牙體牙髓病學(xué)英文試題

1、牙體牙髓病學(xué)英文試題一、選擇題1.對牙髓最具有破壞性的是CA.Nd激光B.CO2激光C.紅激光D.光固化燈E.牙髓活力電測定儀2.感染根管常見的優(yōu)勢菌不包括CA.普氏菌B.放線菌C.G細(xì)菌D.真桿菌E.梭形桿菌3.備洞時易損傷牙髓的因素不包括BA.施力大B.用冷卻劑C.持續(xù)常時間鉆磨D.制備深的窩洞E.不用冷卻劑4.與頑固性根尖周病變和竇道經(jīng)久不愈可能有關(guān)的細(xì)菌為BA.普氏菌B.放線菌C.G細(xì)菌D.真桿菌E.梭形桿菌5.判斷牙髓活力最可靠的檢查方法是DA.熱診B.冷診C.牙髓活力電測定D.試驗性備洞E.X線檢查6診斷殘髓炎最準(zhǔn)確的依據(jù)是EA.叩診B.牙髓活力測試C.病史D.癥狀E.探查治療后根

2、管有痛覺7急性根尖周膿腫最佳的排膿途徑CA.從牙周間隙排膿B.從頰、舌側(cè)粘膜或皮膚排出C.經(jīng)根管從齲洞排膿D.從上頜竇或鼻腔排膿E.以上都不對8感染侵入牙髓組織的途徑EA.深齲B.深牙隱裂C.深牙周袋D.重度磨耗E.以上都有可能9根尖周炎疼痛最劇烈的階段是BA.粘膜下膿腫期B.骨膜下膿腫期C.漿液期D.根尖膿腫期E.瘺管形成期10上頜第一磨牙的根管形態(tài)特點是：CA.多數(shù)是2根管，即1個頰根管和1個腭根管B.多數(shù)是3根管，即1個近頰、1個遠(yuǎn)頰和1個腭根管C.多數(shù)是4根管，即2個近頰、1個遠(yuǎn)頰和1個腭根管D.多數(shù)是4根管，即1個近頰、2個遠(yuǎn)頰和1個腭根管E.多數(shù)是4根管，即1個近頰、1個遠(yuǎn)頰和2個

3、腭根管1115號標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根管銼的銼尖直徑和刃部末端直徑分別是：DA.0.10mm和0.47mmB.0.10mm和0.45mmC.0.15mm和0.45mmD.0.15mm和0.47mmE.以上都不對12彎曲根管預(yù)備的常見并發(fā)癥是：AA.根管臺階B.藥物性根尖周炎C.牙周組織壞死D.皮下氣腫E.誤戲和誤咽13根管預(yù)備的工作長度是指：DA.牙的實際長度B.從牙冠參照點到牙本質(zhì)牙釉質(zhì)界C.從牙冠參照點到解剖根尖孔D.從牙冠參照點到生理根尖孔E.從牙冠參照點到距生理根尖孔0.51mm14根管成形的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：AA.根管比原來直徑至少擴大3個器械號B.根尖預(yù)備到20號標(biāo)準(zhǔn)器械C.根管內(nèi)無大量滲出D.根管沖洗無混

4、濁液體E.根管內(nèi)無嚴(yán)重氣味15下列哪一項不是牙髓切斷術(shù)的潛在并發(fā)癥：EA.根髓感染B.根管鈣化C.內(nèi)吸收D.牙髓壞死E.髓室穿孔16下列哪一項描述不是玻璃離子粘固劑修復(fù)術(shù)窩洞預(yù)備的特點（）CA.玻璃離子粘固劑與牙體組織有化學(xué)粘接，對固位形的要求可放寬B.不必作倒凹、鳩尾等固位形C.去除齲壞牙本質(zhì)，必須作預(yù)防性擴展D.窩洞的點、線角圓鈍E.洞緣釉質(zhì)不作斜面17深齲患者激發(fā)痛較重，洞底軟齲能夠徹底去凈，治療方法應(yīng)選擇（）CA.雙層墊底，一次完成充填治療B.局麻下開髓失活，行牙髓治療C.先做安撫治療，待12周復(fù)診時癥狀消除后，再以雙層墊底充填治療D.實行活髓切斷術(shù)E.間接蓋髓、雙層墊底，一次完成充填

