XX年中考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)材料語法專題-形容詞

1、XX年中考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)材料語法專題-形容詞本資料為woRD文檔，請點(diǎn)擊下載地址下載全文下載地址中考專題六：形容詞副詞知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！I.形容詞一、形容詞的一般用法.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。Itsacoldandwindyday.2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面。Helookshappytoday.3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后。wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink？4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放可在名詞之后作后置定語。Howlongisther

2、iver？Itsabouttwohundredmetreslong.5.多作表語的形容詞：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；Themanisill.那個人生病了.Theillmanismyuncle.那個壞人是我叔叔.6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的最適當(dāng)?shù)?最好的唯一的；wooden僵硬的，不自然的；沒有精神的：木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的myelderbrotherisinBeijing.（正）Thisisawoodenbed.這是張木床。mybrotheriselder.（誤）Hisperfo

3、rmanceshavebecomewoodenanddull.他的演出變得呆板乏味。7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely8.多個形容詞做定語時排列的先后順序是：1）冠詞或人稱代詞2）數(shù)詞3）性質(zhì)4）大小5）形狀6）表示老少，新舊7）顏色8）事務(wù)、質(zhì)地、人的國籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爺爺還住在這個矮小的房子里。Thewomanboughttwobeautifulchineseplates.那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。9.形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一

4、類人，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。這類詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年輕人應(yīng)該好好照顧老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在這個國家，富人從來不幫助窮人。二、形容詞常用句型.“Its+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。=Sb+be+adj+todosth注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，用來描述不定式邏輯主語的本質(zhì)特征.如good，kind

5、，nice，polite，clever，foolish，lazy，careful，careless，right（正確的），wrong等。Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.（=youareverykindtohelpme.）2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。=Todosthisadjforsb.注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等,用來強(qiáng)調(diào)對不定式邏輯主語

6、的影響。Itsnoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.（=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.）3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式作狀語。Imverysadtohearthebadnews.4.表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready（樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式作賓語。LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuretogettoschoolontime.副詞一

7、、副詞的分類副詞按詞匯意義可分為：方式副詞：fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quiteverywell地點(diǎn)副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor疑問副詞：where，how，why其他：also，too，only二、副詞的基本用法

8、：).副詞是用來修飾形容詞、其他副詞,一般放在被修飾詞之前.Heplaysthepianoverywell.2).副詞是用來修飾動詞,常放在動詞之后.Hegotupquickly3).enough修飾adj/adv時,放在其后.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.三、常見副詞，形容詞用法辨析.already與yet的區(qū)別already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”Hehad_leftwhenIcalled.Haveyoufoundyourruler_？2very，much和verymuch.的區(qū)別very用于修飾形容

9、詞或副詞的原級；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級；修飾動詞要用verymuch.johnis_honest.Thisgardenis_biggerthanthatone.Thankyou_.3.so與such的區(qū)別so修飾形容詞或副詞；such修飾名詞，mybrotherrunssofastthatIcantfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.soadj/advsuchan/a+nso+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)solittle/few/much/many+nsuch+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞Heis_cleveraboy.=H

10、eis_acleverboy.Itis_coldweather.Theyare_goodstudents.名詞前有many,much,few,little用so不用such.但little表示“小的”用such如：suchalittlepuppy.Thereare_littlesheeponthehill.4.also，too，aswell與either的區(qū)別also，aswell，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞之后，行為動詞之前；aswell，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，myfatherisateacher.mymotheris_a

11、teacher.=myfatherisateacher.mymotherisateacher_.=myfatherisateacher.mymotherisateacher，_.IcantspeakFrenchjennycantspeakFrench，_.5.sometime，sometimes，sometime與sometimes的區(qū)別Sometimeadj：表示將來的或過去的某一個不確定的時間。（atanuncertaintimeinthepastorinthefuture）Sometimesadv：有時，不時的=attimes，fromtimetotime，occasionallysom

12、etime：一段時間sometimes：幾次，幾倍wellhaveatest_nextmonth._wearebusyandsometimeswearenot.HestayedinBeijingfor_lastyear.IhavebeentoBeijing_.6.ago與before的區(qū)別ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常與一般過去時連用，不可以單獨(dú)使用。before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時連用，可以單獨(dú)使用。在現(xiàn)在完成時里表在此之前。Isawhimtenminutes_.Hetoldmethathehadseenthefilm_.7.now，just與just

