只喝自己農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植的新鮮水果榨出來(lái)的果汁。3動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)多表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作。We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我們被邀請(qǐng)參加下周五在我們俱樂(lè)部舉行的聚會(huì)?！窘?jīng)典考題】1. Im afraid well have to work extra hours，for there are

25、still some problems_.Aremaining to settle Bremaining to be settledCremained to talk about Dto remain to discuss2 Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one _ first is the library.Arepaired Bbeing repairedCrepairing Dto be repaired【考點(diǎn)五】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中的賓語(yǔ)往往就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，該動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)之

26、間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。（1）Ill have my house painted tomorrow. 明天我會(huì)讓人把我的房子粉刷一下。(被動(dòng))（2）（When I opened the door，I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.當(dāng)我打開(kāi)門(mén)時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)地面被落葉所覆蓋。2現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中的賓語(yǔ)往往就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，該動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作過(guò)程的一個(gè)部分?？梢詭в羞@種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有see，watch，hear，observe，feel，find，have，keep

27、等。They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他們使用電腦使交通暢通無(wú)阻?！窘?jīng)典考題】1. Listen！Do you hear someone _ for help?Acalling Bcall Cto call Dcalled2 Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.Ato recognize BrecognizingCrecognize Drecognized3 Its wonderful to hike with Dad and I have

28、felt _with him.Ato protected BprotectedCprotecting Dto be protected【 考點(diǎn)六】have, get后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)have，get 后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其中have，get表示“使、讓、叫”之意。1have sth. doneget sth. done 使/讓某事由別人去做(叫/讓某人做某事)Ill have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天得(請(qǐng)人)修一下我的自行車(chē)。Mr Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holida

29、y.2. have/get sb. /sth. doing 使某人/物持續(xù)做某事注意： have sb. doing 若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不允許你和你父親那樣講話。 3. have sb. do sth. 叫某人做某事【經(jīng)典考題】1 I have a lot of readings _before the end of this term.Acompleting Bto completeCcompleted Dbeing completed2 With the world

30、 changing fast，we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.Adeal BdealtCto deal Ddealing3 Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers _to her mother on her birthday.Asend BsentCsending Dbeing sent非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞高考真題練習(xí)1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _ a good coll

31、ege.A. enter。mB. to enterC. entering。mD. entered2He ran as fast as he could _ to catch the early bus.A. to hope。mB. hopeC. hoping。mD. hoped3.He spent every minute he could _ spoken English.A. practise。mB. to practiseC. practising。mD. practised4.Before going abroad he devoted all he could _ his oral

32、English.A. improve。mB. to improveC. improvingD. to improving5. He knows nothing about it, so he cant help _ any of your work. A. doingB. to doC. being doingD. to be done6. All her time _ experiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to doB. devoted to doingC. devoting to doingD. is devoted to do

33、ing7. Once your business becomes international, _ constantly will be part of your life.A. you flyB. your flightC. flightD. flying8. Not only should you get used _ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention _ your work well. A. to work, to do B. to working, to doingC. to work, to

34、doing D. to working, to do9. Both of my parents insisted _ a computer for me, but I dont think it is necessary.A. to buyB. buyingC. on buyingD. in buying10. “Do you have anything more _, sir?” “No. You can have a restordo something else.”A. typingB. to be typedC. typedD. to type11. I dont know wheth

35、er you happen _ it, but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard12. _ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _ the beautiful scenery. A. Tiring; to admire B. Being tired; admiring C. Tired; to admire D. Tir

36、ed; admiring13. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run14. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be put C. to put D. putting 15. _ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolen

37、 B. Having been stolen C. Stolen D. Stealing16. To answer correctly is more important than _.A. that you finish quickly B. finishing quickly C. to finish quicklyD. finish quickly17. You will see this product made in this factory _ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. ad

38、vertising18. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _ the river.A. to have discovered B. to have been discoveredC. to discover D. having been discovered19. Have you considered _ your job as a teacher?Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _ a gardener.A.

