課堂講義大學英語四六級考試寫作應試策略

1、 大學英語四六級考試寫作應試策略 概 述 大綱要求 評分標準 本教程的適應對象 有強烈的過關愿望 有一定的英語基礎 多寫、多練、多背 目標：1215分 大 綱 要 求 一般要求：能用常見的應用文體完成一般的寫作任務，能描述個人經(jīng)歷、事件、觀感、情感等，能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時內(nèi)寫出120詞的短文，內(nèi)容基本完整、用詞恰當，語篇連貫。能在一般或應用寫作中使用恰當?shù)膶懽骷寄堋?較高要求：能寫日常應用文，能寫自己專業(yè)論文的英語摘要，能借助參考資料寫出與專業(yè)相關、結(jié)構基本清晰、內(nèi)容較為豐富的報告和論文，能描寫各種圖表，能就一定的話題在半小時內(nèi)寫出160詞的短文，內(nèi)容完整，條理清楚，文理通順。 更高要

2、求：能就一般性主題比較自如地表達個人的觀點，做到文章結(jié)構清晰、內(nèi)容豐富、邏輯性強。能用英語撰寫所學專業(yè)的技術報告、論文。能在半小時內(nèi)寫出200詞的說明文或議論文，內(nèi)容完整，文理通順，思想表達清晰。 評分標準 - 1 2分：調(diào)理不清，思路紊亂有嚴重錯誤 5分：基本切題，表達思想不夠清楚，連貫性差，有較多的嚴重語法錯誤 8分：基本切題，有些地方思想表達不夠清楚，語言勉強連貫，有少量語法錯誤 11分：切題，表達思想清楚，文章連貫，有少量語法錯誤 14分：切題，表達思想清楚，文章通順，基本上沒有語法錯誤評分標準 2 字數(shù)90-99：扣1分 字數(shù)80-89：扣2分 字數(shù)70-79：扣3分 字數(shù)60-69

3、：扣4分 字數(shù)50-59：扣5分評分標準 3 總體評分原則：就總的印象給出獎勵分，而不是按照語言點的錯誤數(shù)目扣分 綜合評判原則：切題，是否清楚表達思想，是否用英語表達思想 避免超中原則：我們的問題 不會用英語表達自己的想法 寫出來的英語不地道 寫作模板太多，記不住應試對策- 1 160180個單詞 整潔 審題 選擇適當框架；填空 檢查應試對策- 2 內(nèi)容不跑題即可 結(jié)構上牢記總分總：先寫主題句（Topic Sentence),最后寫總結(jié)句（Conclusion） 語言最重要，往往使評分產(chǎn)生重大差異，語言要模仿和包裝 基本過程基本表達 人們認為：it is generally /widely b

4、elieved/held/agreed that 越來越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of萬能理由 方便：convenient / convenience 效率：efficient / efficiently / efficiency 節(jié)省和浪費：save time / money / space; economical, thrift waste time / money / space; costly, lavish 人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competiti

5、ve, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance; selfish, isolated, conservative 人的身體健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic 娛樂：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax, tired, boring, lonely 環(huán)境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty 安全和危險：safe, danger, risk 經(jīng)驗：

6、experience, social experience, enter the society 人際：humane， fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely結(jié)尾萬能公式一：結(jié)論 Obviously（此為過渡短語）,we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus Thus, it can be

7、concluded that , Therefore, we can find that 結(jié)尾萬能公式二：建議 obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Consequently, to some the problem, some measures should be taken.檢查：不要犯低級錯誤 字母大小寫 不標準的符號 單詞拼寫 主謂一致 動詞時態(tài) 名稱復數(shù)應試對策-

8、3 長短句交叉 主動變被動 主題句原則 一二三原則 用詞是否恰當，準確，形象，盡量使用能夠吸引 閱卷老師眼球的閃光詞 關鍵詞是否換用，切勿老用重復詞 短語優(yōu)先原則 多變句式原則長短句交叉 As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.主動變被動 適當用被動代替主動，

9、這樣能更客觀的反應事實 句子開頭不要總是用we / I - we should pay attention to / Attention should be paid to - It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. Thus, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.主題句原則 隱藏主題句是不明智的 一二三原則 1) first, second, t

10、hird, last (不推薦，原因：俗） 2) firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally (不推薦，原因：俗） 3) the first, the second, the third, the last (不推薦，原因：俗） 4) in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly (不推薦，原因：俗） 5) to begin with, then, furthermore, finally （推薦） 6) to start with, next, in addition, fi

