2025年2月上海市高三聯(lián)考高考調(diào)研英語試題(答案詳解)

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2025上海高考英語調(diào)研卷（2025年2月）(考試時間105分鐘，滿分115分)I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.GettingOverThe“Ick”Gettingthe“ick”canruinabuddingromanceoranongoingdate.It’sthatsuddenfeelingofdisgust1makesyouwanttobackaway.Maybeyouheardthemmakeanawkwardnoise,mocksomeoneunfairly,oreatmessily.Oncethe“ick”setsin,it’shardtoshakeoff,leavingyouquestioning2tomoveforward.Disgust,thoughoftenoverlookedinresearch,isastrong,primal(原始的)emotion.Likefearoranger,it’striggeredinspecificsituationsand3(vary)betweenindividuals.Whilesomereactionsareuniversal—likedisgustatrottingfoodorunhygienicacts—peoplewithhighsensitivitytodisgustmightfeeliteveninslightsituations,suchasapartner’s4(crack)lipsormessyeating.Disgustevolvedtoprotectusfromharm,5spoiledfoodormoralwrongdoing.However,whenitrushedintoourromanticlives,itraisesquestions:Isitasignaltostop,or6wecanworkthrough?Studiesshowthatheighteneddisgustsensitivityislinkedtoemotionalchallenges,suchaslowdesireoraversion.Inrelationships,mismatchedthresholdsfordisgustcancauseconflicts—onepartner’slimitsmightfeelrestrictivetotheother.Overcomingthe“ick”involves7(reduce)disgustsensitivity.Disgustcanbereducedinmuchthesamewayasweworktoreduceaperson’sfear:Gradualexposuretoincreasinglygreaterlevelsofthestimulus.Inotherwords,startsmallandincreaseyourexposuretothethingthatmakesyoudisgustedandyourresponsewillbecome8(dramatic).Ifthe“ick”istiedtoapersonratherthananact,reflectioniskey.Stronginitialfeelingsofconnectionmaybeworthworking9thediscomfort.Relationshipsoftenallowustooverlookflaws,10ifthetriggerisatruedealbreaker—somethingmorallyunacceptable—it’stimetotrustyourinstinctsandmoveon.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.fuelB.escapeC.equivalentsD.patternsE.wrestleF.containG.promotingH.gamesI.rankJ.forcingK.addressingCalifornia’sGrowingWildfireCrisisCalifornia’swildfireshavebeenfueledbyincreasinglydangerousconditionsoverthepasttwodecades,creatingagrowingcrisis.TherecentMountainFireinVenturaCountyhighlightsthisalarmingtrend.Over10,000residentswereforcedto11theirhomesasthefirequicklyspread,injuringatleast10peopleandleavingdozensofhousesinashes.Injusttwodays,theblazeconsumedover20,000acres,12GovernorGavinNewsomtodeclareastateofemergency.Expertspointtoadestructive“environmentalrecipe.”Beforethefire,forecastersissuedarareRedFlagwarning,cautioningthatdrywindsandlowhumiditycouldturninto13forfast-spreadingwildfires.WhentheMountainFireerupted,strongSantaAnawindscarriedembers(灰燼)farandwide,whilevegetationfromtwounusuallywetwintersactedasready14.Asaresult,thefirecouldescalaterapidly,leavingfirefightersstrugglingto15it.Climatechangehasfurthershiftedthelandscape.Risingtemperaturesandprolongeddroughtshavemadevegetationdrierandmoreignitable.Atthesametime,wetterwintershaveencouragedplantgrowththatlaterdriesout,becomingkindlingforfires.Fallandwinterblazes,unliketheirsummer16,aredrivenbyintensewindsandlowerhumidity,makingthemhardertocontrol.Manyhistorical17showtheseverityofthistrend.TheWoolseyFirein2018andtheThomasFirein2017,bothoccurringinwinter,18amongCalifornia’smostdestructive.Additionally,morethanhalfofthestate’slargestfireshavebeenrecordedinthelastdecade,underscoringtheroleofclimatechange.AsCaliforniacontinuesto19withworseningwildfires,thestakesgrowhigher.Without20theseenvironmentalshifts,thebattleagainstfirewillbecomeanevenmoredifficultgameofsurvival.