5、治療18臨床上不易查出的繼發(fā)齲可用下列哪些方法幫助診斷（）CA.探診B.溫度測驗C.X線D.染色法E.麻醉法19深齲備洞時，下列哪項措施是錯誤的（）AA.洞底平、側(cè)壁直，兩相垂直B.去盡腐質(zhì)C.保護牙髓D.洞緣線圓鈍E.盡量保留健康牙體組織20復(fù)合樹脂充填后脫落的原因如下，除了（）AA.制備了固位形B.牙齒表面未注意清潔C.酸蝕后的牙面接觸唾液D.未制備洞斜面E.充填體過薄21下列哪項不是窩洞的基本固位形()BA.側(cè)壁固位B.釘?shù)拦涛籆.倒凹固位D.鳩尾固位E.梯形固位22制備倒凹是為了：()BA.獲得良好的抗力形B.獲得良好的固位形C.便于墊底D.便于充填E.便于放置蓋髓劑23V類洞充填備洞

6、時，要求：()AA.適當(dāng)?shù)墓涛恍蜝.嚴(yán)格的抗力形C.必須做鳩尾D.口小底大E.底平壁直24右下頜第一恒磨牙頰面齲洞破壞越過邊緣嵴至咬合面窩溝是：()AA.I類洞B.II類洞C.III類洞D.IV類洞E.V類洞25墊底的部位為：()DA.僅在髓壁B.僅在軸壁C.僅在側(cè)壁D.僅在髓壁和軸壁E.任何壁均可墊26下列說法正確的是BA.男性患齲率略高于女性B.齲病流行率主要隨社會經(jīng)濟模式而變化C.齲病流行模式依靠地理環(huán)境而改變D.遺傳因素對齲病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要的影響E.環(huán)境因素對齲病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展無影響27釉質(zhì)齲損害的4個區(qū)不包括AA.壞死區(qū)B.透明帶C.暗帶D.損害體部E.釉質(zhì)表面層28牙本質(zhì)齲損在

7、光鏡下可看到微生物滲透至牙本質(zhì)小管的區(qū)域是BA.壞死區(qū)B.感染層C.牙本質(zhì)脫礦區(qū)D.硬化區(qū)E.修復(fù)性牙本質(zhì)層29靜止齲屬于BA.急性齲B.慢性齲C.繼發(fā)齲D.牙釉質(zhì)齲E.牙骨質(zhì)齲30病程進展快，多數(shù)牙在短期內(nèi)同時患齲的急性齲稱為EA.濕性齲B.慢性齲C.干性齲D.繼發(fā)齲E.猛性齲31. Which is the best way of pain control for endodontic treatmentALocal anestheticsBDevitalizationCAnalgesicsDOcclusal reductionEIncising and drainage32. Which

8、 one is not the reason for use of rubber damAProtect aspiration or swallowing of instruments or irrigantsBEliminate the dental fear of patientsCImprove visibilityDReduced risk of cross-contaminationELegal considerations33. The following statements are correct exceptANearly all canals exhibit a certa

9、in degree of curvature.BThere may be more than one canals within one root.CThe apical foramen usually opens at the anatomical apex.DApical constriction occurs at 0.51mm from the apical foramen.ELateral and accessory canals might be the cause of treatment failure.34. Which one is wrong regarding the

10、principle of access cavityAStraight-line accessBConservation of tooth structureCUnroofing of the chamber and exposure of pulp hornsD.Facial surface of anterior teethEOcclusal surface of posterior teeth35. The advantages of gutta-percha as a filling material areAIt is compactible and adapts excellent

