反身代詞用法匯總

1、.反身代詞構(gòu)成固定搭配大全反身代詞是指myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself。通常有強調(diào)性用法和非強調(diào)性用法。用法：一、反身代詞的基本形式反身代詞是 oneself根據(jù)所指詞的人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有 myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。二、oneself與himself當(dāng)one指人時，其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself, 在

2、美國英語中也可用himself：One should not praise oneself himself. 一個人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。三、反身代詞的句法功能：1. 用作同位語(加強被修飾詞的語氣，緊放在被修飾名詞后, 或句末)：The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。Mrs.Black herself is a lawyer. 布萊克太太本人就是一名律師。You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好問司機本人。Martin himself attended the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人。Dont tr

3、ouble to come over yourself. 你不必費神親自來了。You yourself said so. / You said so yourself. 你自己是這樣說的。Never leave to others what you ought to do yourself. 不要把自己該做的事留給別人做。2. 用作賓語(動詞或介詞的賓語)：Take good care of yourself. 好好照顧你自己。He has a right to decide for himself. 他有權(quán)為自己做出決定。He made no complaint for himself. 他

4、沒為自己抱怨什么。The child can dress himself. 這孩子能自己穿衣服了。She finally gained control of herself. 最后她控制住了自己。She could not make herself understood. 她不能使別人聽懂她的話。Everybody here has the influenza including myself. 包括我在內(nèi)所有人都患上流感。The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭著哭著睡著了。She convinced herself that it was so. 她說服自

5、己情況是這樣的。He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手槍用來自衛(wèi)。3. 用作表語The poor boy was myself. 那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。Mary hasnt quite been herself recently. 瑪麗近來感到不適。The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我們自己?！菊f明】有時用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表語表示身體或精神處于正

6、常狀態(tài)：Im not quite myself these days. 我近來身體不大舒服。Ill be myself again in no time. 我過一會兒就會好的。4. 用作主語。在現(xiàn)代英語中，反身代詞一般不能獨立用作主語，但是它卻可以借助 and, or, nor 等連詞與其他名詞一起構(gòu)成并列主語(且位于并列主語的后部)，以及用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(如as.as等)：My brother and myself went there yesterday. 昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那兒。Jims sister and himself get up at six every day. 吉姆的妹

7、妹和他每天6點起床。He was as anxious as myself. 他和我一樣擔(dān)心。注意：反身代詞不能做主語，但可作主語同位語，放在主語后或句末。如：我自己去了電影院。錯：Myself went to the cinema .對：I went to the cinema myself.反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語You can go and ask John himself.翻譯：你可以去問約翰本人。反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語。by oneself 全靠自己；say to oneself 自言自語。She learnt swimming all by herself.她是自學(xué)游泳的。Sh

8、e said to herself,Who am I?她自言自語的說：“我是誰？”反身代詞作動詞的賓語enjoy oneself 玩得高興；help oneself (to) 隨便用；hurt oneself 傷害自己；teach oneself 自學(xué)；get dressed oneself 自己穿衣seat oneself 就坐一.強調(diào)性用法:1.反身代詞用于強調(diào)時經(jīng)常作主語或賓語的同位語,一般置于所強調(diào)的詞的后面;但如果不影響理解,作同位語的反身代詞其位置比較靈活。2.反身代詞用于強調(diào)時要重讀。例:The manager himself served the customers.The m

9、anager served the customers himself.經(jīng)理親自為顧客服務(wù)。I told them I wanted to see the manager himself.我告訴他們我要見經(jīng)理本人。3.在but, except, like, as，for 等詞之后,或作對比時,賓格和反身代詞都可以用,但后者的語氣更強。例:For my wife and me / myself it was a most enjoyable weekend.對于我妻子和我(本人)來說,這是一個非?？鞓返闹苣he is about the same age as you / yourself.

