高中英語(yǔ) unit3 section2 Learning about Language 新人教版選修7

1、成才之路 英語(yǔ),路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版 選修7,Under the sea,Unit 3,Section Learning about Language,Unit 3,詞匯過關(guān) 1_adj.自信的_n信心 2_v幸存；經(jīng)歷還活著_n幸存_n幸存者 .短語(yǔ)自查 1可能已經(jīng)做了某事_ 2中靶_ 3使一直做_,confident,confidence,survive,survival,survivor,might/may have done sth,hit the target,keep.doing,句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1It is fun being taken to Beijing. _

2、_ _ _ is fun. 2That Tom had been admitted into a famous university made his parents happy. _ _ _ _ _ a famous university made his parents happy. 3The broken car needs repairing. The broken car _ _ _ _,4Though he was told many times, he couldnt understand it. _ _ _ many times, he couldnt understand i

3、t. 5The question which is being discussed now is of great importance. The question _ _ now is very important. 答案：1.Being taken to Beijing2.Toms having been admitted into3.needs to be repaired4.Having been told5.being discussed,1.confident adj.自信的；有信心的；有把握的 The teacher wants the students to feel conf

4、ident about asking questions when they dont understand. 老師要學(xué)生遇到不懂的問題就大膽提問。 Im confident that I can succeed. 我有信心能成功,知識(shí)拓展 be confident of/that對(duì)有把握 confidence n自信心；把握 have/lose confidence in.對(duì)有/失去信心 with confidence自信地 The doctor could not say with confidence that he would be able to walk again after t

5、he accident. 醫(yī)生不能肯定他經(jīng)過那場(chǎng)事故后還能行走,活學(xué)活用 補(bǔ)全句子 那個(gè)一直對(duì)生活充滿信心的教授由于他兒子的去世而精神崩潰。 The professor who was always _ _ _life broke down due to his sons death. 答案：having confidence in,2survive vt.幸存于；經(jīng)歷還活著；比活得長(zhǎng) vi.活著；繼續(xù)存在 Many birds didnt survive the severe winter here. 這里許多鳥過不了嚴(yán)冬。 The old woman survived her husban

6、d by ten years. 這位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 因這次撞車事故受傷的六人中，只有兩個(gè)活了下來(lái),知識(shí)拓展 survivor n幸存者 survival n幸存；死里逃生 The old man is the survivor of the air crash which happened in the city. 這位老人是發(fā)生在那個(gè)城市的飛機(jī)墜毀事件的幸存者,活學(xué)活用 (1)In such dry and hot weather the trees will h

7、ave to be watered if they_(survive) 答案：are to survive句意為“在這樣炎熱干燥的季節(jié)里，這些樹要想存活的話，就得澆水?！痹跅l件狀語(yǔ)從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，be to do表示“想要”之意。 (2)補(bǔ)全句子 既然你在地震中幸存下來(lái)，你應(yīng)該對(duì)未來(lái)充滿信心。 Since you_the earthquake, you should_ _ _future. 答案：survived; be confident of,3target nC目標(biāo)；靶；受批評(píng)的對(duì)象vt.把作為批評(píng)的對(duì)象；面向 Ive set myself a target of savi

8、ng 20 yuan a month. 我給自己定了一個(gè)目標(biāo)：每月存上20元。 Guo Degang has become the target for a lot of criticism recently. 郭德綱最近成了眾矢之的。 The enemys missiles were targeted at our cities. 敵方的導(dǎo)彈瞄準(zhǔn)了我們的城市,知識(shí)拓展 hit/miss the target中/脫靶 target sth. on/at把對(duì)準(zhǔn) meet/achieve a target達(dá)成目標(biāo) set a target設(shè)定目標(biāo) on/off target準(zhǔn)確/不準(zhǔn)確命中目標(biāo) s

9、ales target銷售目標(biāo) moving target移動(dòng)目標(biāo) He aimed at the target, fired but missed it. 他瞄準(zhǔn)靶子開火，卻未打中。 The advertisement is clearly targeted on the young. 這個(gè)廣告顯然是針對(duì)年輕人的,活學(xué)活用 完成句子 (1)給自己制定有望達(dá)到的指標(biāo)。 _ _ _ that you can reasonably hope to achieve. (2)我不喜歡這些針對(duì)兒童的電視廣告。 I dont like the television advertisements _ _ c

