楊瀾ted演講稿全文

1、楊瀾ted演講稿全文楊瀾ted演講稿全文The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the final of “Chinas Got Talent” show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium. Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle. And I told her, “Im going to Scotland the next day.” She sang beauti

2、fully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese. Chinese So its not like “hello” or “thank you,” that ordinary stuff. It means “green onion for free.” Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle - a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shangha

3、i, who loves singing Western opera, but she didnt understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese. (Laughter) And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was “green onion for free.” So as Susan Boyle was

4、saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together. That was hilarious.來(lái)蘇格蘭(做TED講演)的前夜，我被邀請(qǐng)去xx做中國(guó)達(dá)人秀決賽的評(píng)委。在裝有八萬(wàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾的演播廳里，在臺(tái)上的表演嘉賓居然是(來(lái)自蘇格蘭的，因參加英國(guó)達(dá)人秀走紅的)蘇珊大媽(Susan Boyle)。我告訴她，我明天就要啟程去蘇格蘭。 她唱得很動(dòng)聽(tīng)，還對(duì)觀眾說(shuō)了幾句中文，她并沒(méi)有說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單的你好或者謝謝，她說(shuō)的是送你蔥。為什么?這句話其實(shí)來(lái)源于中國(guó)版的蘇珊大媽一位五十歲的以賣(mài)菜為生，卻對(duì)西方歌劇有出奇愛(ài)好的xx中年婦女(蔡洪平)。這位中國(guó)的蘇珊大媽并不懂英文，法語(yǔ)或

5、意大利文，所以她將歌劇中的詞匯都換做中文中的蔬菜名，并且演唱出來(lái)。在她口中，歌劇圖蘭朵的最后一句便是Song Ni Cong。當(dāng)真正的英國(guó)蘇珊大媽唱出這一句中文的圖蘭朵時(shí)，全場(chǎng)的八萬(wàn)觀眾也一起高聲歌唱，場(chǎng)面的確有些滑稽。So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness. They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage

6、 and talent brought them through. And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams. Well, being different is not that difficult. We are all different from different perspectives. But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view. You may have the

7、 chance to make a difference.我想Susan Boyle和這位xx的買(mǎi)菜農(nóng)婦的確屬于人群中的少數(shù)。她們是最不可能在演藝界成功的，而她們的勇氣和才華讓她們成功了，這個(gè)節(jié)目和舞臺(tái)給予了她們一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人夢(mèng)想的機(jī)會(huì)。這樣看來(lái)，與眾不同好像沒(méi)有那么難。從不同的方面審視，我們每個(gè)人都是不同的。但是我想，與眾不同是一件好事，因?yàn)槟愦砹瞬灰粯拥挠^點(diǎn)，你擁有了做改變的機(jī)會(huì)。My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of China t

8、hat has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years. I remember that in the year of xx, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton - its still there. So after being interrogated by this Japanese

9、manager for a half an hour, he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?” I summoned my courage and poise and said, “Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?” I didnt have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel. That was the first day

10、 I set my foot in a five-star hotel.我這一代中國(guó)人很幸運(yùn)的目睹并且參與了中國(guó)在過(guò)去二三十年中經(jīng)歷的巨變。我記得xx年，當(dāng)我剛大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)，我申請(qǐng)了當(dāng)時(shí)xx的第一家五星級(jí)酒店長(zhǎng)城喜來(lái)登酒店的銷售部門(mén)的工作。這家酒店現(xiàn)在仍在xx。當(dāng)我被一位日本籍經(jīng)理面試了一個(gè)半小時(shí)之后，他問(wèn)到，楊小姐，你有什么想問(wèn)我的嗎?，我屏住呼吸，問(wèn)道是的，你能告訴我，具體我需要銷售些什么嗎? 當(dāng)時(shí)的我，對(duì)五星級(jí)酒店的銷售部門(mén)沒(méi)有任何概念，事實(shí)上，那是我第一次進(jìn)到一家五星級(jí)酒店。Around the same time, I was going through an audition - t

11、he first ever open audition by national television in China - with another thousand college girls. The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face. So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, “Why do womens personalities on television always have to be beaut

12、iful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why cant they have their own ideas and their own voice?” I thought I kind of offended them. But actually, they were impressed by my words. And so I was in the second round of petition, and then the third and the fourth. After seven rounds of petition,

13、 I was the last one to survive it. So I was on a national television prime-time show. And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script. (Applause) And my weekly audience at that time was bet

