1995-2004以及2010-2011考研英語真題答案

1、1995年考研英語真題答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. D2. A3. B4. D5. B6. C7. A8. D9. A10. CPart B (5 points)11. A reflect12. D if13. B to which14. D being15. C writing about或who write about16. D affected17. C whose18. C as19. C do much20. B each timePart C (10 points)21. B

2、22. D23. C24. C25. A26. B27. D28. C29. A30. A31. D32. B33. A34. C35. B36. A37. D38. D39. A40. BSection II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. B42. C43. C44. B45. D46. C47. A48. D49. A50. BSection III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. D52. A53. D54. C55. A56. C57. A58. D59. B60. C61. A62. D63. C64. B65. B

3、66. C67. D68. B69. A70. BSection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試作為抨擊目標(biāo)是錯誤的，因?yàn)樵谂険暨@類測試時(shí)，批評者不考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)。72.這些預(yù)測在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實(shí)，這取決于所采用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適宜性，以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。73.因此，在某一特定情況下，究竟是采用測試還是其他種類的信息，或是兩者同時(shí)使用，須憑有關(guān)相對效度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)而定，也取決于諸如費(fèi)用和有無來源等因素。74.一般地說，當(dāng)所要測定的特征能很精確地界定時(shí)，測試最為有效；而當(dāng)

4、所要測定或預(yù)測的東西不能明確地界定時(shí)，測試的效果則最差。75.例如，測試并不彌補(bǔ)明顯的社會不公；因此，它們不能說明一個(gè)物質(zhì)條件差的年輕人，如果在較好的環(huán)境下成長的話，會有多大才干。Section V: Writing (15 points)1996年考研英語真題答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. A2. C3. D4. B5. D6. C7. D8. B9. A10. CPart B (5 points)11. A went12. B psychologically13. A allowing

5、14. C he15. B are more likely16. C are17. C when18. B two spacecraft19. D taken20. C itPart C (10 points)21. D22. B23. D24. C25. A26. B27. D28. B29. A30. C31. D32. A33. C34. D35. C36. B37. D38. B39. A40. DSection II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. C42. D43. A44. B45. C46. A47. D48. B49. C50. ASection III

6、: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. B52. A53. D54. A55. B56. C57. C58. D59. C60. A61. C62. D63. D64. A65. B66. A67. D68. B69. B70. ASection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.在這些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地來自社會需求；另一些則是由于科學(xué)在一定程度上自我加速而產(chǎn)生某些特定發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。72.這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當(dāng)時(shí)一些國家的政府得出結(jié)論：政府要向科研機(jī)構(gòu)提出的具體要求通常是無法

7、詳盡預(yù)見的。73.給某些與當(dāng)前目標(biāo)無關(guān)但將來可能產(chǎn)生影響的科研以支持，看來通常能有效地解決這個(gè)問題。74.然而，世界就是如此，完美的體系一般而言是無法解決世上某些更加引人入勝的課題的。75.同過去一樣，將來必然會出現(xiàn)新的思維方式和新的思維對象，給完美以新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Section V: Writing (15 points)76.參考范文GOOD HEALTHWherever you are and whatever you do, staying healthy is always important. With the improvement of our living standards,

8、people are attaching more and more importance to their health. We students cant keep the high study efficiency without good health. The same thing is true with workers, scientists and doctors.In my opinion, good diet and exercises are two major ways to keep healthy. The food we eat every day must be

9、 rational and should include meat, vegetables, eggs, and fruit. It is important to drink water every day and not to get addicted to drinking coffee or some other soft drinks. Exercising every day is also essential for us to stay healthy. We can ride bicycles, play tennis or swim. Of course we dont n

10、eed to exhaust ourselves. We should plan our physical exercises according to our actual condition. An hour a day is enough.As a university student, I have much free time to do exercises. I usually play badmint0n and tennis. But sometimes I am lazy and do not exercise for all kinds of excuses, such a

11、s cold weather and exams. I must correct it. I am also careful with my diet. In a way, keeping healthy is not very hard, if you just take it seriously.1997年考研英語真題答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. B2. D3. A4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C9. D10. BPart B (5 points)11. C12. B13.