10、hildren. 答案：(1)Set yourself targets(2)targeted at,1.Thank God it was; otherwise, I might have been swallowed instead! 謝天謝地，否則，我也可能被吞沒了。 might/may have done表示“可能已經(jīng)做了某事”，用于對(duì)過去的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。此外，might/may have done還可表示“本來(lái)可以做某事(而實(shí)際上未做)”。如： Mary might have learned some Chinese before. 瑪麗以前可能學(xué)了一些漢語(yǔ),知識(shí)拓展 neednt ha

11、ve done本不必做某事(而實(shí)際上做了) cant have done不可能做了某事 could have done本可以做某事(而實(shí)際上未做) must have done一定做了某事 ought to/should have done本該做某事(而實(shí)際上未做) oughtnt to/shouldnt have done本不該做某事(而實(shí)際上做了,活學(xué)活用 (1)(真題改編遼寧)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _(drink) too much at the party last night. 答案：must have drunk考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意

12、：哈里感覺很不舒服。他一定是在昨晚的聚會(huì)上喝得太多了。此處是對(duì)過去行為的推測(cè)，故填must have drunk,2)(真題改編陜西)The children _(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. 答案：must have got本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：孩子們一定是在樹林里迷路了，否則按時(shí)間他們會(huì)在湖邊野營(yíng)了。根據(jù)下文可知此處是做了很有把握的肯定的推測(cè)，故用must；由would have been 可知是過去的事情，要表示對(duì)于過去的事情的推測(cè)要用

13、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done的形式，故填must have got,2They may be many kilometres long with plastic balls to keep them floating on the water, and weights to hold them down on the seabed. 他們或許有數(shù)千米長(zhǎng)，且?guī)в兴芰锨?，以讓它們漂浮在水面上；它們也帶有很多重物，以讓它們沉到海床上?(1)該句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。句中and連接的兩個(gè)介語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)with plastic balls.和(with)weights.作狀語(yǔ)，以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況；不定式短語(yǔ)to kee

14、p.和to hold.作后置定語(yǔ),2)句中使用了“keep賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，keep意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。該結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形式有： keepsb./sth.形容詞/副詞 I was too tired to keep my eyes open. 我累得眼睛都睜不開了。 In our daily life, we must keep ourselves away from danger. 日常生活中，我們必須使自己遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)。 keepsb./sth.介賓短語(yǔ) You should keep your hands behind your backs. 你們要把手放在背后,keepsb./sth.現(xiàn)在分

15、詞(表示動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)) Im sorry. I have kept you waiting outside for so long. 對(duì)不起，我讓你在外面等了那么久。 keepsb./sth.過去分詞(表示被動(dòng)和狀態(tài)的持續(xù)) Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 少說(shuō)話，多觀察,活學(xué)活用 (1)補(bǔ)全句子 他媽媽讓他在外面站了五分鐘。 His mother kept _ _ _ for 5 minutes. 答案：him standing outside (2)Lucy has a great sense of humor and always k

16、eeps her colleagues_(amuse) with her stories. 答案：amused考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。keepsb./sth.賓補(bǔ)“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。根據(jù)句意，sb.與它后面的動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填amused,動(dòng)詞v.ing形式 .v.ing形式的構(gòu)成,Having cleaned the desks, we began reading. 擦完了桌子后，我們便開始看書。 The building being built will be our school library. 正在建造的那座大樓將是我們學(xué)校的圖書館。 .v.ing形式的句法功能 (1)作主語(yǔ) Being

17、punished by the coach made Tom unhappy. 被教練懲罰了使湯姆不高興,典題賞析 (1)(真題改編湖南)_(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 答案：Understanding考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。所填詞做題干的主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，且是陳述一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞的一般式。 (2)(真題改編福建)_(know) basic firstaid techniques

18、 will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 答案：Knowing本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。Knowing basic firstaid techniques 為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),2)作賓語(yǔ) 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad. 我很感激給我這次出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。 助記：下列動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)記住下面口訣： 考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想。 避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。 禁止想像才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡,即：consider, sugg

19、est/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy(想像，設(shè)想); avoid; miss, keep/keep on, practise; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape。 作介詞的賓語(yǔ) I look forward to being invited to his wedding. 我盼望能受邀參加他的婚禮,典題賞析 (3)(真題改編北京)The f