13、now的區(qū)別now：與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”just：與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，表示“剛”justnow：和過去時連用，表示“剛才”wheredoeshelive_？wehave_seenthefilm.Hewashere_.8.lonely/alone的區(qū)別).alone獨(dú)自一人/沒有同伴,既可作adj也可作adv.2).lonely表示孤獨(dú),寂寞,也可修飾地點(diǎn),表示荒涼,偏僻的，常與feel連用。3).alone只作表語而lonely既可作表語,也可作定語)Helives_ona_island.Heis_,buthedoesntfeel_.9.fast/quickly

14、/soon的區(qū)別.fast表示速度之快quickly表示動作之快soon表示時間之快Imleavinghomethisafternoon.Really?whyso_?A.fastB.soonc.quicklyD.early、形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級一、規(guī)則變化.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，nice-nicer-nicest3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，

15、雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，big-bigger-biggest注:大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat）5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級，beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注:表示否定意義在其前加less/leastimportant-lessimportant-leastimportantEnglishismoreinterestingthanchinese=chineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.6

16、.由“形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/mostslowly-moreslowly-mostslowly；但earlyearlier-earliest二、不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold/elderold/eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther/further（程度）farthest/furthest下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most原級比較級最高級likemorelikemostlikerealmorerealmostrealti

17、redmoretiredmosttiredpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedoftenmoreoftenmostoften注:形容詞,副詞同形有:back,high,well,fast,early,late,straight，hard，easy，high，有些形容詞，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受本身含義的限制，沒有比較級。形容詞，副詞等級的用法一、原級的用法.修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，tooHeistootiredtowalkon.mybrotherrunssofastthatIcantfollowhim.2.原級常用的

18、句型結(jié)構(gòu)（1）A=B-A+as+adj/adv的原級+as+B表示“A和B一樣”Tomisasoldaskate.Tomrunsasfastasmike.（2）AB-A+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+B表示“A不如B”Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Hedoesntwalkasslowlyasyou.二、比較級的用法.可以修飾比較級的詞.much，alot，far，的多alittle，abit，一點(diǎn)兒even甚至，still仍然many（more+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)），LessononeismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlookseven

19、youngerthanbefore.2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)“甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”Tomistallerthankate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.三.最高級的用法).結(jié)構(gòu):the+最高級+of+人或物HeisthetallestofalltheboysHeworkshardestinhisclass.注:副詞的最高級前the可省掉2).the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級+單數(shù)名詞TheyellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinchina.3).oneof+the+形容詞的最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名

20、詞Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.4).“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。whichseasondoyoulike（the）best，spring，summerorautumn？四.級別的轉(zhuǎn)換).原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換a).倍數(shù)+asas+比較級+thanThisroomisfivetimesasbigasthatone=Thisroomis_biggerthanthatone.b).notasas與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換A+notasas+BA+比較級+than+BB+比較級+than+Amaryisnotasolda

21、sTom.=maryis_Tom.=Tomis_mary.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone=Thisbookis_thanthatone=Thatbookis_thanthisone.2).比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換a).the+最高級+of/inb).同一范疇比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞+theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+anyoneelse+anyoftheother+復(fù)名c）不同范疇比較級+than+any+單數(shù)名詞+anyof+the復(fù)數(shù)名詞+anyoned）Nobodyelse+比較級+thanTomisthetallestboyinourcla

22、ss.Tomistallerthan_boyinourclass.Tomistallerthan_inourclass._istallerthanTominourclass.五.比級別的慣用法.“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越”。Heisgettingtallerandtaller.2.“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越，越”。Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyoullmake.3.“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+”表示“甲是兩者中較的”。Lookatthetwoboys.mybrotheristhetalleroft

23、hetwo.4.當(dāng)adj的最高級前有物主代詞,名詞所有格,指示代詞時,不用the.Thisismybestbookofall.5.相比較的前后兩部分必須是同類比較.mypencilislongerthan_.6.比較時不能與自身相比注:當(dāng)相比較的兩者屬于同一范圍/類別時,為了與自身相比較,要用anyother+單數(shù)名詞.若兩者不屬于同一范圍/類別時,不必用other,直接用any+單數(shù)名詞.Heistallerthan_boyinhisclass.Heistallerthan_boyinourclass.A.anyB.anyother7.有些含有比較級的句子里，常用that、those代替前面

24、提到的詞，以避免重復(fù)。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan_inGuangzhouinwinter.Theboysinourclassaremorethan_inyourclass.例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1.Heis_friendsthanI.A.muchmoreB.manymorec.verymoreD.toomore2.whichisthe_country,japanorAustralia?A.moredevelopedB.moredevelopingc.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping3.Therewere_shopsinth

