研究生英語上冊第八單元英語與翻譯對應(yīng)Word版

1、傳播優(yōu)秀Word版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！16 Let both sides, for the first time, formulate (v.制訂) serious and precise (adj.精確的，一絲不茍的) proposals (n.建議書) for the inspection (n.視察，檢查) and control of arms (n.武器)-and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations. 讓雙方首次為軍備檢查

2、和軍備控制制訂認真而又明確的提案，把毀滅其他國家的絕對力量置于所有國家的絕對控制之下。17 Let both sides seek to invoke (v.調(diào)用，利用 ) the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts (n.沙漠/v.放棄，遺棄), eradicate (v.根除，消滅) disease, tap the ocean depths (深海) , and encourage the arts and commerce (n

3、.貿(mào)易).讓雙方尋求利用科學(xué)的神奇力量，而不是激發(fā)科學(xué)的恐怖因素。讓我們一起探索星球，征服沙漠，根除疾患，開發(fā)深海，并鼓勵藝術(shù)和商業(yè)的發(fā)展。18 Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah (n.以賽亞書(圣經(jīng)舊約)；圣經(jīng)男子名)-to “undo (v.取消；解開；破壞；撤銷) the heavy burdens (n.負擔(dān)；責(zé)任) and to let the oppressed (adj.受壓制的；受壓迫的) go free (獲得自由).讓雙方團結(jié)起來，在全世界各個角落傾聽

4、以賽亞的訓(xùn)令“卸下沉重的負擔(dān)，讓被欺壓者得到自由?！?9 And if a beachhead(n.灘頭陣地) of cooperation may push back the jungle(n.叢林) of suspicion(猜忌的), let both sides join in creating a new endeavor(n.努力), not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure(adj.安全的) and the peace pres

5、erved(adj.保藏的). 如果合作的灘頭陣地能逼退猜忌的叢林，那么久讓雙方共同作一次新的努力，不是建立一種新的均勢，而是創(chuàng)造一個新的法治世界，在這個世界中，強者公正，弱者安全，和平將得到維護。Unit 8B1 Personal transportation (n.運輸工具) is truly a marvel (n.奇跡) of the twentieth century. Advances in many fields of technology have made automobiles (n.汽車，發(fā)動器) and channels of transportation availa

6、ble to almost anyone. However, the freeways (n.高速公路) in major cities, on which so many people depend for getting them to work or school every day, were not designed for the amount of traffic they now required to accommodate (v.適應(yīng),調(diào)解). Because of this there are many problems with heavy traffic and we

7、 experience difficulty in quickly responding to problems that occur.個人交通工具確實是20世紀的一個奇跡。在許多領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)進步使汽車和運輸渠道提供給任何人。然而,主要城市的高速公路,很多人所依賴的讓他們每天工作或?qū)W校,沒有設(shè)計的流量現(xiàn)在他們需要適應(yīng)。因為這個和擁擠的交通有很多問題,我們經(jīng)歷困難迅速應(yīng)對出現(xiàn)的問題。2 Even with the technology embedded (v.嵌入) in todays automobiles, driving can be a frustrating (adj.令人沮喪的) an

8、d potentially (adv.可能地) deadly experience. This is especially true in large metropolitan (adj.大城市的) cities, where the criss-crossing (交叉回交,十字形交叉) network of highways creates an amazingly complex system, just waiting for something to go wrong. And things will go wrong, theres no avoiding that, the sy

9、stem depends on far too many elements (n.基礎(chǔ),原理).即使技術(shù)嵌入在今天的汽車,開車可以是一個令人沮喪的和潛在的致命的經(jīng)驗。特別是在大型城市,公路縱橫交錯的網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)造了一個非常復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng),只是等待出錯。事情會出錯,沒有避免,系統(tǒng)取決于太多的元素。3 However, there are still things that can be done to minimize(v.最小化) the risk and effects of the occurrences(n.發(fā)生,出現(xiàn)). Generally the solution for reducing t

10、raffic has been to widen highways. But, this merely postpones(v.使延期,把放在次要地位) the problem; the number of people and cars on freeways will continue to increase. A national program called Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) attempts to solve these problems through engineering and technology. ITS ac

