中考英語(yǔ)分詞用法講解(最新整理)

1、中考英語(yǔ)分詞用法講解1、分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞前置we can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日he is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人分詞后置 (i 分詞詞組；ii 個(gè)別分詞如 given, left； iii 修飾不定代詞 something 等) there was a girl sitting there. 有個(gè)女孩坐在那里this is the question given. 這是所給的問(wèn)題there is nothing interesting. 沒(méi)有有趣的東西過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。most

2、of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. most of the artists invited to the party were from south africa. 典型例題1) the first textbookfor teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.a. have writtenb. to be writtenc. being writtend. written答案 d. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞

3、做定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句 which is written2）whats the languagein germany?a. speakingb. spokenc. be spokend. to speak答案 b. 主語(yǔ) language 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。spoken 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的過(guò)去分詞形式，在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ) language, spoken 與 language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：whats the language (which is) spoken in german?2、分詞作狀語(yǔ)as i didnt receive any letter f

4、rom him, i gave him a call.- not receiving any letter from him, i gave him a call.由于沒(méi)有收到他的信，我給他打了電話。if more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.- given more attention，the trees could have grown better.假如多給些照顧，那些樹會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。典型例題1） some officials, napoleon inspected his army.a. followed

5、b. followed by c. being followed d. having been followed答案 b. napoleon 與 follow 之間有被動(dòng)的含義。being followed 除表達(dá)被動(dòng)之外，還有動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之意。 followed by（被跟隨）。本題可改為：with some officials following, napoleon inspected his army.2） there was a terrible noise the sudden burst of light.a. followed b. following c. to be foll

6、owed d. being followed答案 b. 由于聲音在閃電后，因此為聲跟隨著光，聲音為跟隨的發(fā)出者，為主動(dòng)。用現(xiàn)在分詞。3） , liquids can be changed into gases.a. heatingb. to be heatedc. heatedd. heat答案 c. 本題要選一分詞作為狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行的；過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)的，已經(jīng)完成的。對(duì)于液體來(lái)說(shuō)是加熱的受動(dòng)者，是被動(dòng)的，因而選 c。它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句 when it is heated，注意： 選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之

7、就用過(guò)去分詞。(being ) used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。using the book, i find it useful.在使用的過(guò)程中， 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。3、連詞+分詞(短語(yǔ))有時(shí)為使分詞短語(yǔ)與主句關(guān)系更清楚，可在分詞前加連詞。 連詞有： when，while，if though，after, before, as. 但分詞的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)必須為同一個(gè)，如：while waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building

8、. waiting 和 saw 的主語(yǔ)相同。4、分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)通常在感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞之后，如：i found my car missing. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車不見了。ill have my watch repaired. 我想把我的手表修一下5、分詞作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞： 表示主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行過(guò)去分詞： 表示被動(dòng)，已經(jīng)完成she looked tired with cooking. 她由于忙著做飯，看上去有些疲倦。he remained standing beside the table. 他依然站在桌旁。6、分詞作插入語(yǔ)其結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的，意思上的主語(yǔ)并不是句子的主語(yǔ)。generally speaking 一

9、般說(shuō)來(lái)talking of (speaking of) 說(shuō)道strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格的說(shuō)judging from 從判斷all things considered 從整體來(lái)看taking all things into consideration 全面看來(lái)judging from his face, he must be ill. 從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，狗比豬跑得快。 (speaking 并不是dogs 的動(dòng)作)7、分詞的時(shí)態(tài)1） 與主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)，hearing

10、 the news, he jumped with joy.聽到這一消息，他高興得手舞足蹈。arriving there, they found the boy dead. 剛一到那兒，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)那男孩死了。典型例題the secretary worked late into the night,a long speech for the president.a. to prepareb. preparingc. preparedd. was preparing答案 b. 此處沒(méi)有連詞，不能選 d，否則出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 worked 和 was preparing。 只能在b，c 中選一個(gè)。

11、又因前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且與主語(yǔ)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。2） 先于主動(dòng)詞while walking in the garden，he hurt his leg. 在花園里散步時(shí)他傷了腿。分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如果先與主動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作，且強(qiáng)調(diào)先后， 要用 having done。having finished his homework, he went out.=as he had finished his homework, he went out.做完作業(yè)后，他出去了。典型例題 a reply, he decided to write again.a. not receivingb. receiv

12、ing notc. not having receivedd. having not received答案 c. 本題考查分詞的時(shí)態(tài)與分詞的否定式。根據(jù)題意判斷，分詞的動(dòng)作（接信）發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作（決心再寫信）之前，因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成為 not +分詞，故選 c。該句可理解為：because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.8、分詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)1）通常，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，例如：he is the man giving you the money. (= who gave you)

13、他就是給你錢的那個(gè)人。he is the man stopped by the car.( = who was stopped by) 他就是那個(gè)被車攔住的人。 2）不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned例: a well-read person.一個(gè)讀過(guò)許多書的人a much-travelled may 一個(gè)去過(guò)許多地方的人a burnt-out match燒完了的火柴“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage. minand onc

14、e said, people who learn to learn are very happy people. in every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. as a professional clerical and teaching position, i understand the importance of continuous learning, life is diligent, nothing can be gained, only continuous learning can achieve better self. only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up