初中八種英語時態(tài)精講精練(含答案)

1、初中八種英語時態(tài)精講精練一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時一、用法1表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作、行為或存在的狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語有：often, usually, always, every day/week/month/year, sometimes, seldom，once a week, twice a week, on sundays等。 i go to school every day. 2表示主語的身份或特征。his father is a doctor. tom is tall. 3表示一種客觀事實或普遍真理。the earth is round. the sun is bigger than the

2、moon. 4在條件狀態(tài)從句和時間狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。if you dont go soon, youll be late. 如果你不快去的話，你就要遲到了。二、構(gòu)成動詞一般現(xiàn)在時，除主語為單數(shù)第三人稱以外，謂語動詞一律用原形，若主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則謂語動詞的詞尾應(yīng)發(fā)生變化（加-s或-es）。1在動詞原形后加-s run runs2以ch, sh, s, o, x結(jié)尾的動詞后加-es guesses, fixes, teaches, washes, goes3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-es try tries4以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞后加-s stay st

3、ays 5. have-has三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句型變化。1. 肯定句（1）主語+ am / is / are +表語they are new students. i am tall. he is from japan. am is are 用法口訣：i用am，you 用are，is 連著他、她、它；單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)一律都用are。（2）a. 主語+實義動詞+其它 i read english every morning. b. 單三人稱主語+實義動詞單三人稱+其它he usually goes to school by bike.2. 否定句（1）主語 +am / is / are + n

4、ot +表語 she is not a nurse. （2）a. 主語 +dont +動詞原形 +其它如：i dont play soccer after school.b.單三人稱主語+doesnt +動詞原形+其它 he doesnt go to the park after school. 3. 一般疑問句（1）am / is / are +主語 +表語？ is your mother a teacher? （2）a. do + 主語 +動詞原形 +其它 ？ do you speak english? b. does +單三人稱主語+動詞原形+其它？does your brother h

5、ave a wide mouth?4. 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞 +一般疑問句？what time does your mother get up every day?專項練習(xí)題一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1. study _ 2. play _3. watch _ 4. wash _5. have _6. ride _7. take _8. worry_9. help _10. say _11.put _12. teach _13. fly _14. eat _15. go _ 16. guess _17. read _ 18. do _19. call _20. cry _1-5 st

6、udies, plays, watches, washes, has 6-10. rides, takes, worries, helps, says 11-15 puts, teaches, flies, eats, goes 16-20 guesses, reads, does, calls, cries二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. he often _(have) dinner at home. 2. daniel and tommy _(be) in class one.3. we _(not watch) tv on monday. 4. nick _(not go) to th

7、e zoo on sunday.5. _ they _(like) the world cup? 6. what _they often _(do) on saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. the girl _(teach) us english on sundays.9. she and i _(take) a walk together every evening.10. the moon _ (travel) round the earth.11. it usually _ (take) me more

8、 than two hours to finish my homework.12. i will tell him the good news as soon as he _ (come) back.13. miss gao is very busy. she _ (sleep) six hours a day.14. look! susan _ (dance) in the garden. she often _ (dance) there.15. the children will go to the summer palace if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.16

9、. i _ any pears (not have). but mary _ some (have).17. what language _ you _? (speak) 18. my brother _ to be a scientist. (not like) 19. we _ japanese at school. (not study) 20. he _ playing football. (not like) 1. has 2. are 3. dont have 4. doesnt go 5. do like 6. do, do 7. do, read 8. teaches 9. t

10、ake 10. travels 11. takes 12. comes 13. sleeps 14. is dancing, dances 15. doesnt rain 16. dont have, has 17. do, speak 18. doesnt like 19. dont study 20. doesnt like三、按照要求改寫句子1. daniel watches tv every evening.(改為否定句)_2. i do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯、否定回答)_3. amy likes playing computer gam

11、es.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯、否定回答)_4. we go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_5. sun yang usually washes some clothes on saturday.否定句: _ 一般疑問句: _ 劃線提問: _6. tom does his homework at home.否定句: _ 一般疑問句: _ 劃線提問_ 1. daniel doesnt watch tv every evening. 2. do you do your homework every day? yes, i do. no, i dont. 3. do