12、C14. B15. C16. A17. C18. D19. D20. BPart C (10 points)21. A22. B23. D24. A25. C26. B27. A28. A29. C30. D31. A32. C33. A34. C35. D36. B37. D38. B39. C40. DSection II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. A42. C43. D44. A45. B46. D47. C48. B49. A50. DSection III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. D52. B53. A5

13、4. C55. D56. A57. C58. B59. D60. A61. A62. B63. C64. D65. B66. A67. C68. B69. A70. DSection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.事實(shí)并非如此, 因?yàn)檫@種問法是以人們對人的權(quán)利有共同認(rèn)識為基礎(chǔ)的, 而這種共同認(rèn)識并不存在。72.有些哲學(xué)家論證說, 權(quán)利只存在在于社會契約中, 是責(zé)任與權(quán)益相交換的一部分。73.這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個(gè)極端, 它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)這樣對待動物：要么像對人類自身一樣關(guān)切體諒, 要么完全冷漠無情。74.這類人持極端看法,

14、認(rèn)為人與動物在各相關(guān)方面都不相同, 對待動物無須考慮道德問題。75.這種反應(yīng)并不錯, 這是人類用道德觀念進(jìn)行推理的本能在起作用, 這種本能應(yīng)得到鼓勵, 而不應(yīng)遭到嘲弄。Section V: Writing (15 points)76.參考范文例文一We meet smokers everywhere: in the streets, on college campuses and in shops. There are 5.8 billion people in the world, and the smokers are about 1.1 billion, which makes up 2

15、0 percent of the worlds total population.Smoking is very harmful. I think there are two main aspects to the damage. First, smoking consumes a great deal of money. As is shown in the pictorial graph, smoking wastes 200 billion dollars each year in the world. Second, smoking does harm to the health of

16、 smokers, and it is the main cause of lung cancer. About 3 million people die because of the relevant diseases derived from smoking every year.Because more and more people are aware of the great harm of smoking to humans, the amount of tobacco consumption is on the decrease. From the following figur

17、es we can clearly see the tendency. The total amount of world tobacco production added up to 14.364 billion pounds in 1994, but it dropped to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. At the same time, many countries call on people to give up smoking. So it is certain that the number of smokers is to decrease.例文

18、二About Tobacco ConsumptionFrom the above set of pictures, we can see that there were a total of 14.364 billion pounds of tobacco produced in 1994 and 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. Because the amount of tobacco production is falling yearly, it can be predicted that the tendency of tobacco consumption

19、would also be falling yearly. There are many reasons. Firstly, smoking wastes money. Every year there are two hundred billion dollars “burnt” in the cigarette “fire.” Secondly, smoking would hardly do people any good and it can even cause cancer. Every year there are three million people “buried” in

20、 the cigarette “tomb”.Although tobacco consumption is falling, there are too many people who smoke. The population in the world is 5.8 billion, but about twenty percent of the population, that is to say 1.1 billion people, smoke. So the situation is serious and the movement against smoking is still

21、a difficult task.評語：上邊兩篇作文內(nèi)容符合要求, 包括對各圖的說明, 對趨勢的預(yù)測及理由,數(shù)字表達(dá)正確, 語言較好, 表達(dá)能力較強(qiáng), 長度符合要求。得14分注：圖片上的文字是：本母雞承諾：本雞下蛋不見棱不見角保證有蛋皮，蛋黃和蛋清1998年考研英語真題答案 Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. B2. D3. B4. C5. A6. D7. C8. D9. A10. APart B (5 points)11. B12. D13. C14. B15. C16. B17. A18. C

22、19. A20. CPart C (10 points)21. C22. B23. D24. D25. D26. A27. C28. B29. C30. B31. A32. A33. D34. A35. B36. C37. A38. C39. B40. DSection II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. A42. B43. D44. A45. D46. D47. A48. B49. C50. DSection III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. C52. D53. D54. C55. A56. B57. B58. A59