14、ween 200 to 300 million people.我當(dāng)時(shí)也在參加另一場(chǎng)面試，中國(guó)國(guó)家電視臺(tái)的首次公開(kāi)試鏡，與我一起參與選拔的還有另外1000名大學(xué)女畢業(yè)生。節(jié)目制作人說(shuō)，他們希望找到一位甜美，無(wú)辜(LOL)，漂亮的新鮮面孔。輪到我的時(shí)候，我問(wèn)道為什么在電視屏幕上，女性總應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)出甜美漂亮，甚至是服從性的一面?為什么她們不能有她們自己的想法和聲音?我覺(jué)得我的問(wèn)題甚至有點(diǎn)冒犯到了他。但實(shí)際上，他們對(duì)我的表現(xiàn)印象深刻。我進(jìn)入了第二輪選拔，第三輪，第四輪，直至最后的第七場(chǎng)選拔，我是唯一一個(gè)走到最后的試鏡者。我從此走上了國(guó)家電視臺(tái)黃金時(shí)段的熒幕。你可能不相信，但在當(dāng)時(shí)，我所主持的電視節(jié)目是中

15、國(guó)第一個(gè)，不讓主持人念已經(jīng)審核過(guò)的稿件的節(jié)目(掌聲)。我每周需要面對(duì)兩億到三億左右的電視觀眾。Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S. and Columbia University to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media pany, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career. So we do a lot of things. Ive interviewe

16、d more than a thousand people in the past. And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, “Lan, you changed my life,” and I feel proud of that. But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country. I was in Beijings bidding for the Olympic Games. I was represen

17、ting the Shanghai Expo. I saw China embracing the world and vice versa. But then sometimes Im thinking, what are todays young generation up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?幾年以后，我決定來(lái)美國(guó)哥倫大學(xué)繼續(xù)深造，之后也開(kāi)始運(yùn)營(yíng)

18、自己的媒體公司，這也是我在職業(yè)生涯初始時(shí)所沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。我的公司做很多不同的業(yè)務(wù)，在過(guò)去這些年里，我訪談過(guò)一千多人。經(jīng)常有年輕人對(duì)我說(shuō)，楊瀾，你改變了我的人生，我對(duì)此感到非常自豪。我也幸運(yùn)的目睹了整個(gè)國(guó)家的轉(zhuǎn)變：我參與了xx申奧和xx世博會(huì)。我看到中國(guó)在擁抱這個(gè)世界，而世界也進(jìn)一步的接受中國(guó)。但有時(shí)我也在想，今天的年輕人的生活是什么樣的?他們(與我們相比)有什么不同?他們將帶給中國(guó)，甚至整個(gè)世界的未來(lái)一些怎樣的變化?So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media. First of

19、all, who are they? What do they look like? Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei - 20 years old, beautiful. She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of . And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of merce. She didnt

20、 realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, agaxxt the credibility of Red Cross. The controversy was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.我想通過(guò)社交媒體來(lái)談一談中國(guó)的年輕人們。首先，他們是誰(shuí)，他們是什么樣子

21、?這是一位叫郭美美的女孩兒，20歲，年輕漂亮。她在中國(guó)版的上新浪微博上，炫耀她所擁有的奢侈品，衣服，包和車。她甚至宣稱她是中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)的工作人員。她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到她的行為觸及了中國(guó)民眾極為敏感的神經(jīng)，這引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)全民大討論，民眾開(kāi)始質(zhì)疑紅十字會(huì)的公信力。中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)為了平息這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)議甚至舉辦了一場(chǎng)記者會(huì)來(lái)澄清，直至今日，對(duì)于郭美美事件的調(diào)查仍在繼續(xù)。So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title - probably because she feels proud to be associated with chari

22、ty. All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of merce. Its very plicated to explain. But anyway, the public still doesnt buy it. It is still boiling. It shows us a general mistrust of government or g

23、overnment-backed xxtitutions, which lacked transparency in the past. And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.時(shí)至今日，我們所知道的事實(shí)是，她謊報(bào)了她的頭銜，可能是因?yàn)樗奶摌s心，希望把自己和慈善機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。所有那些奢侈品都是她的男朋友給她買(mǎi)的，而那位男朋友 的確曾經(jīng)是紅十字會(huì)的工作人員。這解釋起來(lái)很復(fù)雜，總之，公眾對(duì)他們的解釋仍然不滿意，這仍然是在風(fēng)口浪尖的一件事。這件事體現(xiàn)出(中國(guó)社會(huì))對(duì)長(zhǎng)期不 透明的政府機(jī)關(guān)

24、的不信任，同時(shí)也表現(xiàn)出社交媒體(微博)巨大的社會(huì)影響力。Microblog boomed in the year of 2xx, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled. Sina, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers. On Tencent, 200 million. The most popular blogger - its not me - its a movie star, and she has more than 9.5

25、million followers, or fans. About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old. And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit. But because you dont have many ot