10、她的年齡和你(本人)差不多。4.反身代詞作介詞賓語或動詞賓語時，有時也可起強調(diào)作用。例:He has been living by himself since his parents died.他父母死后,他就一直一個人生活。(by himself = alone)This matter is between ourselves(without anyone else knowing)She finished the job by herself.她獨自完成了這項工作。(by herself = without help)5. 反身代詞作表語時也可表示特殊意義。例:I am not quite

11、 myself today.今天我身體不舒服。(=I am not feeling so well as I usually do）2. 非強調(diào)性用法1.反身代詞作動詞賓語時常常是非強調(diào)性的。有些動詞與反身代詞成為固定搭配,請注意,漢譯時“自己”多不譯出。例:（1）behave oneself 有禮貌;規(guī)矩：He behaves himself well.他為人很好。Behave yourself while I am away.我不在,你要規(guī)矩點。（2）enjoy oneself 過得快活：We all enjoyed ourselves in the party.我們在聚會上都玩得很痛快。

12、（3） express oneself 表達(dá)自己的意思Can you express yourself in English? 你能用英語表達(dá)思想嗎?He expressed himself satisfied.他表示滿意。（4）present oneself 到場；present itself 出現(xiàn)He presented himself for a checkup at the hospital.他到醫(yī)院接受體格檢查。When the cave door was unlocked, a sorrowful sight presented itself。山洞門一打開,就出現(xiàn)了一幅悲慘的景象。

13、（5）reveal itself 出現(xiàn)Gradually sounds multiplied and life revealed itself.聲音漸漸多起來,生活又開始了。（6）collect oneself 清醒過來,鎮(zhèn)定下來I accepted the offer before I was able to collect myself.我還沒來得及考慮一下,就接受了幫助。（7）help oneself 自用，自取所需Please help yourself to enjoy the food.請隨便吃。2.有時“動詞+反身代詞”之后,還需要一定的+介詞，構(gòu)成固定搭配。例:（8）busy

14、oneself with 忙于He busied himself with numerous tasks around the house. 他忙于家里的許多事情。（9）avail oneself of 利用We availed ourselves of every chance to speak English.我們利用每個機會講英語。（10）address oneself to專心于(工作)They address themselves to the main difficulties.他們專心致志解決主要困難。（11）devote oneself to 致力于;獻(xiàn)身于We are det

15、ermined to devote ourselves to the cause of education.我們決心為教育事業(yè)獻(xiàn)身。3.有些動詞接反身代詞后再接+that從句:（12）assure oneself that.確信Before going to bed, she assure herself that the door was locked. 她確信門已鎖好才去睡覺。（13）flatter oneself that .自以為He flattered himself that he would win the first prize. 她自以為會獲得第一名。三區(qū)別by onself

16、；of oneself；for oneself；to oneself。1.By oneself單獨地，獨自地1)Theymadethemodelmachinesallbythemselves.2)Youcancompletethetaskbyyourself.2.Of oneself自行地1)Thefirediedofitself.2)Thebabywokeupofhimselfallofasudden.3.For oneself親自，為自己1) Doyouhaveanyingtosayforyourself?2)Onecannotdosuchathingforoneself.4. To on

17、eself含有“暗自（在心中）的意思 ，常與動詞 think,say, talk, tell等連用。1)Theboysaidtohimself.Imuststudyhard.2)Thisdictionaryisusedtohimself.根據(jù)以上例句，我們可以看出：byoneself主要含義為獨自，自個兒、親自，沒有別人幫助，相當(dāng)于alone;ofoneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的動作，常用在不及物動詞之后；foroneself一般表示“為自己”的意思；tooneself則強度調(diào)“供某人獨自用”和“暗自”的含義 。英語中反身代詞與不同的介詞搭配，可構(gòu)成意義不同的習(xí)慣用語，學(xué)習(xí)者對如