11、nally （推薦） 7) first and foremost, besides, last but not least （強烈推薦） 8) most important of all, moreover, finally （強烈推薦） 9) on the one hand, on the other hand （適用于兩點的情況） 10) for one thing, for another thing （適用于兩點的情況）用詞：善于使用插入語 1 常見的形容詞（詞組），副詞作插入語的有：sure enough（果然）; strange; worse still（更糟糕的是）; most

12、important（最重要的是）; honestly; obviously; however; otherwise; luckily; unfortunately; besides; first; second; especially; surprisingly等 例如：- Worse still, the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.- We must do the experiment carefully; otherwise youll get another result.- Honestly, I dont need

13、 it at the moment.- He likes the country, especially in spring.用詞：善于使用插入語 2 常見的不定式有：to tell the truth; to be short（簡單地）; to begin with（首先）; to be sure（自然、當然、果然）; to be honest/frank; to make things worse; to make a long story short; to speak of（值得一提的是）; to be fair, to sum up（概括地說）等。這些插入語表示說話人的態(tài)度，在句子中

14、作獨立成份。 - To tell the truth, this is all Greek to me.用詞：善于使用插入語 3 常見的現(xiàn)在分詞短語有：generally speaking; frankly speaking; judging from/by; talking of（談到）; considering（考慮到，因為是）; putting it mildly（說得客氣一點）等。這些分詞用來修飾全句。 - Judging from appearance, he seems to be a strong man.用詞：善于使用插入語 4 常見的介詞短語有：in fact; in add

15、ition; in a word; on the other hand; in other words; in ones opinion; in that case; by the way; of course; as a rule（通常）; to ones surprise; for example; on the contrary（相反）; in a way（在某點上，在某種程度上）; for one thing; for another (thing)等。 - In a way, I think we both won in the game.用詞：善于使用插入語 5 常見的從句有：if

16、 you dont mind; if you like; if you please; if necessary; if any; if I may say so; if convenient; as it happens等。 - You can, if you please, come to join us in the game.用詞：善于使用插入語 6 常見的固定短語：as a result; that is (to say); whats more; as above; all in all (總之)，等。 - All in all, they have had a wonderful

17、 time today.用詞：學會換詞 考試中一般不要出現(xiàn) good, bad, many, thing, think, people, opinion 等 applicable代替proper, approaches代替ways, implement代替carry out, sharpen ones competitive edge代替 enhance ones competitivenessCOMPUTER AND I I never forget the exceedingly (very) thrilling (exciting) day when my mother bought m

18、e a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me (be interested in sth.) so that I indulged myself in googling (search) an army of (a lot of) useful information I had expected The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of (more and more popular) com

19、puters. Coincident with (with) the advancement (development) of science and technology, computers pouring into (enter into) the current (now) society as a fashion are appealing to (be interested in sth.) growing individuals (more and more people). It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged

20、(sunken) by them, in large measure!短語優(yōu)先原則 I cannot bear it./ I cannot pout up with it. I want it./ I am looking forward to it.多變句式原則 加法（串聯(lián)） 可以在任何句子之間加 and，但最好是前后的句 子有先后關聯(lián)或者并列關系。比如說： - I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果二者是并列的，我們可以用一個地道的英語句型： - Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is

21、also warm. 其它的短語可以用：besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover多變句式原則 轉(zhuǎn)折- The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.- The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短語：- despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding多變句式原則 因果（so）- The snow began to fall, so we

22、went home. 更多短語：- then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that多變句式原則 附加 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I dont enjoy that book you are reading. Mr. Liu, our English teacher, is easy going.多變句式原則 排比 Nowadays, energy can be obtained throu

23、gh various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.多變句式原則 換言之- I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.- I am wild about you. In other

24、 words, I have fallen in love with you.- I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. 更多短語：in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply舉例 1 For example, For instance, It can be given a concrete example, Take for an example, it is a very obviou

25、s case, There is one impressive example I want to mention here. Lets seen an example. It is best illustrated if given the following example. Let me provide an example.舉例 2 Perhaps the most important example of is that To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive. An instance that

26、accompanies this reason is that An example can give the details of this argument, It is forceful example to demonstrate the importance of In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example.理由 1 The third, but very importance reason is that The third, not the last is that The last factor to be taken seriously is Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore理由 - 2 It might also be noted that Another reason why （湊字數(shù)，但不可濫 用