Unit 4Learning about language

1、Unit 4,Learning about language & Grammar,1.A great part of the city was d_in the earthquake. 2.The e_should be cut off in the earthquake. 3.I felt everything s_ during the earthquake. 4.The firemen r_ a baby from the burning house. 5.He was badly i_ in the accident. 6. She _(蒙住) her face in her hand

2、s and cried. 7. There were a lot of fish in the _(池) 8. She looked _(清新的； 氣色好的) whenever I saw her. 9. The fish is a bit_(味道). We cant eat it. 10. They are planning to build a _ (運(yùn)河) through the desert.,destroyed,electricity,shaking,rescued,injured,buried,pond,fresh,smelly,canal,destroy , rescue, st

3、range, much, earthquake, shake, bury, fall, team, trap,Several days before July 28, 1976, many s_ things happed in Tangshan. They were signs for the e_. But people in the city of Tangshan didnt think m_ of these. At 3: 42 am that day, the earth began to s_, which d_ the city. Many people, including

4、workers and doctors, came to r_ those t_ under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big earthquake struck Tangshan. More people were killed or injured and more building f_down. Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers. T_ were organized to dig out the trapped and b _ the dead.,strange,

5、earthquake,much,shake,destroyed,rescue,trapped,fell,Teams,bury,Grammar,Restrictive Attributive Clause & Non- restrictive Attributive Clauses,1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 2. It was heard in Beijing, which is two hundre

6、d kilometers away. 3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. Workers b

7、uilt shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,Restrictive Attributive Clause Look at the following sentences and try to understand the meaning of them. 1.The man who robbed him has been arrested. 2.The girl whom I saw told me to come back again today. 3.Thats the best hotel ( that ) I

8、know. 4.These are the books ( which ) you ordered. 5.The friend with whom I was traveling spoke French. 6.At the time when I saw him, he was quite strong. 7. This is the village where I was born.,8. These are the reasons why we do it. 9. Have you got the postcard (which) I sent you? 10. These are th

9、e things (that) you need. 11. Anything I can do for you? 12. All (that) you have to do is to fill out this form. 13. Thats the only thing (that) we can do now. 14. You can take any room (that) you like.,Is there anything (that) I can do for you?,Non- restrictive Attributive Clauses Peter, who had be

10、en driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town. 2. This house, for which he paid $ 150,000, is now worth $ 300,000 3. They went to the theatre, where they saw Hero. 4. Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work. 5. His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight 6.

11、It was an island, whose name I have forgotten.,the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is handsome is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy who is naughty is Tom., The woman got the job. The

12、woman can speak Russian.,The woman who can speak Russian got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous.,The teacher who is famous will give us a talk., The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.,The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot., Do you

13、know the man? You will visit him today.,Do you know the man (whom )you will visit today?,The lady with whom he was dancing stepped on his foot.,關(guān)系代詞:,1. who指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）,The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省),T

14、he man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which is red is mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is red is small.,The apple which is green is big., Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The go

15、at is eating her flowers.,Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers., Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.,Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.,Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?,3. which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略, 如介

16、詞提前則不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?, that 指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ) 可省略）,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that c

17、an fly.,He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man (that) I told you about.,He is the man (that) I told you about., 注意：介詞提前時(shí)只能用which 而不能用that 。,4. that 指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）,A plane is a machine that can fly., that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (th

18、at) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。,(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時(shí)。,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。,(4)先

19、行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。, that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用who。,(5) 先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.,(1) The scientist is very famous

20、in the world. We met her yesterday.,The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that,(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress that she is wearing is new. which ,(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this

21、 film.,He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. , that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用which而不用that。,(1) 關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 Football , which is a very popu

22、lar game, is played all over the world.,1 . whose 既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo) 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 My uncle whose office we have just passed , is a lawyer . Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred . 2. whose 代指“的”，既可以指人，也可以指物。 Look at the building , whose roof is white . The girl lives in the house , whose windows face south .,whose 在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法,Practice,Fill in the banks with who, whose, which and that. 1.The girls _ served in the shop were the owners daughters. 2.The man _I saw told me to come back today. 3.The girl _ spoke is my