高考英語語法填空解題技巧

1、 高考英語語法填空解題技巧題型解讀：一篇200字左右的短文或?qū)υ?-7個(gè)空白根據(jù)給出單詞的正確形式填空3-5個(gè)根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需內(nèi)容能力考查： 理解語篇、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、 運(yùn)用語法、單詞拼寫。語法填空的考點(diǎn)或考查內(nèi)容是：(1)純空格題：通?？脊谠~、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。一個(gè)空格只能填一個(gè)單詞(2)用括號(hào)中所給詞填空：通?？贾^語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。一個(gè)空格可以填1，2，3個(gè)單詞一 有提示詞類試題的答題要訣（一）給出了動(dòng)詞的試題的解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。技巧1：1）看位置。在主語后與主語構(gòu)

2、成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，那么填謂語動(dòng)詞，要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及主謂一致。2）看是否有并列連詞and, but, so等做標(biāo)志，做并列謂語例句1：His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.解析：因主語His fear of failure 后沒有別的謂語動(dòng)詞，需填的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞；因主語與keep是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；由從句謂語動(dòng)詞played 可知，要用一般過去時(shí)，故填kept.例句2：1 That was completely not a good idea ,so

3、I politely refused her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away. 解析：雖然句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞refused，但由and walked可知，所填詞與refused和walked是并列關(guān)系，所以也用一般過去式closed。牛刀小試1：1 My brother _(succeed) in winning the election last week.2 More than 2,000 people are _(employ).3 The first card _ (design) by the boy last week4

4、Mr. Smith stood up , _(pick) up his book and left.技巧2若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用ing形式、ed形式，還是用不定式形式。（to do/ to be done)確定方法如下： Ving形式表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行.或作主語；賓語 Ved形式表被動(dòng)，完成 To do形式表主動(dòng)，將來，例句1：It is important for us _(learn) English.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞is, it是形式主語，后面用不定式作真正的主語。所以填to learn.例句2：_(take) exercis

5、e is of great benefit to us.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞is, 所以take應(yīng)為非謂語；分析句子成分，作主語，表示一般情況，要用動(dòng)名詞。故填Taking.例句3：_(catch) the first bus, he got up early.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞got up, 所以catch 應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子成分分析，作狀語，表目的，故要用不定式而且主動(dòng)的，To catch.例句4：The teacher entered the classroom, _( follow) by some students.解析：句中已有謂語entered, 而follow又不是與之

6、并列的，故為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因?yàn)閠he teacher 與follow 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語,followed.例句5：He saw the stone, _(say) to himself, “The night will be dark”.解析：句中已有謂語saw, 且沒有并列連詞構(gòu)成并列謂語，所以，所給動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)是非謂語；又因He和say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying 作伴隨狀語。例句6：Lessons _(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.解析：因句中已有謂語can help, 所以lea

7、rn 應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因lesson與learn 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語作后置定語，故填learned.牛刀小試2：1 The teacher walked around _( inspect).2 Sorry, I cant go with you. Im _( suffer) from a serious headache.3 With time _(go) by , he has explored more and more fields4 _( host) the Olympics Games is also a great responsibility.5 We all wa

8、nt to have the problem _( solve) in a peaceful way.6 He cant say a word, _( point) at the notice on the wall angrily.7 The film _( base) on the novel is so interesting.8 The game _( design) for children to develop their interest in maths is popular with the kids.9 _ (see) the big snake, the little g

9、irl was frightened.10 _ (ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.二 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧（一）作表語，定語或補(bǔ)語，通常用形容詞形式 根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。例句1：The boy immediately felt _ (silence) when he heard the bad news.解析：因在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語，用形容詞，故填silent。例句2：If diseased tissue is found ,a _ (power) laser（激光） can be used to burn it

10、away解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填powerful。例句3：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填詞在句中作賓語most of their students的補(bǔ)足語，用形容詞；表示“感興趣的”，填interested。牛刀小試3：1 Mike was a _(rely) man and I think you can rely on him.2 He cant stand (忍受) people who are _( crue