12、es amy like playing computer games? yes, she does. no, she doesnt. 4. we dont go to school every morning. 5. sun yang doesnt usually wash any clothes on saturday. does sun yang usually wash any clothes on saturday? what does sun yang usually do on saturday? 6. tom doesnt do his homework at home. doe

13、s tom do his homework at home? where does tom do his homework?四、選用所給的詞語適當(dāng)形式填空give, rain, enjoy, sing, return, borrow, keep1. it often _ in my hometown in summer. 2. sometimes the birds _ in the tree.3. joe usually _ books from the school library, but she never _ them on time.4. may i _ the dictionar

14、y for a week?5. the little boy _ himself in the garden on saturdays.6. mary is a good girl. she often _ me a hand when i need some help.1. rains 2. sing 3. borrows, returns 4. keep 5. enjoys 6. gives 一般過去時的用法 一、定義：表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。經(jīng)常與yesterday, the day before yesterday（前天）l

15、ast week（month ,year）,two months ago, in 1990, in those days , long long ago=once upon a time just now(剛才) at the age of 5等表示過去的時間狀語連用。如： i was born in 1990. when did you go to the park? i went to the park last week. 二、構(gòu)成：1.be 動詞(在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞) am is was; arewere.肯定句：主語+was (were) +賓語 如：i was la

16、te yesterday.否定句：主語+was (were) +not+賓語 如：we werent late yesterday.疑問句：was (were) +主語+賓語 如： were you ill yesterday? yes, i was. no, i wasnt.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+賓語如：when were you born? 2實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)肯定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用didnt , did. 肯定句為：主語+動詞過去式+賓語 如： i went home at nine oclock yesterday.否定句：主

17、語+didnt +動詞原形+賓語 如：i didnt go home yesterday.疑問句did +主語+動詞原形+賓語did you go home yesterday? yes, i did. no, i didnt.3動詞的過去式構(gòu)成。規(guī)則動詞。1）一般情況下在詞尾直接加ed。如：playplayed workworked2）以e結(jié)尾的動詞只加d. 如：like- liked loveloved 3）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i，再加ed. 如：studystudied carrycarried4）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，如果末尾只有一個輔音字母，要雙寫最后這個輔音字母，再加

18、ed. 如：stopstopped 不規(guī)則動詞(見不規(guī)則動詞表)。如: am, is -was鞏固練習(xí)題一、寫出下列動詞的過去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ walk_ eat_ draw_put _ hear _ write_ want_ do _was, flew, planted, were, drank; played, went, made, did, danced; worried, asked, walked, ate, drew; put, heard, wrote

19、, wanted, did二、請用正確動詞形式填空。 1. i _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? no, she _. 3. what _ tom _ (do) on saturday evening? he _(watch) tv and _(read) an interesting book. 4. they all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. she _(not visit) her aunt

20、last weekend. she _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6. when _ you _(write) this song? i _(write) it last year. 7. my friend, carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) english last night. 8. _ mr. li _(do) the project on monday morning? yes, he _. 9. how _(be) jims weekend? it _(be no

21、t) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? no. she _.11. tom and mary _ (come) to china last month. 12. mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. so he _ (get) up late. 13. mary _ (read) english yesterday morning. 14. there _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 15. last week we _

22、 (pick) many apples on the farm. 16. my mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 17. she watches tv every evening. but she _ (not watch) tv last night. 18_ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year? 19what time _ you _ (get) to beijing yesterday? we _ (get) to beijing at 9:00 in the evening. 20

23、. what _ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 21. there _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940. 22. when _ you _ (come) to china? last year. 23. did she _ (have) supper at home? 24. jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 25. it _(be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside. 1. had 2. did

24、, practice, didnt 3. did, do; watched, read 4. went 5. didnt visit, stayed, did 6. did, write, wrote 7. studied, practiced 8.did, do; did. 9. was, wasnt 10. was, wasnt 11.came 12. didnt go, got 13. read 14. was 15. picked 16. didnt do 17. didnt watch 18. did, go 19. did, get, got 20. made 21. werent

25、 22. did, come; 23. have 24. didnt clean 25. was, were現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一、定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作。或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。也表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作（僅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等動詞）。如：he is coming tonight.時間狀語：now, at the moment. its four oclock . nowadays, look,. listen, . 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+動詞ing im doing my homework. he

