語法填空解題技巧

1、高考英語專題復(fù)習,語法填空訓(xùn)練及考點突破,1、閱讀、理解語篇的能力; 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力; 3、熟練運用語法,短語的能力,考查目標,全國高考語法填空題兩類“空”,純空格 （3個,給詞空 (7個,1.謂語（時態(tài)語態(tài)數(shù)） 2.非謂語（to do-doingdone) 3.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(名形副,冠、代、介、連、及一些副詞,考查方式,2014-2015年全國高考語法填空詞類分布,純空格,給詞空,1個助動詞,解題技巧1 ：句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但中間有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折或從屬連詞時，需填的詞則是謂語動詞。時態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后,例1. In 1969, the pollution was terrib

2、le. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up,was,例2. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms,caught,例3. People stepped on your feet or _ (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to bargain,pushed,例4. .The country life he

3、was used to _ （change ）greatly since the opening policy. 例5. Im afraid this is the best way we can think of _ (help) you,has changed,to help,例6. Nobody knows what _(happen) if she had refused to pay,would have happened,例7. He walked in as if he _(buy) the school,had bought,括號內(nèi)給出動詞的原形，做題時首先找出句子的主干，確定

4、主句，如果缺謂語，就要根據(jù)上下文語境和意思確定動詞的數(shù)、時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣,應(yīng)試策略,1、考查在語境中判斷動詞的時態(tài)。?？嫉臅r態(tài)為： 現(xiàn)在:一般現(xiàn)在、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進行、現(xiàn)在完成。 過去:一般過去、過去進行、過去將來、過去完成。 2、時間、條件、等狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài)(主將從現(xiàn)) (if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等); 3、時態(tài)標志； 4、時態(tài)一致性原則； 5、上下文語境,解題技巧2 ：若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語或從句時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定用 doing形式，done形式，還是 to do 形式。非謂語的形式一定要

5、考慮它與其邏輯主語之間 的關(guān)系,例1. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book,to memorize,例2. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary,Speaking,注意 ：作主語或賓語時，通常用doing / being done形式表示習慣或一般情況； 用to do / to be done形式表示具體情況或?qū)?；用having done / having been done表示已發(fā)生,s

6、,v,p,s,v,例3. _(complete) the project as planned, we will have to work two more hours a day,To complete,例5. Some people say that children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(success.,to succeed,注意 ：作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用to do形式,例4. The young student did all that he could _ (pass)the examin

7、ations,to pass,s,v,s,v,o,adverbial,adverbial,例6. He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.,saying,注意 ：分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件狀語等時，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定形式,s,v,o,例7. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film,learned,注意 ：1. 分詞做狀語時，主要看它與句子主語之間的關(guān)系確定形式。 2.分詞做后置定語時，主要看它與

8、被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式,starting,例8. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people,s,v,o,s,v,非謂語動詞，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和動詞不定式。 做題時確定所給出的詞與其所修飾的詞或其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,如果與中心詞是主動關(guān)系，,如果與中心詞是被動關(guān)系，,如果表示將來或目的,一般用V-ing形式,一般用V-ed形式,應(yīng)試策略,一般用動詞不定式,例11. He spit the water out, _(say) it was awful,saying,例12. Can

9、 you tell me the way you thought of _ (work )out the problem,to work,技巧2 ：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分,dangerous,例1. In a _(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to,例2. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society,seriously,harder,例4. The other frog went on jumping as har

10、d as he could. He jumped even _(hard) and finally made himself out,unnecessary,例3. Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessity) work in the office,useless,differently,appearance,personal,Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was _(use). But a recent study saw things quite _ (differe

11、nt). The order in which they finished would decide the order of their _ (appear) in the Chinese calendar. , so Im very careful not to give out my _(person) information,exercises,cheaper,worst,5.One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. 6.For a famil