18、何選用這些習(xí)語感到困難。其實，這些習(xí)慣用語的意義往往與介詞的意義有聯(lián)系，一旦見多了，對每個習(xí)語所表達(dá)的意思和所使用的語境便熟悉了，用起來就不會感到困難?，F(xiàn)將這類習(xí)慣用語分述如下：1. （all ） byoneself單獨地，獨自地“靠自己地”（ alone or independently）。1)Theymadethemodelmachinesallbythemselves.2)Youcancompletethetaskbyyourself.3）She did it all by herself.這件事是她獨立完成的。4）The little girl wrote the letter all

19、 by herself.那封信是小女孩獨自寫成的。5）She likes to take a walk by herself.她喜歡獨自散步。6）The house stands all by itself on the hill.那所房子孤零零地聳立在山頂上。7）His father lives by himself in the village他的父親獨自一個人住在村里。8）All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now他所有的朋友都離棄他，現(xiàn)在他孤獨一人。（byoneself主要含義為獨自兒、親自，沒有別人幫助

20、，相當(dāng)于alone;ofoneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的動作，常用在不及物動詞之后）2.ofoneself自行地 自發(fā)，自動，自然而然，“自然地”、“自發(fā)地”、“自動地”（of ones own accord）。1)Thefirediedofitself.2)Thebabywokeupofhimselfallofasudden.3）You need not call him;he will wake up of himself,他不必叫他，他自己會醒的。4）The enemy will not perish of himself.敵人不會自行消滅。5）The fire went

21、out of itself.火是自己熄滅的。6）Every day I awake of myself at half past five每天早上我都是五點半就自己醒來。7）The door opened of itself門是自己開的。8）The fire went out of itself火自己熄滅了。3.foroneself 親自，為自己，代表自己 ；獨自地1) Doyouhaveanyingtosayforyourself?2)Onecannotdosuchathingforoneself.3）He kept the book for himself.他把這本書留給自己用。4）I h

22、ave something to say for myself.我有要辯白的話。5）He is old enough to do it for himself.他年齡夠大了，可以獨自做這件事了。6）One cant do such a thing for oneself.這樣的事情獨自一個人是做不成的。7）One should not live only for oneself人不應(yīng)單為自己而活。（foroneself一般表示“為自己”的意思 ）4. tooneself 含有“暗自（在心中）的意思 ，常與動詞 think,say, talk, tell等連用。1)Theboysaidtohim

23、self.Imuststudyhard.2)Thisdictionaryisusedtohimself.3）He has a room to himself.他獨住一間房。4）We had the whole compartment to ourselves.這個車箱就只有我們幾個人。5）I began to say to myself,What about becoming an actor?我開始暗自思量，“去當(dāng)演員好不好？”6）He appeared to be talking to himself.他似乎在自言自語。7）When one dines in a restaurant，on

24、e likes a table to oneself人們在飯店吃飯時，總是喜歡獨占一桌。（tooneself則強度調(diào)“供某人獨自用”和“暗自”的含義）三、其它介詞與反身代詞1. beside oneself “失?！?、“發(fā)狂”。例：He was beside himself with joy他欣喜若狂。2. among themselves (ourselves,yourselves) 一起,共同之間They were arguing among themeselves. 他們在一起爭論3. beside oneself (with.).得要命,失常,發(fā)狂.On hearing the goo

25、d news, he was beside himself with joy.一聽到這個好消息,他簡直欣喜若狂.4. between ourselves (=between you and me;between you,me and the gatepost)私下談;不和外人談This matter is between ourselves.這件事別對外人講.5. in oneself 本質(zhì), 本身 實際上,就其本質(zhì)而言1）The book is really a small library in itself.那部書本身是個小圖書館。2）He told us not to lose fait

26、h in ourselves.他告訴我們不要失去自信心。3）Water is colourless in itself.水本質(zhì)是無色的.6.in spite of oneself 不由自主地I laugh in spite of myself.我不由自主的笑起來.by oneself，for oneself，in oneself，of oneself這四個詞組的意義有所不同。By oneself的意思是“單獨地”、“靠自己地”（ alone or independently）。例：His father lives by himself in the village他的父親獨自一個人住在村里。All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now.他所有的朋友都離棄他，現(xiàn)在他孤獨一人。Fo