25、ecityin1982thanin1990.A.littleB.fewc.fewerD.less4.Ifyouarenotfreetoday,comeanotherday_.A.tooB.soc.insteadD.yet5Hecanttellus_,Ithink.A.importantanythingB.anythingimportantc.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant.6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond_riverinourcountry.A.longB.longerc.longestD.thelongest7.Theligh

26、tintheofficewasnt_forhimtoread.A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughc.brightlyD.enoughbrightly8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner._,thegirlwasnt_hurt.A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardlyc.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly9.youmustkeepyoureyes_whenyoudoeyeexercises.A.closeB.openc.closedD.,opened10.Fivedayshaspassed,butIhaven

27、tfinishedhalfofthework._,A.alreadyB.stillc.tooD.yet練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！選擇最佳答案填空：I.1.Dontworry,sir.ImsureIcanrun_tocatchupwiththem.A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyc.fastenoughD.enoughfast2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittlec.fewD.little3.Itssuchan_filmthatallthestudentsare_init.A.

28、interesting;interestedB.interested;eresting;interestingD.interested;interested;interested4.mingminggotupvery_,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour_.A.late;latelyB.lately;latec.lately;latelyD.late;late5.Iam_worriedaboutyparentshealthyconditions.A.sometimesB.sometimec.sometimesD.sometimes6.wedon

29、thave_everyday.A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkc.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork7.Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!-oh,yes!Theyarenearly_.A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerc.moreorlessD.neckandneck8._childrenthereareinfamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterc.Fewer;richerD.more;

30、poorer9.mostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting_.A.moreandmorerichB.morerichandmorerichc.richerandricherD.richerandrichest10.whichlessonis_,thisoneorthatone?A.difficultB.muchdifficultc.moredifficultD.themostdifficult11.“A_accidenthappenedat7:30a.m.”saidthepoliceman_.A.serious,seriousB.seriously,serious

31、lyc.seriously,seriousD.serious,seriously12._isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge?A.HowlongB.Howoftenc.HowfarD.Howmuch13.Inourcity,itis_injuly,butitiseven_inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotc.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter14.Thispencilis_thatone.A.solongasB.aslongerasc.longerthanD.notaslongestas15.Thestationistwokil

32、ometers_thehospital.A.awaytoB.farawayc.farfromD.awayfrom16.Beijinghas_manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours.A.soB.veryc.tooD.much17.Thisboxis_heavy_Icantcarryit.A.too,toB.so,thatc.very,thatD.too,that18.Indiahasthesecond_populationintheworld.A.largerB.mostc.smallestD.largest19.maryreceived_

33、manypostcardsatchristmas.A.soB.suchc.tooD.even20.Thecakesmells_.Pleasethrowitaway.A.goodB.badlyc.badD.well21.-whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?-Itwasterrible.Itrainedso_thatpeoplecould_goout.A.hardlyhardB.hardlyhardlyc.hardhardlyD.hardhard22.Themeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhour,buttheyhaventgoteverythingr

34、eady_.A.everB.alreadyc.yetD.still23.-whatabouttheEnglishnovel?-Itsnotverydifficult.Thereareonly_newwordsinit.A.fewB.afewc.manyD.alittle24.Howbeautifulshesings!Iveneverheard_.A.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoicec.thebestvoiceD.abettervoice25.mrSmithalwayshas_totellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodn

35、ewsc.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnew26.Imafraidtheheadmasteris_busytomeetthevisitors.A.toomuchB.muchtooc.somuchD.verymuch27.Dad,whenwillyoubefree?youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago.-Iamsorry,jean.ButIthinkIwillhavea_holidaysoon.A.four-daysB.four-dayc.fourdaysD.fourday28.ThesceneryinS

36、anyalooks_,especiallyTianyaHaijiaois_.A,well,bestB.fine,themostfamousc.nice,betterD.beautifully,thebest29.whata_dayitis!Letsgooutforawalk.A.windyB.lovelyc.rainyD.cloudy30.ofthetwo.Australianstudents,mashais_one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A,tallestB,thetallerc.tallerD.thetallest-5ccADc6-10DDBcc1-15DcD