11、ly to the irregularities and contour of the canalBIt is radiopaqueCIt can be easily removed from the canal when necessaryDIt can be softened and made plastic by heat or by organic solventsEAll of the above36. Which one is incorrect about the criteria of the root canal is ready to be filled after the

12、 completion of root canal cleaning and shaping?AThe tooth is asymptomatic.BThe canal is wet.CThere is no sinus tract.DThere is no foul odor.EThe temporary filling is intact37. Which one is not the pathways of pulpal and periapical infections?ADentinal tubulesBPulp exposureCGingivalDPeriodontal ligam

13、entEAnachoresis38. Tug-back is achieved and the canal is ready for fillingAWhen the gutta-percha has extended beyond the apexBWhen the gutta-percha is easily removed from the root canalCWhen the gutta-percha placed to apical constriction exhibits resistance on removalDAfter cementationENone of above

14、39. Most root canal infections involveAa single obligate anaerobic speciesBmultiple anaerobic species onlyCmixed aerobic and anaerobic microorganismsDmultiple aerobic species onlyEnone of above40. An abnormally shaped tooth that may appear as an extra wide crown,a normal crown with an extra root,or

15、other combinations resulting from the union of two adjacent tooth germs by dentin during development is calledAfused teethBconcresence of teethCgeminated teethDdilacerations of toothEtaurodontism41. Which isnt the non-operative treatment of dental caries in the following?Aapplication of fluorideBapp

16、lication of APF gelCremineralizative therapyDenameloplastyEpit and fissure sealing42. Which is not the aim of operative therapy on the dental caries management?ATo remove infected dentine and prohibit cariesBTo protect the pulp and avoid painCTo enhance the strength of the toothDTo facilitate plaque

17、 controlETo restore the appearance(of teeth)and its function43. Which is the best statement about resistance formAResistance form is the design of a cavity in such a way that the remaining tooth substance and the restorative material can withstand masticatory stressBThe bulk required will depend on

18、the flexural strength of restorative material.In the case of amalgam it is estimated that a minimum of 1.5-2mm thickness of the restorative material is required to withstand masticatory stressCIf a marginal ridge is found to be too weak in the cause of an occlusal cavity preparation,a Class II cavit

19、y may have to be prepared instead,so as to eliminate the weak marginal ridge.This is particularly indicated where the ridge is only of enamel thickness and unsupported by sound dentineDThe cavity should be designed that the occlusal margins of the cavity are in areas not subjected to excessive occlu

20、sal trauma,otherwise the enamel wall of the cavity and/or the margins of the restorative material may fracture.In practice,this may be achieved by placing an occlusal margins of a cavity about one-quarter(1/4)of the intercuspal distance.Note,that efforts should always be made to conserve sound tooth

21、 tissueEAll of the above44. Which is the most danger area of tooth in dental caries occurred after you have learned dental caries?APits and fissures on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolarsBApproximal surfaces of all teeth.CGingival thirds of all teeth,both on facial and lingual surfacesDPits an

22、d fissures near the lingual of maxillary incisors and canines(lingual pits)EPits and fissures on the buccal of molars45. Which is not true in the following statement about dental caries and micro-organisms?ACaries could be induced by specific bacteria,especially mutans streptococci-group(eg.Streptoc

23、occus mutans and Strep.sobrinus).BThere are caries occurred when only fed a cariogenic(high sucrose)diet.CIn the60s Keyes infected germ-free animals with known strains of streptococci and found that these organisms were transferred to uninfected litter mates who then became susceptible to caries.He

24、thus demonstrated that dental caries was potentially infectious and transmissible.DWhen talking about cariogenic microorganisms,we often refer to Streptococcus mutans,Lactobacillus and Actinomyces.EOcclusal caries could be prevented using penicillin in animal study.46. The advantages glass-ionomer c

25、ement includeAhigh adhesion propertiesBlow abrasion propertiesCuse as a permanent restorationDreduction in caries due to fluoride releasing propertiesEall of the above47. Which one of the statements is error in retentive pin placementAbe avoided bifurcation and trifurcation areasBparallel to the ext