26、her openings, the heat ing out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.微博在2xx年得到了爆炸性的增長(zhǎng)，微博的訪問(wèn)用戶增長(zhǎng)了一倍，用戶的訪問(wèn)時(shí)間是xx年的三倍。新浪(Sina)，一個(gè)最主要的微博平臺(tái)，擁有 1.4億的微博用戶，而騰訊擁有兩億用戶。(在中國(guó))最有名的微博主不是我是一位電影明星，她擁有近九百五十萬(wàn)粉絲。接近80%的微博用戶是 年輕人，三十歲以下。因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)媒體還在政府的強(qiáng)力控制之下，社交媒體提供了一個(gè)開(kāi)放的平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了一些(民眾觀點(diǎn)的)分流。因?yàn)檫@樣分流的渠道并不

27、多，從這 個(gè)平臺(tái)上爆發(fā)出的能量往往非常強(qiáng)烈，有時(shí)候甚至過(guò)于強(qiáng)烈。So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better. So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy. And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now w

28、e have ended up with 30 million more young men than women. That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows; were in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries. Most of them have fairly good education. The illiteracy rate in China among this generation

29、is under one percent. In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college. But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old ing up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030. And you know we have the tradition that younger generations suppo

30、rt the elders financially, and taking care of them when theyre sick. So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.通過(guò)微博，我們可以更好的了解到中國(guó)的年輕一代。首先，他們中的大多數(shù)都出生在八零九零年代，在獨(dú)生子女的生育政策的大背景下長(zhǎng)大。因?yàn)槠媚泻⒌募彝?huì)選擇性的墮胎，現(xiàn)在(中國(guó))的年輕男性的數(shù)量多過(guò)年輕女性三千萬(wàn)，這可能帶來(lái)社會(huì)的不穩(wěn)定(危險(xiǎn))，但是我們知道，在這

31、個(gè)全球化的社會(huì)中，他們可能可以去其他國(guó)家找女朋友。大多數(shù)人都擁有良好的教育。這一代中國(guó)人中的文盲率已經(jīng)低于1%。在城市中，80%的孩子可以上大學(xué)，但他們將要面對(duì)的是一個(gè)，有接近7%的人口都是老年人的社會(huì)，這個(gè)數(shù)字會(huì)在2030年會(huì)增長(zhǎng)到2030年。在這個(gè)國(guó)家，傳統(tǒng)是讓年輕人來(lái)從經(jīng)濟(jì)上和醫(yī)療上來(lái)支持老年人，這意味著，一對(duì)年輕的夫妻將需要支持四個(gè)平均年齡是73歲的老人。So making a living is not that easy for young people. College graduates are not in short supply. In urban areas, coll

32、ege graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S. dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500. So what do they do? They have to share space - squeezed in very limited space to save money - and they call themselves “tribe of ants.” And for those who are ready to get married and buy t

33、heir apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment. That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China its 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.所以對(duì)于年輕人而言，生活并不是容易。本科畢業(yè)生也不在是緊缺資源。在城市中，本科生的月起薪通常是400美元(2500人

34、民幣)，而公寓的平均月租金卻是500美元。所以他們的解決方式是合租擠在有限的空間中以節(jié)省開(kāi)支，他們叫自己蟻?zhàn)濉?對(duì)于那些準(zhǔn)備好結(jié)婚并希望購(gòu)買(mǎi)一套公寓的中國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們必須要不間斷的工作30到40年才可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起一套公寓。對(duì)于同樣的美國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們只需要五年時(shí)間。Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people. They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas

35、. Most of them dont want to go back to the countryside, but they dont have the sense of belonging. They work for longer hours with less ine, less social welfare. And theyre more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of d

36、emand from Europe or America for the products they produce. Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing pound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s mitted suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease. But they died because of all diff

37、erent personal reasons. But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.在近兩億的涌入城市的農(nóng)民工中，他們中的60%都是年輕人。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被夾在了城市和農(nóng)村中，大多數(shù)人不愿意回到農(nóng)村，但他們?cè)诔鞘幸舱也坏綒w屬感。他們工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間卻獲得更少的薪水和社會(huì)福利。他們也更容易面臨失業(yè)，受到通貨膨脹，銀行利率，人民幣升值的影響，甚至美國(guó)和歐盟對(duì)于中國(guó)制造產(chǎn)品的抵制也

38、會(huì)影響到他們。去年，在中國(guó)南方的一個(gè)制造工廠里，有十三位年輕的工人選擇了結(jié)束自己的生命，一個(gè)接一個(gè)，像一場(chǎng)傳染病。他們輕生的原因各有不同，但整個(gè)事件提醒了中國(guó)社會(huì)和政府，需要更多的關(guān)注這些在精神上和生理上都與外界脫節(jié)的年輕農(nóng)民工人。For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very wele locally, because with the knowledge, skills and works they have learned in the cities, with the assistan

39、ce of the Inter, theyre able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market. So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.對(duì)于那些回到農(nóng)村的年輕人，他們所經(jīng)歷的城市生活，所學(xué)到的知識(shí)，技巧和建立的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，讓他們通常更受歡迎。特別是在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下，他們更有可能獲得工作，提升農(nóng)村

