制藥工程專外

1、.制藥工程專業(yè)英語Unit 1production of drugs P1單詞Compound 化合物 intermediate 中間產(chǎn)物 alkaloids 生物堿 enzymes酶 peptide 肽 hormones 荷爾蒙 modification 修飾 chloramphenicol 氯霉素 metabolites 代謝物 substitute 替代品 derivative衍生物 active 活性 absorption 吸收 extraction 提取Recombinant 重組 insulin 編碼 neuroactive 神經(jīng)活性 start materials 起始原料 re

2、crystallization 重結(jié)晶 methanol 甲醇Ethanol 乙醇 isopropanol 異丙醇 butanol 丁醇 benzene 苯翻譯Known examples are the enzymatic cleavage of racemates of N-acetyl-D, L-amino acids to give L-amino acids, the production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid from benzylpenicillin by means of penicillinamidase and the aspartase-

3、catalysed stereospecific addition of ammonia to fumaric acid in order to produce L-aspartic acid.著名的例子是對N-乙酰-D，L-氨基酸消旋給予L-氨基酸酶裂解，從青霉素生產(chǎn)8-氨基青霉烷酸的青霉素酰胺酶手段和天冬氨酸酶，催化氨立體除了富馬酸為了酸生產(chǎn)L-天門冬氨酸。Reading material 1 p7Antagonist 抑制劑 receptor 受體 clinical investigation 臨床研究antibacterial抗菌的 inhibition 抑制 mercurial 水銀

4、 prescription 處方 antibiotics 抗生素 receptor blockers 受體阻斷劑 enzyme mhibitors 酶抑制劑 chemotherapeutic 化學(xué)治療 dominate 占主導(dǎo) Unit 3 chemotherapy: an introduction P29單詞chemotherapy化學(xué)治療 superstition 迷信 pathogenic 致病的 Distribution 分布 selectively 選擇性 phenol 酚類 alkylate 烷基化 Aniline 苯胺 antibacterial 抗體 resistant str

5、ains 耐藥菌株 vitro 體內(nèi)翻譯The activity of the arsenical drugs is explained as due to a blocking of essential thiol groups.For example, lipoic acid dehydrogenase contains two cysteine molecules, while are kept near each other by folding of the molecule. As a result, an arsenical can react with these thiol

6、groups and inactivate the molecule, as show in equation.對含砷藥物活性被解釋為由于阻塞必不可少的巰基。例如，硫辛酸脫氫酶包含兩個半胱氨酸分子，同時保持彼此鄰近的分子折疊。作為一個結(jié)果，砷能與這些硫醇基團(tuán)的反應(yīng)和失活的分子，如顯示方程。The antimony ions are believed to combine with the mercapto groups of the microorganisms phosphofructokinase. In the host, this enzyme is apparently suffic

7、iently different that as antimony does not react to the same degree . This inhibition of phosphofructokinase results in accumulation of fructose-6-phosphate. As a result, a major source of energy is denied the infecting organism.銻離子被認(rèn)為是結(jié)合微生物的磷酸果糖激酶巰基。在主機(jī)中，這種酶顯然是足夠不同的，銻不相同程度的反應(yīng)。這種抑制導(dǎo)致積累果糖-6-磷酸果糖激酶。作為

8、一個結(jié)果，一個主要的能量來源是否認(rèn)的感染有機(jī)體。Unit 6 isolation of caffeine from tea P68單詞Caffeine 咖啡因 tannin 丹寧 gallic acid 五倍子酸cellulose纖維素glucose葡萄糖chloroform氯仿beaker燒杯crystallization結(jié)晶purification純化apparatus儀器filterpaper濾紙hydroxylgroup羥基carboxylgroup羧基benzene苯acetone丙酮evaporation蒸發(fā)insoluble不溶的condensation冷凝residue殘留物翻

9、譯Tannins are usually divided into two classes: those which can be hydrolyzed and those which cannot. Tannins of the first type which are found in tea generally yield glucose and gallic acid when they are hydrolyzed.丹寧通常分為兩類：那些可以水解和那些不能。第一種丹寧酸在茶葉中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一般產(chǎn)生葡萄糖和沒食子酸在水解時。填空The active ingredient that makes

10、 tea and coffee valuable to man is caffeine. Caffeine is an alkdoids, a class of naturally occurring compounds containing nitrogen and having the properties of an organic amine base.Place 35g of ground coffee , a boiling stone , and 125ml of water into a 500ml three neck round bottom flask equipped

11、with a condenser for refux. Stopper the unused openings in the flask and heat the mixture under reflux for about 20 minutes. Use a Bunsen burner to heat .During the heating period, assemble a vacuum filtration apparatus. When boiling action has stopped and the coffee grounds have settled somewhat, b

12、ut while the solution is still hot, filter the solution through a funnel by vacuum filtration.回答問題1. What kinds of drugs can be slit into according to the origin?Depending on their production or pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: 1.Totally synthetic material. 2. Natural products.

13、3. Products from partial syntheses.2. Please illustrate approaches for drug discovery .These are :natural products, existing drugs, screens and physiological transmitters.3. What are the components in the tea?Caffeine , cellulose, tannin4. What is the different between two kinds of tannin ?Those which can be hydrolyzed and those which cannot.5. How to isolate caffeine from tea?Place25gofdrytealeaves,25gofcalciumcarbonatepowder,and250mlofwaterina500mlthreeneckroundbottomflaskequippedwithacondenserforreflux.Heatingthemixtureunderrefluxforabout20minutes.Whilethesolutio