20、ilm star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _(recognize) 答案：being recognized考查動(dòng)名詞的用法。recognize認(rèn)出，為及物動(dòng)詞，且與句子主語(yǔ)he構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)形式。句意為：那位電影明星戴著太陽(yáng)鏡。因此，他去購(gòu)物的時(shí)候就不會(huì)被人認(rèn)出來(lái)了。 (4)(真題改編陜西)Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _(go) for a swim? 答案：going本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：今天太熱了，你想去游泳嗎？feel like do

21、ing 想要做某事,3)作定語(yǔ) The bridge being built will be finished next month. 正在建的大橋下月將竣工。 典題賞析 (5)(2015真題改編福建)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，_(combine)the sense of “information” and “atmosphere,答案：combining非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要有動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞形式。其中現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，而過去分詞通常表示被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。根據(jù)該句意思：最近幾年，一個(gè)叫做infos

22、phere的英語(yǔ)單詞出現(xiàn)了，結(jié)合了“信息”和“氣氛”這兩個(gè)單詞。這里的結(jié)合與前面新出現(xiàn)的單詞的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)的，所以填combining。 (6)(真題改編山東)Theres a note pinned to the door _(say) when the shop will open again. 答案：saying考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：門上貼著通知說(shuō)，什么時(shí)候這個(gè)商店會(huì)再開業(yè)。此處a note與say之間是邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng),4)作賓補(bǔ) I heard this song being sung in English then. 那時(shí)，我聽到有人在用英語(yǔ)唱這首歌。

23、 典題賞析 (7)(2015真題改編浙江)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it_(perform)live is quite another. 答案：being performed句意：在家里面聽音樂是一回事，去到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽又是另一回事。hear sb./sth. doing 表聽到某人/某物做某事。由于音樂是被演奏的，所以需要被動(dòng)，所以填being performed,5)作狀語(yǔ) Being hit by a car, he didnt come to school yesterday. 因?yàn)楸卉囎擦耍蛱鞗]來(lái)上學(xué)。

24、 典題賞析 (8)(2015真題改編天津)_(work)for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 答案：Having worked句意：工作了兩天，Steve設(shè)法按時(shí)完成了他的報(bào)告。句中的邏輯主語(yǔ)為Steve，與work之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，這里用having worked，表示動(dòng)作的先后性,9)(2015真題改編重慶)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way_(use)the sun and the stars. 答案：using句意：像古代的水手，鳥

25、能利用太陽(yáng)和星辰來(lái)找到他們的路。using作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 (6)作表語(yǔ) The movie 2012 is very interesting. 電影2012很有趣,v.ing被動(dòng)形式的否定式是在其前加not I was upset for not having been invited to the party. 沒有被邀請(qǐng)參加聚會(huì)，我很難過。 典題賞析 (10)(真題改編四川)_ (know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. 答案：Not knowing本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。本題中know

26、與其主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，not 否定分詞時(shí)要放于其前面，故填not knowing,用所給詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1William couldnt bear _(make fun of) like that before the whole class. 2_(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. 3The food _(cook) at the moment is for the dinner party. 4The house _(build) will be a beautiful on

27、e,5_(defeat) three times by our competitors, we have to work out new strategies in the coming final competition. 6I have to go now, for I cant risk _ (punish) by our manager. 7What frustrated Joanna most was her _ (not allow) to go abroad alone. 8The girls _(educate) in a simple environment was what

28、 her parents wished lor,9This desk needs _(repair) right now. 10_(watch) by a crowd of people, Shirley felt nervous, not knowing what to say. 答案：1.being made fun of2.Being exposed3.being cooked4being built5.Having been defeated/Defeated6.being punished7.not being allowed8.being educated9.repairing/t

29、o be repaired10.Being watched,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1Its fun _(take) to the zoo. 2I cant bear _(laugh at) by them. 3The building _(repair) is our library. 4Dont be angry with me for _(not invite) to the party. 5Afraid of _(attack) by sharks, people dare not go swimming in the sea,6_(give) such a good chance, you might as well make full use of it. 7_(not tell) when the play started, he came late to the theatre and missed the first scene. 8_(show) around the Water Cube, we were taken to see the Birds Nest. 答案：1.being taken2.being laughed at3.being repaired4.not having been invited5.being attacked6