26、ernal surface of the toothCmany pin holes be better placed in different planesDthe length of pin in dentine should be longer than that of in restorationEbe in the hardest dentine48. The reasons of spontaneous pain after tooth filling includeAmistakenly judge the condition of pulpBneglect small pulp

27、exposureCirritation of materials to pulpDresidual carious dentineEall of the above49. Which of the following is a contra-indication to endodontic treatmentADiabetesBPregnancyCHIV-infected patientsDPatient suffering from heart attack within past 6 monthsECancer50. Central cusp is most common inAmaxil

28、lary the second premolarsBmaxillary the first premolarsCmandibular the first premolarsDmandibular the second premolarsEmaxillary the second molars51. Submerged deciduous teeth occurs most common inAprimary maxillary the second molarsBprimary maxillary the first molarsCprimary central incisorsDprimar

29、y mandibular the second molarsEprimary mandibular the first molars52. In clinical assessment,which is not correct?ASpontaneous discomfort at night provide a clue as the tooth is inflamedBVitalometer tests are very unreliableCIf the tooth is excessively mobile,it may have abnormal root resorptionDSwe

30、lling or with a fistulous tract is indicative of a necrotic pulpENo pain history affirmed no inflammation53. If you mechanically expose the mesiobuccal pulp horn on the primary maxillary first molar.The carious lesion on the mesial and distal surfaces is moderate,the treatment now should beAPulp cap

31、ping with Ca(OH)2;restor with silver amalgamBPulpotomy;restored with a stainless steel crownCPulpectomy;restored with a stainless steel crownDPulp capping with Ca(OH)2;restored with a stainless steel crownEExtraction and a space maintainer54. The tooth of root fracture should be treated with splint

32、forA2-3 weeksB1-2weeksC3-8 weeksD2-3 monthsE1-2 months55. In which situation below the pulp would be exposed?AEnamel infractionBEnamel fraciureCEnamel-dentin fractureDComplicated crown fractureEUncomplicated crown-root fracture56. We should advocate a routine dental appointment on or beforeAthe ZERO

33、 birthdayBthe first birthdayCthe second birthdayDthe third birthdayEthe six birthday57. The order of susceptibility of the primary teeth to carious attack is as followsAMandibular primary molarMaxillary primary incisorMaxillary primary molarmandibular primary anterior teethBMaxillary primary incisor

34、Maxillary primary molarmandibular primary molarmandibular primary anterior teethCMaxillary primary incisormandibular primary molarmandibular primary anterior teethMaxillary primary molarDMaxillary primary incisormandibular primary molarMaxillary primary molarmandibular primary anterior teethEMaxilla

35、ry primary incisormandibular primary anterior teethmandibular primary molarMaxillary primary molar58. A 7 years old boy with bilateral loss of the mandibular primary first and second molars,which of the following may be bestABand and loop respectivelyBLingual archCRemovable appliancesDDistal shoeENo

36、ne of them59. Clinical features of dental fluorosis do not includeAThe lesion symmetrically distributed in the mouth,but not all teeth are equally affectedBThe least affected teeth are the incisors and first permanent molarsCChanges from fine white opaque lines running across the tooth on all parts

37、of the enamel to features where parts of the chalky white and porous outer enamel become detached and discoloredDThe loss of surface enamel in the severest cases results in a loss of anatomical form of the teethEWell-demarcated borders lesion along incremental line60. For intrusive luxation of teeth

38、,the most common complication isAPulp necrosisBOsteitisCRoot resorptionDAlveolar process resorptionEAll of above二、名詞解釋1、acquired pellicle2、resistance form3、indirect pulp capping4、retrograde pilpitis5、自發(fā)痛和激發(fā)痛6、Dentine hypersensitivity7、Smear layer8、Pulpotomy9、Initial apical file10、Dental plaque三、簡答題1

