專升本英語語法 主謂一致

1、專升本語法復(fù)習(xí),主謂一致,在,英語,句子里,謂語受主語支配,其動(dòng),詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,這就叫主謂一致。尋其規(guī)律,大致可,歸納為三個(gè)原則,即,語法一致、邏輯,意義一致,和,就近一致,原則,一、謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)的情況,1,由,and,連接的,并列成分指的是同一概念，身兼兩職或成,套事物,a worker and writer;a knife and fork,e.g.1.The poet and writer .(come,2.A hammer and a saw useful tools,考點(diǎn)：用,and,連接的成對名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整,體,如,bread and butter,

2、黃油抹面包, knife and fork,刀叉,等,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),has come,are,2. Every and(every)/eachand (each,no and (no), many aand (many a,連接兩,個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語,e.g.1.Every boy and every girl_ to go swimming,2. No teacher and no student_absent from the,meeting,3. Each man and (each) woman _asked to,help,likes,was,is,考點(diǎn),用連接的并列主語被

3、,each, every,或,no,修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞,用單數(shù),something, everything, anything, nothing,somebody,nobody, no one,等不定代詞作主語，謂語通常是單數(shù),思考,1.Many a boy playing basketball,許多男生都喜歡打籃球,2. More than one student,不只一個(gè)學(xué)生遲到,3.More persons than one help us,不止一個(gè)人來幫助我們,likes,was late,come to,考點(diǎn),若主語中有,more than one,或,many a/an,盡管從意義上

4、看是復(fù)數(shù)，但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍,用單數(shù),但,more,復(fù)數(shù)名詞,than one,做主語,時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù),e.g.1.Serving the people _my greatest happiness,為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福,2. When we,ll go out for an outing_,我們什么時(shí)候出去郊游已決定了,is,has been decided,3,不定式,短語,動(dòng)名詞,短語,或從句作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng),詞用單數(shù),e.g. 1. Air as well as water matter,空氣和水都是物質(zhì),2. No one except two servants late,f

5、or the dinner,除了兩個(gè)仆人外,沒有一個(gè)人遲來用餐,is,was,4,單數(shù)主語,即使后面帶有,with, along with, together with,like,像, but,除了,except, besides, as well as, no less,than, rather than,而不是, including, in addition to,引導(dǎo)的,短語,謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù),5. one/every one/each /either/the number of,復(fù)數(shù),名詞作主語,e.g. Each of us something to say,我們每個(gè)人都有話要說,h

6、as,考點(diǎn),each of,復(fù)數(shù)代詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。復(fù),數(shù)代詞,each,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),思考,None of us perfect,人無完人,None of this me,這事一點(diǎn)不使我著急,are (is,worries,考點(diǎn),none,做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用,復(fù)數(shù)：但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù)，因,而謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù),6,無生命集體名詞,clothing /cloth /furniture /traffic,jewelry/luggage/poetry/equipment/machinery,機(jī),器,baggage,做主語,e.g,1,Clothing _ badl

7、y needed in this flooded area,2.The number of the unemployed _ still increasing,3. All their baggage _ stolen,4.The furniture _ convenient to move,5.All the machinery in the factory _ made in China,6. Jewelry _ used for decoration and wear,is,is,is,was,is,is,7,以,ics,結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱,physics, mathematics,以,s,

8、結(jié)尾的疾病名稱,arthritis,關(guān)節(jié)炎,diabetes,糖尿病,bronchitis,支氣管炎,單一政治實(shí)體,the United States,The United Nations,等,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),e.g. Arthritis _a disease causing pain and swelling,in the joints of the body,Physics_an important subject in middle schools,is,is,8,表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá),一個(gè)整體概念時(shí),e.g.Twenty years has passe

9、d since he left his,hometown,is,二）謂語動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)的情況,1,由,and /both,and,連接的并列主語,2,有,生命,的集體名詞,people,police,cattle,vermin,害,蟲,poultry,家禽,等作主語,The police _looking for the missing child,3,由山脈,The,Himalayas,群島、瀑布,The,Niagara,Falls,運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等,s,結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語,The,Olympic,Games,_,held,once,every,four,years,5. a number of/ a

