高中情態(tài)動詞課件大全

1、情態(tài)動詞(一,modal verbs,Grammar,情態(tài)動詞,表示推測,不表示推測,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義，但沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能獨立使用，它和后面的動詞構(gòu)成謂語 只作情態(tài)動詞的can/could, may/might, ought to， must 可情態(tài)可實義的need, dare/dared 可情態(tài)可助動詞的shall/should, will/would 相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞的have

2、to, used to,must , can/could, may/might 的用法,must,1.must 表示推測時， 只能用于肯定句,e.g.這個電腦肯定出了問題,There must be something wrong with the computer,你努力學(xué)了一整天， 一定累了吧,You have worked hard all day. You must be tired,2.must +be doing/do 表示對現(xiàn)在的動作進行肯定推測,e.g.他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說,He must be reading novels now,他們買了一輛新車。 他們一定很有錢,They

3、have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money,3.must +have done 表示對過去發(fā)生的事情作出的肯定判斷,e.g.他們在玩籃球， 他們一定完成了作業(yè),They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework,路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了,The road is wet. It must have rained last night,對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r推測：must +動詞原形。 must只能用于肯定。否定和疑問分別用cant和can。 e.g. H

4、e must tell a lie. Can he tell a lie ? He cant tell a lie. *must-should/ought to may-might/could+do 可能性依次減弱,He must be reading, isnt he? You must do it yourself, dont you? He must have gone over the article, hasnt he? It must have rained last night, didnt it,表猜測語氣的反意疑問句的構(gòu)成,can/could,1. can /could 表示

5、推測時，只能用在否定句或疑問句中,e.g. Its so late. Can Tom be reading,Can it be Mr. Green,這個人不可能是瑪麗， 她生病了,It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill,她不可能在說謊,She couldnt be telling lies,2. can/could have done 對過去發(fā)生行為的可能性進行推測,剛才我還看見他了， 所以他不可能出國的,I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad,門是鎖著的， 所以她不可能在家,The door was

6、locked,She couldnt have been at home,3. can/could have done “本可以，本來可能已經(jīng)”用于肯定句中，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情做出的判斷,e.g.你本來可以考的更好,You could have had a better mark,may/might,1.may/might表示推測時，只能用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動作把握不大,e.g.她們明天可能會到這里來,They may come here tomorrow,他們可能還在等我們呢,They may be still waiting for us,3.might/may have

7、 done,表示對過去發(fā)生的動作進行可能性推測,e.g.他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了,He may have gone to the clinic,他可能已經(jīng)從報紙上知道這個消息了,He might have read about the news in the newspaper,用于表達合理推斷。 e.g. It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, she should be an excellent dancer,2. should 的用法,表示推測情態(tài)動詞

8、的重要用法,肯定的推測 可能的推測 否定的推測 疑問的推測,must,對將來 對現(xiàn)在 對過去,情態(tài)動詞,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,V. + V. + have done 常見must be + be doing,V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不,V. + V. + have done + be doing,V. + V. + have done + be doing,1.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south,2.Tom boug

9、ht a lot of apples. He must like eating apples,3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now,isnt, he,didnt he,arent they,因must后是實意動詞like,因must后是系動詞 be,must后接的是be sleeping，是對正在進行的情況推測,1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term,hadnt we,3.He must hav

10、e gone to Beijing,didnt it,hasnt he,若句中含有過去完成時的時間狀語，用過去完成時完成反意疑問句,若句中含有過去的時間狀語，用一般過去時完成反意疑問句,若句中不含任何時間狀語， 用現(xiàn)在完成時完成反意疑問句,2.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy,1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3. T

11、he road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷. 6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (go) by bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he

12、came to work by bus this morning. 邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐 公共汽車來上班的,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,Practice 2:表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have

13、slept through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be doing? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose,1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考題） A. must B. can C. need D. may 2

14、.It has been announced that candidates(候選人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考題） A. can B.will C. may D. shall 3.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考題） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. co

15、uldnt be D. mustnt be,情態(tài)動詞（二,modal verb,Grammar ( 33ms,could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本來能夠而沒能”，具有婉轉(zhuǎn)的批評和責(zé)備之意,1. I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本來能夠輕易通過考試，但我犯了太多不該 犯的錯誤。 2.You could have reported to me earlier. 你本該早點告訴我的,should/ought to+have done用于肯定句時，表示“本該做

16、某事而實際上沒做”，用于否定句時，則表示“不該做的事反而做了,1.You should have told him a week ago. 你本來應(yīng)該在一周前告訴他的。 2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room. 他不該、把雜志帶出閱覽室的,might（不用may）+have done表示“本來可能”，但實際上沒有發(fā)生的事。另外，還可表示“本來應(yīng)該或可以做某事”之意，含有輕微的責(zé)備語氣,1.You might not have told her. 你本可以不告訴他的。（事實上你告訴他了） 2. You

17、might have come earlier. 你本可以早點來的。（但沒有這樣,neednt +have done表示做了本來不必去做的事,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday. 昨天她本不必到火車站去的.（昨天她去了） 2.You neednt have bought it. 你本可不必買它的。 （你買了,鞏 固 練 習(xí),1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt h

18、ave eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt have eaten 2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning? A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clock C. must have no one t o call her D. should have someone to wake her up 3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No.

19、We _, but we decided not to. A.should have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone,B,B,A,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up 5.Im rather surprised you havent reported hi

20、m to your teacher. In my opinion, you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have done C. should have done D. could have done,D,C,2. should 的用法,注意：should可表示“居然，竟然”。 e.g.我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居然對老人如此無禮。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old,e.g. Young peo

21、ple should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go,3. should常表示勸告、建議、命令，與ought to意義相近，但ought to多表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)，語氣強烈。在疑問句中通常用should代替ought to,e.g. You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldnt have left without saying a word,4.should/ought to have done表示責(zé)備或批評,意為“本應(yīng)該做到但沒有做到”,用于否定則表示“本不該但”ought to的語氣更強烈,can, could 和be able to的用法,e.g.She can/be able to sing the song in English