12、y of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home,括號內(nèi)給出形容詞或副詞，要根據(jù)上下文語境確定用原級、比較級還是最高級形式,應(yīng)試策略,形容詞 修飾名詞/代詞 副詞 修飾動詞/形容詞/副詞/句子 It is/was +形容詞 （+for/of sb) +to do,括號內(nèi)給出單詞的其他形式，通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷句子缺少什么成分（修飾什么詞），再用正確的單詞形式補充完整，該空同時考查同學(xué)們的單詞拼寫能力,Read the following sentences

13、 and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules,純空格類考點講解,1.冠詞 2.代詞 3.介詞 4. 連詞或副詞 5. 引導(dǎo)詞,An only child will succeed for _ same reason. You can now make _ educated decision about what career to pursue. The author of the study suggested that encouraging more books reading

14、 might be _ useful way to prevent childhood accidents,the,an,a,冠詞,如果空格后是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填不定冠詞(a, an)，如果是特指，就要定冠詞the。 如果空格后是序數(shù)詞、最高級或提及上文提到過的人或物等時，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填定冠詞(the,應(yīng)試策略,Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear _ spoken. 2.The little boy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and stud

15、ied a number of coins in it. 3.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _,it,myself,his,代詞,首先找出代詞所指代的名詞，根據(jù)其在句中所充當?shù)某煞执_定用哪個代詞。 如果空格后是名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否用物主代詞(my, your, his等)、指示代詞(this, that等)、不定代詞(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, othe

16、r等)、名詞所有格或形容詞等進行修飾,應(yīng)試策略,Television is now playing a very important role _ our life. more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany _advanced study. It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda seventeen years ago,for,to,in,介詞,介詞可位于名詞之前。如at ni

17、ght, on Sunday等,也可位于形容詞之后，如be interested in, be good at等,還可位于不及物動詞之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for等,應(yīng)試策略,掌握一些常用介詞的用法、含義和固定搭配,If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _, often gets special treatment. As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped of

18、f and finished the race first. _ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the second year. I asked my classmates about her interest _ then I made my final decision,however,and,So/Thus,連詞或副詞,空格前后兩個句子都含有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時，則要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇適當?shù)母痹~或連詞,表示遞進,so, for, therefore, thus等,further, furthermore,

19、 moreover, in addition等,but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, 等,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,表示因果,表示并列,and , or等,應(yīng)試策略,that,who,that,引導(dǎo)詞,One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pick up all of his crop a few inches. Some people say that oldest children, _ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely t

20、o succeed. So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that,空格前后都是一個句子,做題時應(yīng)該從句子的意義去判斷是屬于什么類型的復(fù)合句（定語從句、名詞性從句或者狀語從句），再確定填什么引導(dǎo)詞,應(yīng)試策略,如何判斷從句類型,空格前是名詞 空格前是及物動詞 空格前是系動詞 空格在句首,定語從句,同位語語從句,主語從句,狀語從句,所填詞在后面句子中充當成分,不充當成分,所填詞在后面句子中充當主賓表,所填詞在后面句子中充當各類狀語,賓語從句,表語從句,判斷狀語從句類型時還可以根據(jù)前后句子之間的意思及邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是什么狀語從句,一步來把全文看

21、，把握主旨邏輯線； 二步開始做答案，容易做的先做完； 難題放在第三步，上下文里找答案； 四步復(fù)讀很關(guān)鍵，保證全文意貫通,解題四步口訣,真題再現(xiàn),2012年廣東英語高考語法填空題 Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear) sun glasses . He walked in as if he _17_(buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from Ne

22、w York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please ), because there were many empty seats in the room .But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row . _20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wro

23、ng. It might have made it a little _21_(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class . Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_made her feel like a star,wearing,had bought,pleased,the,Although,harder,whic

24、h,Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.”Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_

25、the boy would do .Then he took _25_ off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool,for,what,them,2011年廣東高考英語語法填空 One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left early because I had an appointment _16_(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 _ (sit