26、is writing.否定形式：am/is/are+not+動詞ing. im not doing my homework. he is not writing.一般疑問句：把a(bǔ)m/is/are放于句首。are you doing your homework? yes,i am. no,im not.特殊疑問：疑問詞+ am/is/are +主語+動詞ing? 如：what are you doing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+ am/is/are +動詞ing? who is singing over there? 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-

27、cooking（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting（3）如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing， run-running, stop-stopping ，sit-sitting，run-running， forget-forgetting，begin-beginning（4）以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，改ie為y加ing ，如：die-dying lielying專項練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_dance_put_see_buy

28、_love_live_take_come_get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_playing, running, swimming, making, going, liking, writing, skiing, reading, dancing, putting, seeing, buying, loving, living, taking, coming, getting, stopping, sitting, beginning, shopping二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.the boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. listen .s

29、omeone _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. my mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. what _ you _ ( do ) now?5. look . they _( have) an english lesson . 6.they _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.what is our granddaughter doing? she _(listen ) to music.9. its 5 oc

30、lock now. we _(have)supper now10._helen_(wash )clothes? yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. they are doing housework .一般疑問句：_ 否定句： _2im playing the football in the playground .(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)3tom is reading books in his study . (對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)1, is drawing 2. is singing 3. is cooking 4. are, doing 5. are having 6. arent

31、 watering 7. are dancing 8. is listening 9. are having 10. is, washing are they doing housework? they arent doing housework.what are you doing in the playground? where are you playing the football?who is reading books in his study? what is tom reading in his study?過去進(jìn)行時一、定義：表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。時間狀

32、語：this/that time yesterday, at that moment at eight oclock last night, from8 to 10 yesterday morning, when, while 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +動詞ing i was doing my homework this/that time yesterday.he was watching tv at eight oclock last night.she was playing the violin when i saw her.while i was re

33、ading, my mother was cooking否定形式：was/were +not+動詞ing.i wasnt doing my homework this/that time yesterday.一般疑問句：把was/were放于句首。was he watching tv at eight oclock last night?yes, he was. no, he wasnt.特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+was/were + 主語 + 動詞ing? what were you doing this time yesterday? 過去進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：a用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1

34、.jim _ (write) a letter at that moment.2.when the telephone _(ring), she _ (do) her housework.3.when i _(leave) the party, the people _ (enjoy) themselves.4.when my brother _(come) into the room, i _(telephone) mary.5.while the children _(play) outside, their mother _(cook) their dinner.6. he _(watc

35、h)tv at nine last night. he _(watch)tv last night.7. what _the twins _(do) then?8. _lily _(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? -no, she _9. _you _(have) supper at that time?10. jack _(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.11. what _ he _ (do) at nine oclock last night?b.把下列句子變成否定句，一般疑問句，劃線部分

36、提問。1. they were playing football when i saw them2.he was doing his homework at eight oclock last night.c.動詞填空：last sunday, all my family_ at home. my father_ his car outside our house. my mother _the housework. she _(try)to clean the whole house at the weekend. my grandmother_ tv in the sofa. i _com

37、puter games in the morning. i_( receive) a phone call and _shopping with my friends. in the evening, our family _dinner together.a. 1. was writing 2. rang, was doing 3. left, were enjoying 4. came, was telephoning 5. were playing, was cooking 6. was watching; watched 7. were, doing 8. was drawing, w

38、asnt 9. were having 10. wasnt reading 11. was doingb. they werent playing football when i saw them. were they playing football when i saw them? who were playing football when i saw them? what were they playing when i saw them? he wasnt doing his homework at eight oclock last night. was he doing his

39、homework at eight oclock last night? what was he doing at eight oclock last night? when was he doing his homework?c. were; was washing; was doing; was trying; was watching; was playing; received; went; were eating一般將來時一、定義：表示將來某一時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。時間狀語 (1) tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morn

40、ing (2) next time, next friday, next term, next month(3) in +一段時間；in +一段時間 s + time(4) soon = right away = at once (5) by the end of + 將來時間(6)later (on) ; in the future二、基本結(jié)構(gòu) am/is/are going to + 動詞原形（打算）he is going to see his brother.will + 動詞原形（將，會）（第一人稱i/we 可專用 shall+do.) i will study tomorrow.i