11、hieves this by combining the hardware, software, and networking necessary to gather(v.收集,聚集), process, and distribute(v.分配,散布,分開) information important to the parties involved.然而,仍然有事情可以做事件的風(fēng)險和影響降到最低。一般的解決方案減少公路交通已經(jīng)擴大。但是,這僅僅是推遲的問題;以及高速公路上的汽車的人數(shù)將繼續(xù)增加。國家項目叫做智能交通系統(tǒng)(ITS)通過工程和技術(shù)試圖解決這些問題。其達到這樣的目標,結(jié)合硬件、軟件和

12、網(wǎng)絡(luò)需要收集,過程,和分發(fā)信息重要的當事人。4 The official goals of all ITS organizations are to improve the safety and efficiency (n.效率;功效) of traveling on city freeways. These are serious issues (n.問題) and have an effect on citizens of large cities on a daily basis (每天 指一起共事). When there is an accident on the road, the

13、 response time of medical services is extremely important. Seconds can make the difference between life and death; Emergency Medical Services (EMS) need to be on the scene (在場,到場) right after the accident has occurred. If the system is integrated into the transportation infrastructure (n.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,公共建設(shè))

14、so that EMS is alerted within seconds of a traffic accident, many lives can be saved.所有組織的官方目標是改善旅游城市高速公路的安全性和效率。這是很嚴重的問題,影響公民每天的大城市。當有事故在路上,醫(yī)療服務(wù)的響應(yīng)時間是非常重要的。秒能讓生與死的區(qū)別,緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)(EMS)需要在現(xiàn)場對事故發(fā)生后。如果系統(tǒng)是集成到交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,EMS提醒在幾秒內(nèi)的交通事故,可以拯救許多人的生命。5 The next step to make transportation safer is to reduce the risks t

15、hat can cause such accidents. This includes reducing traffic congestion (n.原因), clearing accidents more quickly, and routinely checking the transportation channels for dangerous areas or obstructions (n.難題,引起麻煩的人). The problem is that it would require a massive workforce to successfully implement (a

16、dj.這樣的) this sort of program in a major city like Los Angeles.讓交通更安全的下一步是減少風(fēng)險,可能會導(dǎo)致這類事故的發(fā)生。這包括減少交通堵塞,清理事故更迅速,并經(jīng)常檢查運輸危險區(qū)域或渠道障礙。問題是,這需要大量勞動力來成功地實現(xiàn)這種計劃在洛杉磯這樣的大城市。6 Luckily, there is a better solution. ITS proposes (n.建議) to work towards solving these problems through the application of technology. ITS

17、does this by combining sensors to gather important information about traffic and accidents, a data network to transfer that information, and a base of operations with mainframe (n.大型計算機) computers to process and distribute this information. This network of sensors and computers can provide instant a

18、nd comprehensible (adj.可理解的) access to a large set of complicated data.幸運的是,有一個更好的解決方案。它提出了努力解決這些問題通過技術(shù)的應(yīng)用。通過結(jié)合傳感器收集交通擁擠和事故的重要信息,數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸信息,并與大型計算機的基礎(chǔ)操作處理和分發(fā)這些信息。這個網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳感器和計算機可以提供即時和理解大量的復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)的訪問。7 To understand how an ITS system would operate (v.運轉(zhuǎn)), it is helpful to look at how all the parts work tog

19、ether. First, there is the information gathering stage (n. 階段). Here, many cameras and sensors around the whole city study and collect data 24 hours a day. This data can be visual (adj.視覺的) or infrared images (紅外圖像) of traffic, or electronic sensors that measure traffic speed and density.了解一個系統(tǒng)操作,它有

20、助于看看所有部分一起工作。首先是信息收集階段。這里,很多攝像機和傳感器整個城市研究和收集數(shù)據(jù)一天24小時。這些數(shù)據(jù)可以是視覺或紅外圖像的流量,或電子傳感器,測量流量的速度和密度。8 It is important for the computers and engineers studying the data that the visual images be not only clear and crisp (adj.脆的,新鮮的,易碎的), but that the visual coverage of the freeway is as complete as possible. If

21、 an accident happens on a part of the road that is not visible, the whole system is pretty much useless. Infrared (adj.紅外線的) cameras can provide information that a conventional (adj. 符合習(xí)俗的) visible light camera might miss, however, they also require different processing than regular cameras.重要的是電腦和工

22、程師研究視覺圖像的數(shù)據(jù)不僅清脆,但視覺覆蓋盡可能完整的高速公路。如果事故發(fā)生在路上的一部分是不可見的,整個系統(tǒng)都是無用的。紅外攝像機可以提供信息,傳統(tǒng)的可見光相機可能會錯過,然而,他們也需要不同的處理比普通相機。9 Besides cameras, loop detectors can be used to determine (v.下決心) traffic flow (交通流量) and density. These are loops of metal wire under the road; a small computer monitors the change in inductan