10、 group of,名詞作主語,are,are,6,由兩個(gè)部分組成的名詞，以,s,結(jié)尾,scissors,glasses,trousers,謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)，但這,些名詞前若出現(xiàn),a pair of,謂語一般用單數(shù),e.g. One pair of scissors _ enough,7,這些以,s,結(jié)尾的名詞,goods, clothes, arms,武器,fireworks , stairs,樓梯,wages,做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),is,1,集體名詞,class, family, army, team, club, enemy,party, crowd, crew, audience,

11、 public , government,majority, group,等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)體成,員用復(fù)數(shù),His family _ a great one,His family _ music lovers,2. means, works, pains,等詞，根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定,The steel works _ near the station,三）謂語動(dòng)詞單、復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定,3,kind,sort,pair,type,amount,quantity,名詞,作主語，以這些名詞本身的,單復(fù)數(shù),而定,4. all, none, some, any,等不定代詞作主語，根據(jù),其指代

12、的內(nèi)容而定,All are present,All the food tastes good,5,half,most,enough,part,the,rest,the,last / lots / plenty,分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù),of,名詞,作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要和,of,之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持,一致,例,The rest of the bikes today,剩下的自行車今天特價(jià)出售,60% of the apple eaten by the little,boy,這個(gè)蘋果的,60,都被這個(gè)小男孩吃了,are on sale,was,考點(diǎn)一：主語中有,all, half, most, the rest,

13、等,以及,分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù),名詞”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù),數(shù)取決于連用的名詞,Here the bus,公共汽車來了,Here a pen and some pieces of paper,for,you,給你一支鋼筆和幾張紙,comes,is,1.He is the only one of the students who _,a winner of scholarship for three years,A. is B. are C. have been D. has been,D,2.Mary is one of those people who pets,瑪麗是飼養(yǎng)寵物者之一,raise,

14、強(qiáng)化練習(xí),3.A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese,literature and painting tomorrow afternoon,A.is B.are C.was D.were,解析,a poet and artist,指一個(gè)人，既是詩人，也是藝術(shù)家,答案,A,4.The father as well as his three children _ skating on the,frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter,A.is going B.go C.goes

15、 D.are going,解析,主語仍為,the father,單數(shù)形式,as well as his three,children,作句子的狀語，不影響謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù),答案,C,5._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees,and grass,A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,are,C.Two fifths,is D.Two fifths,are,解析,表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子大于一，分母,序數(shù)詞形式,加,s,主語,為,land,不可數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),答案,C,6.Every possible means _

16、to prevent the air pollution,but,the sky is still not clear,A.is used B.are used,C.has been used D.have been used,解析,every possible means,每一種可行的方式,means,單復(fù),數(shù),同形，此句中為單數(shù)；表示“每種辦法都用過了”，用現(xiàn)在完成,時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),答案,C,7.As a result of destroying the forests,a large _ of desert,_ covered the land,A.number,has B.quantit

17、y,has,C.number,have D.quantity,have,解析,a large number of,不修飾不可數(shù)名詞,a large,quantity of,不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù),答案,B,8.He is the only one of the students who _ the winner of,scholarship for three years,A.is B.are C.have been D.has been,解析,有,the only,修飾先行詞，其后的定語從句中謂語用單數(shù),答案,D,9.The population of China _ over 1.3 bi

18、llion and eighty,percent of its population _ peasants,A.is,are B.are,is C.is,is D.are,are,解析,population,表示“人口”。當(dāng)表示人口數(shù)為多少時(shí)謂語,動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如果有分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù),答案,A,10.Grey as well as his two companions _ leave _,Paris tomorrow,A.are to,for B.is to,for,C.is to,to D.are to,to,解析,句中主語是,Grey,單數(shù)，故謂語也用單數(shù),leave for,sp,動(dòng)身去某地,答案,B,11.Either your parents or your elder brother _ to attend,the meeting tomorrow afternoon,A.are B.have C.is D.had,解析,either.or,遵循就近一致的原則，因,your elder,brother,為單數(shù)，句中謂語也用單數(shù),答案,C,12.30% of the cattle _ thi