37、cD6-20ABDAc21-25ccADB26-30BBBBBII.形容詞1.Letsgoandhaveadrink.wevegot_timebeforethetrainleaves.A.littleB.fewc.alittleD.afew2.The_youeat,thebetteryourhealthwillbe.A.littleB.fewc.lessD.fewer3.Theyhavejustcleanedthewindows,sotheroomlooks_.A.morebrighterB.morebrightc.lessbrightD.muchbrighter4.whichisthe_,t

38、hetrainstation,thebusstationortheairport?A.farB.farthestc.fatherD.morefar5.Nowtheairinourhometownis_thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworsec.morebetterD.muchworse6.Iwasfeelingtiredlastnight,soIwenttobed_thanusual.A.earlyB.earlierc.lateD.later7.Eitherofthemcantakethisjob,butwhatIm

39、interestediniswhois_.A.themostcarefulB.morecarefulc.carefulD.evencareful8.Inourcity,its_injuly,butitiseven_inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotc.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter9.Ithinkyaoming,thefamousbasketballplayer,willbe_newstarinNBA.A.hotB.hotterc.hottestD.thehottest10.ofthetwoAustralianstudents,mashais_o

40、ne.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A.tallestB.thetallerc.tallerD.thetallest11.Itsgoodforyourhealthtodo_sports.A.muchB.leastc.moreD.most12.ourholidaywas_.yes.Iveneverhad_.A.such;abetteroneB.greatly;agoodonec.sogreat;abetteroneD.verygood;thebestone13.mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?-certainly,wecanbuy_oneth

41、anthis,but_this.A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasc.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;notasgoodas14.whydontyouaskTomtodoit?-Idontknowwhetherheis_to.Hesometimesmakesthingsworse.A.possibleB.ablec.afraidD.easy15.LotsofvisitorscometoNanjingbecausesheis_city.A.soabeautifulB.veryabeautifulc.suchbeautif

42、ulaD.quiteabeautiful16.Ifyoulikethechicken,youmayhaveas_asyoucan.A.muchB.manyc.moreD.little17.ThechangjiangRiverisoneof_riversintheworld.A.longB.longerc.longestD.thelongest18._childrenthereareinafamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterc.Fewer;richerD.more;poorer19.Theboyis_you

43、ngtocarrythebox.Letsgoandhelphim.A.tooB.soc.veryD.quite20.ThecoatIboughtlastweekistoobigforme.Idliketochangeitfora_one.A.smallB.largec.nicerD.smaller21.30,000dollarsisalargeamountofmoney,butits_thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchc.farlessD.verylittle22.chinahas_populationintheworld.A.biggerB.largerc.theb

44、iggestD.thelargest23.Lucyshandwritingisgood,butRoseshandwritingismuch_.A.goodB.bestc.betterD.thebest24.Thedayisbrightand_.Letsgoforawalk.A.sunnyB.darkc.cloudyD.windy25.Asaresult,_peopleliketotravelbyairthanbefore.A.muchmoreB.manymorec.moremuchD.moremany26.whynotmakeakiteyourself?youdontneed_forit.A.

45、anythingspecialB.somethingspecialc.specialanythingD.specialsomething27.Thiscomputerisasgoodasanewonebut_expensive.A.muchlessB.morelessc.moremuchD.muchmore28.Theyoungscientistdecidedtowork_inthe_forest.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;lonelyc.alone;aloneD.lonely;lonely29._youeatbutter,creamandchocolate,_youwill

46、become.A.Themore;thethinnerB.Theless;thefatterc.more;fatterD.Themore;thefatter30.Theoldmannextdoorwasfound_inthelivingroom.maybehediedfromaheartattack.A.deadB.diec.dyingD.death31.IpaidavisittomrsSmithyesterdayevening.Shedidntlook_,butshesaidshewasgettingonallright.A.asworriedaseverB.ashappyasusualc.

47、happierthanD.ashappilyasusual32.The_boyhadbeensenttohospitalbeforehismothergotbackhome.A.illB.dangerousc.sickD.sleeping33.Sheis_shecannotreachthetopoftheblackboard.A.suchatallpersonthatB.muchshorterthanc.asshortthatD.soshortthat34.Trytomakeas_mistakesaspossible.A.lessB.littlec.fewD.afewIII.副詞1.Theyyoungmanis_carrythatheavybag.A.strongenoughtoB.enoughstrongtoc.notstrongenoughD.strongenough2.yangwonthewomens500metersinthesportsmeeting.Shedid_ofall.A.bestB.betterc.wellD.good3.Itssocoldtoday.yes,its_colderthanitwasyes