40、的農(nóng)業(yè)水平和發(fā)展新的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。在過(guò)去的一些年中，一些沿海的城鎮(zhèn)甚至出現(xiàn)了勞動(dòng)力短缺。These diagrams show a more general social background. The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explaxx that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family ine, to about 37-some percent. But then

41、 in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost. The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4. Now its 0.5 - even worse than that in America - showing us the ine inequality. And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing

42、 some of its mobility. And also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread. So any accusations of corruption or backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.這些圖片展現(xiàn)出整體的社會(huì)背景。第一張圖片是恩格斯系數(shù)(食品支出占總消費(fèi)支出的比例)，可以看到在

43、過(guò)去的十年中，食物和生活必需品在家庭消費(fèi)中的比例有所下降(37%)，然后在過(guò)去的兩年中，這項(xiàng)指數(shù)上升到39%，說(shuō)明近兩年中生活成本的攀升。基尼系數(shù)早已越過(guò)了危險(xiǎn)的0.4，到達(dá)0.5這甚至高過(guò)了美國(guó)體現(xiàn)出極大的貧富差距，所以我們才看到整個(gè)社會(huì)的失衡。同時(shí)，仇富心態(tài)也開(kāi)始在整個(gè)社會(huì)蔓延，任何與腐敗和走后門(mén)相關(guān)的政府或商業(yè)丑聞都會(huì)引發(fā)xx和不穩(wěn)定。So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about. Social justice and governm

44、ent accountability runs the first in what they demand. For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property. And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation. Sometimes people get k

45、illed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest. So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Inter, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.通過(guò)微博上很火的話題，我們可以看到年輕人的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。社會(huì)公正和政府的公信力是他們首要需求的。在過(guò)去的十年中，急速的城市化讓民眾讀到太多強(qiáng)制私人住戶拆遷的新聞，這引發(fā)了年輕一代的憤怒和不理解。有時(shí)候，被拆遷的

46、住戶以自殺和自焚的方式來(lái)抗議(強(qiáng)制拆遷行為)。當(dāng)這些事件越來(lái)越常在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被揭露出來(lái)，人們期待政府可以采取一些更積極的制止行動(dòng)。So the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court. Similarly, many other issues

47、concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Inter. We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food. And guess what, we have faked beef. They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef. And then lately, people are very conce

48、rned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found refining cooking oil from restaurant slop. So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Inter. And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.好消息是，今年早些時(shí)

49、候，人民代表大會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于房屋征用和拆遷的新法規(guī)，將征用和拆遷的權(quán)利從當(dāng)?shù)卣平坏搅朔ㄍ?。相同的，很多其他與公共安全相關(guān)的問(wèn)題也在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被熱烈討論。我們聽(tīng)到有太多空氣污染，水污染，有毒食品的報(bào)道。你甚至都想不到，我們還有假牛肉。人們用一種特殊的材料加入雞肉和魚(yú)肉中，然后以牛肉的價(jià)格進(jìn)行出售。最近，人們對(duì)食用油也很擔(dān)憂，大量的餐館被發(fā)現(xiàn)在使用地溝油。所有這些事件引發(fā)了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上民眾觀點(diǎn)的大爆發(fā)。幸運(yùn)的是，我們看到了政府正在更積極和更及時(shí)的對(duì)這些民眾的質(zhì)疑給予回應(yīng)。While young people seem to be very sure about their participatio

50、n in public policy-making, but sometimes theyre a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life. China is soon to pass the U.S. as the number one market for luxury brands - thats not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere. But you know what, half of those con

51、sumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S. dollars. Theyre not rich at all. Theyre taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status. And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle. But of course, we do have

52、young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or on a bicycle.一方面，年輕人越來(lái)越積極的參與到公共事務(wù)中;另一方面，他們也在尋找或者說(shuō)迷失與個(gè)人生活的價(jià)值和定位。中國(guó)很快就要超過(guò)美國(guó)，成為世界上第一大奢侈品消費(fèi)國(guó)這還不包括中國(guó)人在國(guó)外的消費(fèi)。但你知道嗎，超過(guò)半數(shù)中國(guó)的奢侈品消費(fèi)者的(年)收入都低于兩千美元。他們其實(shí)并不富裕，他們用那些奢侈品牌的服裝和包體現(xiàn)身份和社會(huì)地位。這是一位在電視節(jié)目上公然表明，自己寧愿在寶馬車?yán)锟抟膊蛔谧孕熊嚭笮Φ哪贻p女孩。當(dāng)然，我們也有更多的年輕人，喜歡微笑，不管是在寶馬

53、還是在自行車上。So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called “naked” wedding, or “naked” marriage. It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their mitment to true love. And also, people are doing good through social media. And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500