39、.簡述影響根管沖洗效果的因素2.簡述深齲的治療特點3.簡述深齲的治療特點4.簡述窩洞的基本固位形5.簡述牙隱裂的病因6.What is the sequelae of root fractures?7.Please briefly describe the benefits of root canal irrigation.8.What is the goals of pulp therapy in children?9.What are the properties of the Cariogenic Bacteria?四、問答題1、詳述窩洞的結(jié)構(gòu)及窩洞預(yù)備的基本原則結(jié)構(gòu)2、引起牙髓活力測定

40、誤診的原因是什么？3、根尖周膿腫與急性牙周膿腫的鑒別要點4、Please discuss the purpose of root canal preparation and the procedures of Step-down technique.5、Explain the indications and types of pulp treatment for primary and young permanent teeth.6、State The Principles Of Cavity Preparation on Amalgam Restoration.答案一、選擇：1CCBBD 6

41、 ECEBC 11DADAE 16CCCAA 21BBAAD 26BABBE31BCDEB 36CCCAD 41DCEAB 46EDEDA 51DEBDD 56BDCEA二、名詞解釋1、acquired pellicle：唾液蛋白或糖蛋白吸附至牙面所形成的生物膜稱獲得性膜。2、resistance form：修復(fù)體和余留牙結(jié)構(gòu)獲得足夠抗力，在承受合力時不折裂的形狀稱抗力形。3、indirect pulp capping(P91)用具有消炎和促進牙髓牙本質(zhì)修復(fù)反應(yīng)的制劑覆蓋于洞底，促進軟化牙本質(zhì)再礦化和修復(fù)性牙本質(zhì)形成，從而全部生活牙髓的方法叫間接蓋髓術(shù)。4、retrograde pulpiti

42、s逆行性牙髓炎：感染來源于深牙周袋，通過根尖孔或測副根管逆行入牙髓，引起跟部牙髓的慢性炎癥。5、自發(fā)痛和激發(fā)痛自發(fā)痛是指患牙在未受到外界刺激而發(fā)生的疼痛。激發(fā)痛是指患牙受到外界刺激而發(fā)生的疼痛。6.Dentine HypersensitivityDentine hypersensitivity is a form of hypersensitivity caused by the effect of thermal,tactile,osmotic or chemical stimuli on exposed dentine.7.smear layerCutting or abrading th

43、e hard tissues with rotary and hand instruments produces a little chips or particles which attached to the tooth surface produce the smear layer8.PulpotomyIt is indicated for carious or mechanical exposures in primary teeth and to induce root closures in the young permanent dentition9.initial apical

44、 fileThe first file that binds in the canal at WL.10.dental plaqueAn adherent deposits of bacteria and their products,which is not mineralized and forms on all tooth,denture restorations surfaces.It is not an accident accumulation of bacteria but develops in a sequence of steps.三、簡答題1、簡述影響根管沖洗效果的因素a

45、藥物種類；b根管的直徑；c沖洗的液體量；d病變情況；e根管內(nèi)玷污層2、簡述深齲的治療特點a停止齲病發(fā)展，促進牙髓的防御性反應(yīng)；b保護牙髓c正確判斷牙髓狀況；d治療方法：墊底充填，安撫治療，間接蓋髓術(shù)3、簡述窩洞的基本固位形a側(cè)壁固位；b到凹固位；c鳩尾固位；d梯形固位4簡述牙隱裂的病因a牙結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)是隱裂牙發(fā)生的易感因素b牙尖斜度愈大，所產(chǎn)生的水平分力愈大c創(chuàng)傷性合力5.What is the sequelae of root fractures?Healing with calcified tissueHealing with interproximal connective tissu

46、eHealing with interproximal bone and connective tissueInterproximal inflammatory tissue without healing6.Please briefly describe the benefits of root canal irrigation.Gross debridementFrequency and volume of irrigantIntracanal placement of delivery needleElimination of microbesDissolution of pulp re

47、mnantsRemoval of the smear layerLubricating instrument7.What is the goals of pulp therapy in children?Allowing the tooth to remain in the mouth in a nonpathologic stateMaintenance of arch length and tooth spaceRestoration of comfort with the ability to chewPrevention of speech abnormalities and abno