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Artificialintelligence(AI)iscommonlyusedtomakepredictionsfromdatasets,butthistypicallyrequirescreatingamodelforeachtask.Hollmannetallhavedevelopedasolution—afoundationmodel—thatapplyingmachinelearningacrossdifferenttaskswithouttask-specifictraining.Thisdevelopmentcouldstreamlinepredictiontasks,suchaspredictingpatientdeteriorationinhospitals.Inatypicaltabularmachinelearningscenario,ahospitalusesatotrackpatientinformation,suchasage,blood-oxygenlevel,andvitalsigns,withthelastcolumnindicatingifapatient’scondition.Amodelisthentrainedonthisdatatopredictrisk.,youneedtotrainmultiplemodelsfordifferenttasks,whichistime-consuming.WithafoundationmodellikeTabPFN,youcanimmediatelyuseanydatasettomakewithouttraininganewmodeleachtime.Foundationmodels,likeTabPFN,areandcanbeappliedacrossmanytasks,similartotoolslikeChatGPTandStableDiffusion.Thesemodelsreducetheeffortandtimerequiredformachinelearningtasks,fasterdeploymentofAIsolutionsinhealthcare,finance,andmore.TabPFNhasseveralkeyadvantages:itcanhandlenewdatasetsquickly,makingpredictionsinofasecondwithouttraining.Italsodealswellwithissueslikemissingvaluesandoutliersandperformsexcellentlyondatasetswithupto10,000rowsand500columns.Toovercomethechallengeoflimitedreal-worlddata,TabPFNwaspre-trainedon100millionrandomlygenerateddatatablethatrealdata’sstatisticalproperties.Thisallowedittolearngeneralpatternswithoutrelyingonactualdatasets.Evenifpredictionscanbemadeinlessthanasecond,TabPFNisnotchallenges.Itisa“blackbox,”souserscannoteasilyunderstandhowitmakespredictions.Itmayalsowithverylargedatasets,particularlythosewithover10,000rowsand500columns.Asthefirstmodelofitskind,itsfullandlimitationsarestillbeingexplored.Despitethesechallenges,TabPFNcouldmarkthebeginningofaintabularmachinelearning.DatascientistsmaysoonusefoundationmodelslikeTabPFNtohandlemuchoftheheavylifting,openingthedoorforfaster,moreefficientmachinelearningapplications,similartotheimpactoflargelanguagemodelsonnaturallanguageprocessing.21．A．unique B．complex C．typical D．temporary22．A．complicates B．simplifies C．restricts D．blocks23．A．diagram B．chart C．graph D．table24．A．worsened B．expanded C．evolved D．decreased25．A．Occasionally B．Similarly C．Traditionally D．Typically26．A．a(chǎn)ssumptions B．predictions C．evaluations D．preparations27．A．flexible B．systematic C．trained D．a(chǎn)pproachable28．A．providing B．improving C．gaining D．enabling29．A．transitions B．microseconds C．durations D．fractions30．A．represent B．ignore C．imitate D．reject31．A．facedwith B．freefrom C．strivingfor D．combinedwith32．A．benefit B．enhance C．struggle D．lengthen33．A．schemes B．potentials C．outputs D．intentions34．A．decline B．charge C．shift D．modification35．A．harmful B．gradual C．insignificant D．transformativeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Ispentanhourormoresittingonthefloorofmybedroominmynightgown,unpackingmybooksfromthetravelingtrunkandputtingthemonthebookshelf.Iarrangedthemalphabetically:LouisaMayAlcott,FrancesHodgsonBurnett,LewisCarroll,CharlesDickens...ThenItookthemallofftheshelfandstartedagain.ThistimeIusedthespinestocreatearainbowofcolor—blue,green,gray,black...Iputmybookoffairytalesonthebedsidetable;itdidn’tlivewithmyotherbooks.Mybrother,Robert,hadgivenittomeformytwelfthbirthday,verynearlyayearago.Itwasfilledwiththemostbeautifulpicturesyoucouldeverimagine—pageafterpageofenchantedforests,underwatercities,androyalpalaces.Thelongeryoulookedatthosepictures,themoreyouwouldsee—therewerepictureswithinthepictures,worldswithinworlds.Mynewbedroomwasatthebackofthehouseoverlookingthegardenandthewoodsbeyond.Iopenedtheheavycurtainsandstoodatthedarkwindow,butallIcouldseewasmyownreflectionlookingbackatme.Thereweredarkcirclesundermyeyes;myhairwasatangledbrownmess.Ayearago,Mamawouldhavelaughedandsaid,“Youlooklikeyou’vebeendraggedthroughahedgebyarunawaypony,Hen.”Shewouldhavepulledmetowardherandgentlybrushedatthebird’snestuntilmyhairshone.Shewouldhavekissedmegoodnight.Iblinkedawaythetears,andpulledthecurtainstogetherbehindmetoshutoutthelight.Thedarknessbeyondthewindowwasvastanddeep,nothinglikethehazygrayofLondonatnight.Thisskybelongsinmybookoffairytales,Ithought.Anevilqueen’sblackvelvetcloak,embroideredwithdiamonds.AndthenIsawthesmoke.Itwasdriftingupfromtheshadowywoods.AsIsquintedatit,Isawatinyorangelightflickeringamongthetrees.Afire.Someonehaslitafireinourforest.36．Whatdistinguishesthebookoffairytalesfromtheotherbooksintheauthor’scollection?A．Itwasagiftfromtheauthor’smother. B．Itcontainspicturesofbeautifulplaces.C．Itistheauthor’sfavoritebook. D．Itistheoldestbookinthecollection.37．Whatdoestheauthorcomparethenightskywithwhenlookingoutthewindow?A．Ascenefromhisfairytalebook. B．ThecurtainofnightinLondon.C．Astorytoldbytheirmother. D．Anadventurewiththeirbrother.38．Whatistheprimarythemeofthepassage?A．Thejoyoforganizingandarrangingpersonalbelongings.B．Theimportanceoffamilytraditionsandheirlooms.C．Theexcitementofdiscoveringnewplacesandadventures.D．Thecomfortfoundinfamiliarroutinesduringtimesofchange.39．Whatdoestheauthor’sinteractionwiththebookoffairytalessymbolizeinthepassage?A．Adesiretoescaperealityandimmerseinfantasy.B．Alongingforchildhoodinnocenceandsimplicity.C．Anappreciationforartisticbeautyandcreativity.D．Aconnectiontotheirbrotherandfamilymemories.(B)Awell-designedPowerPointpresentationcanhelpcommunicateyourideaseffectivelyandengageyouraudience.Toavoidcreatingtext-heavyslidesthatboreyouraudience,followtheseessential4sortsoftipscompiledfromPowerPointexpertFerryPereboom.1.TextTips:KeepTextShort:Sticktothe5×5rule—nomorethan5lineswith5wordsperline.ChooseReadableFonts:Useclassic,easy-to-readfontslikeCalibriorHelvetica.FontSize:Setheadersto20ptandbodytextto18ptforbetterlegibility.2.DesignTips:IncreaseContrast:Maketexteasytoreadbyusinghighcontrast,suchasdarktextonalightbackground.UseColorsWisely:Choosecolorsbasedonyouraudience—brightcolorsforinformalpresentationsandsubdued(柔和的)tonesforprofessionalsettings.PowerPointShapes:Replacebulletpointswithshapestomakeyourmessageclearerandvisuallyappealing.SelectRelevantVisuals:Usehigh-qualityimagesthatsupportyourmessageandmaintainconsistency.Mock-upsOverScreenshots:Usedevicemock-upsinsteadofscreenshotsforamorepolishedlook.VisualizeData:Usegraphs,charts,andSmartArttorepresentdataclearly.SimplifyTables:Avoidclutterintablesbyremovingunnecessarybordersandcolors.IndustryTemplates(模版):Useindustry-specifictemplatestomakeyourslidesmorerelevant.3.____________:MinimizeTransitions:Usesimpletransitions,likefade,tokeepthefocusonyourcontent.PresenterView:UsePresenterViewtomonitortime,slides,andnotes.ProvideanOutline:Startwithawelcomeslide,followedbyamenuslideandasummaryslidetohelpyouraudiencefollowalong.4.HardwareTips:BackUpYourPresentation:Saveyourslidesinmultipleformats(e.g.,PDForGoogleSlides)topreventtechnicalissues.Byapplyingthesetips,youcancreateaPowerPointthatisengaging,clear,andprofessional,ensuringyourmessageiscommunicatedeffectively.40．Whichofthefollowingphrasescanbestfillintheblank?A．StandardizationTips B．OrientationTipsC．LimitationTips D．Easy-to-ReadTips41．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayupsettheaudience’svisualexperienceduringaratherformalmeeting?A．Templatescustomizedforthecorrespondingacademicfields.B．Calmandsoftbackgroundcolorscombinedwithtextsusinghigh-contrastcolors.C．Adiagramdirectlycapturedfromapaperviaprintscreenkeyonthekeyboard.D．Ideasdescribedinaneasyformandappropriatenumberoftechnicalterms.42．Sherylispreparingforherannualacademicmedicaloutcomepresentation.Followingisoneofherslides.Tomodifytheunproperplace(s),sheshouldrefertoSort________oftips.A．1 B．2 C．1and4 D．1,2,3and4(C)AttemptstogeneticallyengineertheAmericanchestnuttree(Darling58)havefailed,exposingtherisksofrushedsolutionstocomplexproblems.InDecember2023,theAmericanChestnutFoundation(TACF)announceditwasendingitsyears-longefforttocreateablight-resistantchestnut.Thesetreesgrewpoorly,failedtoresistdisease,andoftendied.TheAmericanchestnut,onceabundantinEasternU.S.forests,wasdestroyedbyblightintheearly1900s.Somesurvivingtreessproutedfromstumpsorresistedthediseasenaturally.Effortstorestorethespecieshavedividedscientistsintotwocamps:oneadvocatingfornaturalrestorationandtheotherforgeneticengineering(GE).TheGEapproachstartedin1989,ledbyresearchersatSUNY-ESFwithbackingfromindustryplayerslikeDukeEnergy,andMonsanto.In2020,researcherssoughtUSDAapprovaltoderegulateDarling58.Thetreewasengineeredwithawheatgenetocombattheacidproducedbychestnutblight.However,criticsarguedthetestingperiodwastooshorttopredictthetree’slong-termimpact.TheproposedplantospreadGEtraitsthroughwildforestssparkedfearsofecologicalharm.By2023,itwasrevealedthatyearsofresearchhadmistakenlyusedthewrongtreevariety(Darling54).TACFwithdrewsupport,citingpoorresults,reducedsurvivalrates,andcommercialconflictsinvolvingafor-profitcompany.Despitesetbacks,SUNY-ESFcontinuestopushforUSDAapproval,claimingthetreesaresafe.Meanwhile,organizationsliketheAmericanChestnutCooperatorsFoundationfocusonnaturalmethods,breedingpurechestnutswithblightresistance.HybridizationwithChinesechestnutsisanothermethodunderdevelopment.TheDarling58debaclehighlightstherisksofgeneticengineeringandcommercialmotivesbehindGEtrees.CriticsarguethatGEislessaboutforesthealthandmoreaboutprofitsfromfaster-growingorindustriallymodifiedtrees.Asthedebatecontinues,thelessonremainsclear:sciencemustproceedcautiously,especiallywhendealingwithlong-livingspeciesliketrees.43．Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto________.A．criticizetheuseofgeneticengineeringonchestnuttreesinforestrestoration.B．describethemainhistoryoftheAmericanchestnuttree’sdeclinesincethe1900s.C．explainthecontroversysurroundingtherestorationoftheAmericanchestnuttree.D．promotenaturalbreedingasthebestsolutionforchestnuttreerestoration.44．WhydidtheUSDApetitionforDarling58facecriticism?A．Thetestingperiodwasnotlongenoughtopredictlong-termeffects.B．Thegeneticallyengineeredtreeswerenotresistanttoblight.C．TheUSDAwasaccusedoffavoringgeneticengineeringcompanies.D．Thepetitiondidnotincludeinputfromenvironmentalscientists.45．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Darling58chestnuttreeswereapprovedforwidespreadplantingin2023.B．NaturalmethodsofrestoringtheAmericanchestnutshownopromise.C．Criticsbelievethegeneticengineeringisprofit-drivenratherthanecological.D．TACFfullysupportsSUNY-ESF’seffortswithDarling58chestnuttrees.46．Whatcanbeinferredaboutreleasinggeneticallyengineeredtreesintothewild?A．ItmayleadtoderegulationandcommercializationofGEtrees.B．Itwillrapidlyrestoreecosystemswithminimalrisks.C．Itprovescorporateinterestsalignwithenvironmentalgoals.D．ItshowsGEismorereliablethannaturalrestoration.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Thecomplexrelationshipbetweenmusicandmemoryisprofound.Musicactsasastrongtriggerforemotionsandmemories,transportingindividualsbacktospecificmomentsinthepast.Long-termmemorysplitsintoexplicitandimplicittypes.Explicitoneinvolvesconsciousrecall,likeacademiclearningandpersonalexperiences.Implicitmemoryworksautomatically,likeplayinginstrumentsorrememberinglyrics.47Itoftenlastsalifetimeevenwithoutpractice.DiseaseslikeAlzheimer’smainlyaffectexplicitmemorysystems.48Thisleadstoalikingforfamiliarpiecesduetothemereexposureeffect.Majorrecordlabelsuseitthroughfrequentairplaytoboostrecordsales.Implicitmemoryworkslikeclassicalconditioning,whereanevent,emotion,andsongbecomelinked.EltonJohn’s“CandleintheWind”isstronglyconnectedwithPrincessDianaasheperformeditatherfuneral.Music-triggeredmemoriesoftencomefromimportantlifestages,especiallybetweentheagesof10and30,knownasthe“reminiscencebump.”Musicfromthistimeismorelikelytobelinkedwithvividmemoriescomparedtootherperiods.Theteenageyearsandtwentiesarecrucialforformingmusicpreferences.49Ithelpsthemrecallvividmemoriesfromtheiryouth.Despiteseverememoryloss,peoplewithdementiaoftenremembermusicwell.Researchshowsself-chosenmusiccanbringbackpositivememoriesthatmightotherwisebehardtorecall.Musichelpsunlocknon-musicalmemoriesandimprovescommunicationamongolderadultswithAlzheimer’sdisease,asortofdiseaseconcerningone’slong-termmemory.Listeningtomusicfromimportantlifeevents,likeweddingsorfunerals,canbringaboutdeeplynostalgicandemotionalexperiences.50A．