41、shall meet them in two days. -shall we go shopping after school? -good idea.肯定句 主語 + be (am, are, is) going to/ will + 動詞原形. im going to study tomorrow. i will study tomorrow.否定句只須在will或be（am，is，are）后加not；如the manager wont agree with him. the president isnt going to visit the small town. 疑問句 把will或b

42、e提到主語前即可。 will he agree with him? yes, he will. / no, he wont. is he going to visit the small town? yes, he is. / no, he isnt.一. 用括號中動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. she _ (not have) a concert (演唱會) next year.2.rose is ill. oh, i am sorry to hear that. i _ (go) to see her this evening.3. he _ (travel) all over the worl

43、d.4. when _ mike _(arrive ) here tomorrow?5._ you _ (be) a teacher when you grow up?6.where _ we _ (have )the meeting tomorrow?7. they _(work) on the farm if it doesnt rain next sunday.8. dont worry. they _ (finish) the work soon.9.she will write to you as soon as she _ (get) there.10. “when _ you _

44、 (do) your homework? ” “the day after tomorrow”二. 變換句型。1. he is going to see his brother tomorrow.( 疑問句,否定句)2. sally will come back in three hours. （否定句,疑問句,劃線部分提問）3. im going to get there by plane.（否定句,劃線部分提問）4. they will give us thirty books.（劃線部分提問）5. my mothers going to make a birthday cake for

45、my father. （劃線部分提問）1. wont have 2. will go/ am going to go 3. will travel 4. will, arrive 5. are, going to be 6. will, have 7. will work 8. will finish 9. gets 10. will, do1. is he going to see his brother tomorrow? he isnt going to see his brother tomorrow.2. sally wont come back in three hours. wi

46、ll sally come back in three hours? how soon will sally come back?3. im not going to get there by plane. how are you going to get there?4. whom will they give thirty books? what will they give us?5. whats your mother going to do for your father?過去將來時態(tài)一、定義：它表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的某個動作或存在的某種狀態(tài)。時間狀語（1）the next

47、 time/ friday/ term/ month （2）the following month (week)（3）主句為過去時，賓語從句中原來的一般將來時要轉(zhuǎn)換成過去將來時態(tài)。二、構(gòu)成a ) would + 動詞原形 如：he asked me if i would go there tomorrow. b ) was / were going to + 動詞原形如：no one knew when he was going to finish his homework.c) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬時動詞，用在過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)中表示過去將來。如：she

48、told us that she was leaving for yunnan. 她告訴我們她將要去云南。專項練習(xí)：一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. miss zhang said she _(visit) the great wall next summer.2. she told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 3. i wasnt sure whether lucy_(come) the next year. 4.lucy said she wouldl write to me as soon as she _ (get) there.5.

49、she _ (not have) a concert the next night.二、單選( )1. what did your son say in the letter? he told me that he _ the disney world the next day. a. will visit b. has visited c. is going to visit d. would visit( )2. i hoped tina _ to my birthday party on time the next wednesday. a. to come b. is coming c

50、. will come d. was coming( )3. father said that he _ me to beijing the next year. a. took b. would take c. takes d. will take( )4. we were not sure whether they _ more vegetables. a. are going to grow b. were going to grow c. will grow d. have grown（ ）5. - where will we meet?- sorry?- i asked _ meet

51、.a. where we would b. when we would c. where will we d where would we （ ）6. ken was so busy when we saw him, because he _ a speech the next day.a. will make b. would make c. has made d. was making（ ）7. if i had enough money, i _ a big house for my father.a. will buy b. would buy c. have bought d. am

52、 buying（ ）8. tina _ leave when i met her.a. was going to b. would c. was about to d. a, b and c（ ）9. - when will she come back?- pardon?- i asked when _.a. when will she come back b. when she will come backc. when would she come back d. when she would come back一、would visit; wouldnt stay; would come; got; wouldnt have二、ddbba bbdd現(xiàn)在完成時一、用法：a過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,never,ever,just,before等連用。b表示從過去開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常與for, si