48、rmal habits8.What are the properties of the Cariogenic Bacteria?Acidogenic:they are able to produce acid rapidly from fermentable carbohydrates.Aciduric:They thrive under acid conditions.Adherent:Able to adhere to the tooth surface because of their ability to synthesize sticky extracelluar polysacch

49、arides from dietary sugars.四、問答題1、詳述窩洞的結(jié)構(gòu)及窩洞預(yù)備的基本原則結(jié)構(gòu)洞壁：測壁，髓壁（軸壁）洞角：線角，點角，軸髓線角洞緣：洞緣角抗力形：洞深，盒狀洞形，階梯結(jié)構(gòu)，窩洞的外形，去除無基釉和避免形成無基釉，薄壁弱尖的處理固位形：側(cè)壁固位，倒凹固位，鳩尾固位，梯形固位原則去凈齲壞組織保護牙髓組織盡量保留健康牙體組織2、引起牙髓活力測定誤診的原因是什么？引起假陽性反應(yīng)的原因探頭或電極接觸了大面積的金屬修復(fù)體或牙齦，使電流流向了牙周組織；未充分隔濕或干燥受試牙，以至電流泄漏至牙周；液化性壞死的牙髓有可能傳導(dǎo)電流至根尖周，當(dāng)電流調(diào)節(jié)到最大刻度時，患者可能會緩慢抬手示

50、意；患者過度緊張和焦慮，以致在探頭剛接觸牙面或被問知感受時即抬手。引起假陰性反應(yīng)的原因患者事先用過鎮(zhèn)痛劑、麻醉劑或酒精飲料等，使之不能正常地感知電刺激；探頭或電極未能有效地接觸釉質(zhì)，以致妨礙了電流到達(dá)牙髓；根尖尚未發(fā)育完全的新萌出牙，其牙髓通常對電刺激無反應(yīng)；根管內(nèi)過度鈣化的牙，其牙髓對電刺激通常無反應(yīng)，常見于一些老年患牙；剛受到外傷的患牙可能對電刺激無反應(yīng)。3根尖周膿腫與急性牙周膿腫的鑒別要點急性根尖周膿腫急性牙周膿腫感染來源感染根管牙周袋病史較長期牙體缺損史牙痛史牙髓治療史長期牙周炎史牙體情況深齲洞近髓的非齲疾病修復(fù)體一般無牙體疾病牙髓活力多無多有牙周袋無深，迂回曲折膿腫部位靠近根尖部中心

51、位于齦頰溝附近較近牙齦炎膿腫范圍較彌漫局限于牙周袋壁疼痛程度重相對較輕牙松動度相對輕，病愈后牙恢復(fù)穩(wěn)固明顯，消腫后仍很松動叩痛很重相對較輕X片無明顯異常表現(xiàn)，若患牙為慢性根尖周炎急性發(fā)作者，根尖周牙槽骨顯現(xiàn)透射影像牙槽骨脊破壞，可有骨下袋病程相對較長，膿液自根尖周向外排除的時間約需56天相對較短，一般34天可自潰4.Please discuss the purpose of root canal preparation and the procedures of Step-down technique.Purpose of preparationCleaning:to remove all c

52、ontents of the root canal system before and during shapingEntails the use of irrigants and instrumentsIrrigation serves to clean the canalShaping:to establish a specific cavity form fulfilling five mechanical objectivesEntails the use of instrumentsInstrumentation serves to shape the canal2Procedure

53、s of step-down techniqueAccess cavityRadicular access根管通路Straight H or K-files of sizes 15,20,25 and 30 are used to a depth which is 2/3 of the radiographic length of the root,or where the file starts to bind against the canal wall(RAL1)Anticurvature filingG-G drills#2(RAL2)and#3(RAL3)are used to continue the coronal flaringRAL2=RAL1-2mmRAL3=RAL2-2mmWL determinationApical preparationPrecurved K-files from IAF to MAF are sequential used to WLStep-back filingRe