Itisnowwidelyusedtocurelotsofseverediseases.B．Thisemotionalconnectionallowsindividualstorecalldetailsoftheirpast.C．Music’sabilitytoreachthemindsofAlzheimer’spatientsisremarkable.D．Explicitmemoryfadeswithoutactiverecall,butimplicitmemoryisdurable.E．Implicitmemorycanformthroughpassivelisteningtobackgroundmusic.F．Rememberingthingsisoftenhard,butmusichelpsbringbackmemorieslinkedtoasong.III.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.InsidetheNFLFootballFactoryCheeringforyourfootballteamastheythrowalongpassisaclassicAmericantraditionthatstartedinthelate1800s.Today’sfootballs,oftencalled“pigskins,”arenolongermadefrompigbladders.Theyaremadefromcowhideleatherwithrubberinside.Eventhoughthematerialshavechanged,theshapeandsizeofNFLfootballshavestayedthesameforover100years.Dr.RabindraMehta,aformerNASAscientist,explainsthatafootballisdesignedtobemoreaerodynamicthanabaseball.Footballsaremadefromfourpiecesofleather,shapedlikeleavesandsewntogetherinsideout.Theleatheristhensteamedtomakeitsoftenoughtoturnright-sideout.Anairbladderisinserted,andthefootballislacedbyhand.Afootballisn’taperfectsphere(球體)butaprolatespheroid,whichmeansit’soval-shapedwithpointedends.Thisshapemakesiteasiertograspandhelpstheballtravellongerdistances.Thesurfaceofthefootball,includingthetextureoftheleather,thestitching,andthelaces,helpstheairflowstayattachedlonger,reducingdragcomparedtoaroundobjectlikeabaseball.Whenabaseballfliesthroughtheair,theairbendsaroundit,creatingdragthatslowsitdown.Golfballshavedimplesontheirsurfacetoreducedrag.Similarly,thetexturedsurfaceandcurvedshapeofafootballhelpcreateaturbulent(湍流的)layerofairaroundit,allowingairtostayattachedlongerandreducingdrag.MITprofessorAnetteHosoisaysit’shardtopredictdragonobjectslikefootballs.Dragdependsontheshapeoftheairbehindtheball,whichchangeswiththeball’sposition,speed,andsurfacetexture.Airtemperaturealsoaffectsdrag;warmerairislessdense,sofootballsmayflyfartheronwarmerdays.Afootballthrownwithatightspiral(螺旋形)isfuntowatch.Thespinoftheballstaysalignedwiththedirectionit’smoving,justlikeabullet.Thisskilliswhatmakesquarterbackssoimpressive._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．他背上行囊，與家人告別，踏上了偉大征途。(farewell)(漢譯英)53．落日霞光下的海面熠熠生輝，各地游客絡繹不絕。(stream)(漢譯英)54．古人對天文現(xiàn)象的獨特理解濃縮于“銀河”之名，盡顯他們對迷人星空的浪漫想象。(capture)(漢譯英)55．既然那場悲劇已時過境遷，那么為何村里人仍心有余悸，甚至規(guī)定每逢大年初一必須張燈結(jié)彩呢？(tragic)(漢譯英)V.GuidedWriting56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.你是未來中學的高三學生小星，正在完成一份英語學科的跨文化研習課題。請根據(jù)以下給出的報告提綱，撰寫一篇文章闡述研究所得。FestivalsinChinaandWesternCountriesReporter:XiaoXingSteps1.ChooseonetypicalfestivalfromeachofChinaandWesternCountries.2.Comparethetwofestivalsinatleasttwoaspects,whetherincommonordifferent.(Suchastheculturalbackground,waystocelebrate,etc.)3.Analyzewhythesefeaturesareincommonordifferent.4.FindcommonalitiesordifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturesthefestivalsreflect.(ifany,orcanbeomitted)MainText………………_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．that2．whether3．varies4．cracked5．like##including6．something7．reducing8．lessdramatic9．through##against10．