39、to change; to be B. to change; being C. changing; being D. changing; to be20. Mr. Green is said _ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.A. to do B. to have done C. to be doing D. to have been doing21. Seeing the soldiers well _ for the flood-fight, the general nodde

40、d with satisfaction.A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. having prepared22.（山西省晉中市2009學(xué)年度高三年級(jí)第一次調(diào)研考試題，35）I walked out of the cinema, Id never come back to this hell of a placeAdetermining Bdecided Cto determine Dto decide23.（山東省日照市2009年高三模擬考試，26）Every time he had a chance，he would talk about the g

41、reat difficulty he had in the new country Asettled Bsettling Cto settle Dsettle24. （山東省濟(jì)寧市20082009學(xué)年度高三第一階段質(zhì)量檢測(cè)，32）There was a sudden burst of light a terrible noise.Afollowing Bto followCfollowedDfollowed by25.（福建福州八中2009年元月高三調(diào)研考試試卷，30） in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Gam

42、es, the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world ADressed BWorn CDressing DWearing26.（福建福州八中2009年元月高三調(diào)研考試試卷，34）The problems at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve Adiscussed Bto discuss Cto be discussedDdiscussing27.（唐山市2008-2009學(xué)年度高一第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)，20）When why he b

43、ehaved that way at table，he made no replyAbeing asked B asked Casking Dto ask28. （唐山市2008-2009學(xué)年度高一第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)，23） ，Mom had a cup of coffee and a few minutes rest AWith her housework done BWith her housework being done CWith her housework doing DWith her housework to do29.（湖南省衡陽(yáng)市八中2009年上期高二第一次月考試卷，31）

44、The manager introduced the rules that she would like to see _ the next year.A. establish B. establishing C. established D. to establish30.（重慶市一中08-09學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末，22）_ in thought completely, he didnt even know what was going on. A. Losing B. Lost C. Having lost D. Having been lost【答案與解析解析】1. 【解析】其實(shí)正確答案應(yīng)

45、是B此句為省略句，即在 could 后省略了動(dòng)詞 do，若把句子補(bǔ)完整應(yīng)為Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短語(yǔ)(to enter a good college)是用作目的狀語(yǔ)的，而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(could)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。2【解析】此題的答案是 C不是A，其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。3.【解析】此題答案選 C，這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend (in

46、) doing sth。若將此句補(bǔ)充完整，即為 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.4.【解析】此題答案選D，注意兩點(diǎn)：一是 devote to 是固定搭配，意為“把貢獻(xiàn)給”；二是其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞。5. 【解析】其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選A。比較以下結(jié)構(gòu)：cant help to do sth = 不能幫助做某事cant help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事6. 【解析】此題最佳答案為B。現(xiàn)分析如下：(1) devote 意為“致力于，獻(xiàn)身于”

47、，主要用 devoteto或be devoted to，其中的to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不用不定式。(2) 選A錯(cuò)誤：若將 do 改為 doing 則可以。(3) 選B正確：all her time devoted to doing experiments為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語(yǔ)。(4) 選C錯(cuò)誤：因?yàn)閍ll her time 與 devote 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將devoting改為devoted。(5) 選D錯(cuò)誤：若單獨(dú)看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是逗號(hào)前后兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有必要的連

48、接方式，所以從整體上看仍不對(duì)，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，則可選D，或?qū)將中的is 改為 being也可選它。7. 【解析】最佳答案為D。由于空格后出現(xiàn)了constantly這一副詞，這就說(shuō)明不能選B或C，因?yàn)锽、C均為名詞，不能受副詞 constantly 的修飾。A和D均是可能的，因?yàn)槠渲杏袆?dòng)詞 fly。但若選A，you fly 是一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，與其后的謂語(yǔ) will be 相沖突，所以只能選D，即動(dòng)名詞flying在此用作主語(yǔ)。8. 【解析】正確答案為B，因?yàn)?get used to與pay attention to 這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的to均為介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不能動(dòng)詞原形。類(lèi)似地，以下各結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to 也是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)也應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞，而不是動(dòng)詞原形9.【解析】答案應(yīng)選C。其實(shí)，動(dòng)詞 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接動(dòng)名詞，因?yàn)閕nsist 通常用作不及物動(dòng)詞；若語(yǔ)義上需接賓語(yǔ)，要借助介詞 on或upon，即用于 insist on upon (doing) sth；但它有時(shí)的確也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，不過(guò)其賓語(yǔ)通常只能是 that 從句，而不能是普通的名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。10. 【解析】最佳答案是B。確實(shí)，在“h