11、lty)3 Tom made his mother _( anger) because of his rudeness.（二）作主語、及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后賓語，在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞后，或“冠詞+形容詞”后，用名詞形式；有時(shí)需要注意名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 例句 1: John Snow was able to announce with certainty (certain). 2：On December 10, the anniversary of the death (die) of Nobel 3: Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great impo

12、rtance (important) in correcting the behavior.牛刀小試4：1 They carried the children to _( safe) 2 I hold the _(believe) that we can overcome the difficulties. 3 On his _( arrive), he was given a warm welcome.（三）修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式 例句 1 Sadly (sad) the library had moved from its original place in

13、to another building. (副詞修飾整個(gè)句子) 2 By bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly (swift) （所給詞修飾動(dòng)詞move）牛刀小試5：1 He looked calm, but _( actual) he was nervous. 2 Mother has not yet recovered from the serious illness, but her health is improving _( gradual) day by day. 3 Anyone, whether

14、he is an official or a bus driver, should be _( equal) respected.（四）有可能是詞類不用變，主要是考察1 具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-等，在詞根后加-less等 2 比較級(jí)/最高級(jí) 3 名詞變復(fù)數(shù)例句1 He has strong determination and is unwilling (willing) to give up the opportunity. ( 他有很強(qiáng)的決心，不愿意放棄這次機(jī)會(huì)) 2 One main disadvantage (advantage) of

15、this area is that the public transport is not convenient. (這個(gè)地區(qū)一個(gè)主要缺點(diǎn)是公共交通不便利)3 Social customs_( custom) are different from country to country.4 The harder (hard) you try to study, the more likely(可能的) you will succeed. (the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) 結(jié)構(gòu)：越越-)牛刀小試6：1 I _( like) people who talk loudly in public plac

16、es. I think its very impolite. 2 It is _( fair) that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 3 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the office. 4 Now the water in the river is _(clean) than ever. 5 We have made our _( mind) to study English. 訓(xùn)練提升一1. I was certain she would lik

17、e it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. Being too anxious often _ (lead) to the bad result.3 In Logan, three people _ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic(地方診所). 4 House prices in that city _ ( decrease) by only 5% since last year.訓(xùn)練提升二1_ (sp

18、eak) out your inner(內(nèi)心的) feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary(說出你的內(nèi)心感受不會(huì)使你難堪，相反。)2 We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift.3 Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).4 _(complete) the

19、project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.5 He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”6 Lessons _ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 訓(xùn)練提升三1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said _ (rude). 2. As far as I am concerned, my _ (suggest) is t

20、hat we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. It is _(legal) to sell drugs, which do harm to peoples health.5. One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high scho

21、ol English teacher 6. We were both laughing the whole time. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in English, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _ (lonely) than I had expected that night. 7. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics（評(píng)論家） call her one of the

22、_ (great) writers of our time.8 He took some special _( course) to improve singing ability.綜合提升訓(xùn)練1 Little children live under the _(protect) of their parents.2 Deeply _( affect) by the story of Cong Fei, I am determined to be a volunteer.3 I found the streets _( decorate) with colorful flowers.4 I a

23、m eager to share my _ _ ( happy) with you.5 You have made much _ (great) progress in English6 Shes thinking of _( select) some short stories for my outside reading.7 He looked through the suits and_( select ) the cheapest for me.8 It is a great honor to attend a dinner party _( host) by the presiden

24、t of the company.9 Professor Li failed many times but he _(final) found a good way to solve the problem.10 It is an _(extreme) difficult task.11 People will have eye problems if they spend too much time _( watch) 3-D movies.12 The lawyer devoted his _( value) time to helping us.13 _( reach) the goal his boss set for him is his present dream.14 He was so angry that he threw the glass, _( break) it into pieces.15 I must have the paper _( type) in less than two ho