but【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了厭惡這種情緒對人的影響。1．考查強調(diào)句。句意：這種突然的厭惡感讓你想要退后。此處為強調(diào)句：itis+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他，被強調(diào)部分為thatsuddenfeelingofdisgust，故填that。2．考查疑問詞。句意：一旦“惡心”來了，就很難擺脫，讓你懷疑是否要繼續(xù)前進。此處為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，且表示“是否”應用whether。故填whether。3．考查時態(tài)。句意：就像恐懼或憤怒一樣，它是在特定的情況下觸發(fā)的，因人而異。作并列謂語，且陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，謂語用三單形式。故填varies。4．考查形容詞。句意：雖然有些反應是普遍的，比如對腐爛的食物或不衛(wèi)生的行為感到厭惡，但對厭惡高度敏感的人即使在輕微的情況下也會感到厭惡，比如伴侶的嘴唇開裂或吃得一團糟。修飾名詞lips用形容詞cracked“破裂的，有裂紋的”。故填cracked。5．考查介詞。句意：厭惡進化是為了保護我們免受傷害，比如/包括變質(zhì)的食物或不道德的行為。后跟名詞作賓語，表示“比如”或“包含”應用介詞like或including。故填like/including。6．考查代詞。句意：然而，當它闖入我們的浪漫生活時，問題就來了：這是一個停止的信號，還是我們可以解決的問題？此處表示“某事”應用不定代詞something，作表語。故填something。7．考查非謂語動詞。句意：克服“惡心”需要降低厭惡敏感性。短語involvedoingsth.表示“涉及做某事”。故填reducing。8．考查比較級。句意：換句話說，從小事做起，增加你對讓你厭惡的事情的接觸，你的反應就會變得不那么劇烈。作表語，且表示“不那么劇烈的”應用形容詞dramatic的比較級，在前面加less。故填lessdramatic。9．考查介詞。句意：最初強烈的聯(lián)系感可能值得解決不適。短語workthrough/against表示“克服，解決”。故填through/against。10．考查連詞。句意：感情常常讓我們忽略缺點，但如果導火索是真正的分手者——道德上不可接受的事情——是時候相信你的直覺，繼續(xù)前進了。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應用連詞but。故填but。11．B12．J13．H14．A15．F16．C17．D18．I19．E20．K【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了加州日益嚴重的野火危機。11．考查動詞。句意：隨著火勢迅速蔓延，1萬多名居民被迫逃離家園，至少10人受傷，數(shù)十座房屋化為灰燼。根據(jù)“theirhomesasthefirequicklyspread,injuringatleast10peopleandleavingdozensofhousesinashes”以及句意“逃離”可知應用動詞escape，且上文為短語beforcedtodosth.。故選B。12．考查動詞。句意：在短短兩天內(nèi)，大火燒毀了2萬多英畝土地，迫使州長加文·紐森宣布進入緊急狀態(tài)。根據(jù)“GovernorGavinNewsomtodeclareastateofemergency.”以及句意“迫使”可知應用動詞force，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故選J。13．考查名詞。句意：火災發(fā)生前，預報員發(fā)布了罕見的紅旗警告，警告說干燥的風和低濕度可能會成為快速蔓延的野火的游戲。根據(jù)“forfast-spreadingwildfires”以及句意“游戲”可知應用復數(shù)名詞games，作賓語，故選H。14．考查名詞。句意：當山火爆發(fā)時，強烈的圣安娜風把余燼吹到很遠的地方，而兩個異常潮濕的冬天的植被則成為現(xiàn)成的燃料。根據(jù)“WhentheMountainFireerupted”以及句意“燃料”可知應用名詞fuel，作賓語。故選A。15．考查動詞。句意：因此，火災可能會迅速升級，讓消防員難以控制火勢。根據(jù)“thefirecouldescalaterapidly,leavingfirefightersstrugglingto”以及句意“控制”可知應用動詞contain，此處為不定式作賓語，故選F。16．考查名詞。句意：秋季和冬季的火災與夏季的對應不同，它們是由強風和較低的濕度驅(qū)動的，這使得它們更難控制。根據(jù)“Fallandwinterblazes,unliketheirsummer”以及句意“對應”可知應用復數(shù)名詞equivalents，作賓語，故選C。17．考查名詞。句意：許多歷史模式都表明了這一趨勢的嚴重性。根據(jù)“showtheseverityofthistrend”以及句意“模式”可知應用名詞patterns，結(jié)合many可知為復數(shù)。故選D。18．考查動詞。句意：2018年的伍爾西大火和2017年的托馬斯大火都發(fā)生在冬季，排名加州最具破壞性的火災之一。根據(jù)“amongCalifornia’smostdestructive”以及句意“排名”可知應用動詞rank，作謂語，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為TheWoolseyFirein2018andtheThomasFirein2017，謂語用原形。故選I。19．考查動詞。句意：隨著加州繼續(xù)與不斷惡化的野火作斗爭，風險越來越高。根據(jù)“withworseningwildfires,thestakesgrowhigher”以及句意“作斗爭”可知應用動詞wrestle，此處為不定式作賓語，故選E。20．考查動詞。句意：如果不解決這些環(huán)境變化，與火災的斗爭將成為一場更加艱難的生存游戲。根據(jù)“theseenvironmentalshifts”以及句意“解決”可知應用動名詞addressing，作介詞的賓語。故選K。21．A22．B23．D24．A25．C26．B27．A28．D29．D30．C31．B32．C33．B34．C35．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了新開發(fā)了一種名為TabPFN的人工智能模型，簡化了機器學習在不同任務之間的應用，而無需特定任務的訓練。介紹了其工作原理以及存在的挑戰(zhàn)。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人工智能（AI）通常用于從數(shù)據(jù)集進行預測，但這通常需要為每個任務創(chuàng)建