23、ce (n.電感，感應(yīng)系數(shù)) in the loop caused by the magnetic (adj.地磁，有磁性的) field of a metal object (in this case a car) passing by. By measuring the time it takes for each car to pass by and the number of cars that pass by in a given amount of time, a computer can determine the average speed and density of tra

24、ffic on the road. However, these computers cannot perform a useful function (n.功能) without the data from the sensors. 除了相機,回路探測器可用于確定交通流量和密度。這些循環(huán)道路下的金屬線,一個小電腦顯示器造成的循環(huán)中電感的變化磁場的金屬物體(在這種情況下,一輛汽車)經(jīng)過。通過測量時間每輛車經(jīng)過和汽車的數(shù)量,經(jīng)過在給定的時間內(nèi),一臺計算機可以確定車輛的平均速度和密度。然而,這些計算機無法完成一個有用的功能沒有來自傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)。10 Once this information ga

25、thering (信息收集，情報收集) hardware has been put in place, all the information needs to be transmitted (v.傳送，傳輸) somewhere. This is a massive undertaking ()大事業(yè); imagine connecting a huge number of sensors spread out over (分為多少時間付清) the freeway system of an entire city! For security reasons, this network is

26、 typically kept separate from any existing networks. A wireless network is an option, but because of the immense (adj.巨大的) quantity of data that needs to be transmitted and the speed at which it needs to be available, optical cables (光纜) are usually used. It requires careful engineering to determine

27、 the best way to lay out the optical cable and space the mini-server (小型服務(wù)器) computers that will help combine and transmit all this data to the computers where it can be processed.一旦這個信息收集硬件已經(jīng)到位,所有的信息需要傳播的地方。這是一項巨大的任務(wù),想象連接大量的傳感器分散到整個城市的高速公路系統(tǒng)!出于安全原因,這個網(wǎng)絡(luò)通常是分開任何現(xiàn)有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)是選項之一,但由于巨大數(shù)量的數(shù)據(jù)需要傳輸,它需要的速度,光

28、纜通常使用。它需要仔細的工程確定最好的方法制定的光纜和空間mini-server電腦將幫助相結(jié)合和傳輸這些數(shù)據(jù)到電腦,它可以被處理。11 When all the data have been collected and the network is in place to transmit it, there needs to be a central station to collect and process that data. This station needs to be equipped with (配備有) a powerful mainframe (n.主機；大型機) co

29、mputer and a lot of storage (n.儲存) space. When the data first comes in, it is stored in short-term memory for processing. The computer must analyze frames (n.框架，畫面) of video, collections of traffic speed and density, and input from the engineers monitoring (v.監(jiān)視，監(jiān)聽) all of its outputs. All of this i

30、nformation has to be processed with regard to (關(guān)于，至于) equivalent data from previous seconds and minutes in order to look for patterns or breaks in patterns; something that would hint at congestion or an accident. Needless to say, this requires very sophisticated hardware and software for the analysi

31、s, storage and display of such information. 當所有的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)收集和網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸,需要收集和處理數(shù)據(jù)的中央車站。本站需要配備一個強大的計算機主機和存儲空間。數(shù)據(jù)第一次進入時,儲存在短時記憶進行處理。計算機必須分析幀的視頻,交通速度和密度的集合,從工程師監(jiān)控所有的輸入輸出。所有這些信息關(guān)于等效處理數(shù)據(jù)從之前的秒、分鐘為了尋找模式或減免模式;這將暗示擁堵或事故。不用說,這需要非常復(fù)雜的硬件和軟件的分析、存儲和顯示這樣的信息。12 After the important information has been gathered, the results mus

32、t be stored in permanent or semi-permanent (adj.半永久的) memory for long-term analysis. By having this depository (n.受托的) available, programs can look for problems in daily or weekly traffic patterns. Later analysis could show that a certain road becomes very crowded for a few hours at a certain time o

33、f the day. Engineers and workers could then instruct (v. 指導(dǎo)) the system to reroute (v.變更旅程) certain incoming lanes to a different route to reduce the congestion. Amazingly, the computer software, with only a minor necessary input of an engineer, could do this whole process autonomously. The possibilities this offers in helping reduce traffic congestion are astounding (adj.令人震驚的), but it is important tha