23、. C60. D61. A62. A63. B64. C65. D66. C67. B68. B69. D70. CSection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。72.巨大的宇宙云的存在，實(shí)際上是使二十年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所不可缺少的。73.天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測器及球載儀器，正越來越近地觀測這些云系，也許不久會報(bào)告他們的觀測結(jié)果。74.假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致，那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的

24、勝利，這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論，亦稱宇宙膨脹說。75.宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七、八年來一直認(rèn)為這一論說是正確的。Section V: Writing (15 points)76.參考范文Recently, more and more people have seen varieties of promises either from TV, newspaper or from other media. As is shown in the cartoon, even a hen has learned how to

25、 promise. We all know that hens duty is to lay eggs which should undoubtedly consist of most elementary part. But the hen promises what she should do!(圖畫點(diǎn)題, 夾敘夾議)With the development of the society and the improvement of peoples living standard, more and more attention should be paid to the improvem

26、ent of quality of service. Therefore, many enterprises and departments promise to better their services so as to meet the peoples need better. They are also pleased to invite people to supervise what they have done and will do. But much to our surprise, some of them just say something that they shou

27、ld do. These promises are only laughed at by people.(解釋配詩, 又有議論)In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, because people are willing to be served really. All we should lay more emphasis on what we do and how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make p

28、eople satisfied with what we do.(發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn))評語：內(nèi)容切題, 包括圖畫的全部信息；清楚表達(dá)其內(nèi)涵, 文字連貫；句式有變化, 句子結(jié)構(gòu)和用詞正確, 文章長度符合要求。本作文得13分。1999年考研英語真題答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. D2. B3. A4. C5. A6. D7. B8. D9. C10. APart B (5 points)11. D were12. D saving13. C family-run14. C environmenta

29、l15. B that16. A in17. C to make18. D skinned19. B great20. D unlessPart C (10 points)21. A22. D23. C24. B25. A26. C27. A28. B29. D30. C31. C32. B33. D34. C35. C36. B37. A38. B39. D40. B Section II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. D42. A43. B44. A45. B46. C47. D48. C49. A50. DSection III: Reading Comprehe

30、nsion (40 points)51. B52. C53. A54. D55. A56. C57. D58. B59. B60. D61. C62. A63. B64. C65. D66. A67. A68. B69. D70. ASection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.幾乎每個(gè)歷史學(xué)家對史學(xué)都有自己的界定，但現(xiàn)代史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐最趨向于認(rèn)為歷史學(xué)是試圖重現(xiàn)過去的重大史實(shí)并對其做出解釋。72.人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。73.在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時(shí)

31、，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。74.所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史探究中各個(gè)具體領(lǐng)域適用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。75.這種謬誤同樣存在于歷史傳統(tǒng)派和歷史社科派；前者認(rèn)為歷史就是史學(xué)界內(nèi)部和外部人士對各種史料來源的評論，后者認(rèn)為歷史的研究是具體方法的研究。Section V: Writing (15 points)76.參考范文The two graphs tell us something about population growth and wildlife extinction in the U.S. From 1800, the Amer

32、ican population has been growing all the time. In the 100 years from 1600 to 1700, the number of wildlife species remained almost stable, with the next 200 years witnessing a growing trend in wildlife extinction. It can be easily seen that the more the human beings, the fewer the animal species.Ther

33、e may be several reasons for this effect. First, as human population expands, more and more wild animals are hunted for food. Second, due to all kinds of pollution and the damage of ecosystem caused by man, some animals have nowhere to live. Third, some animals are of great medical value, they becom

34、e the targets for making money.It is time we took some measures to stop this disturbing trend. On one hand, government should pass some laws and regulations to prevent people from killing more wild animals and forbid further damage to our environment. On the other hand, we should cultivate the aware

35、ness that animals are our friends and their extinction poses a threat rather than brings benefits to us. Only when human beings live in harmony with all kinds of animals can we really build a beautiful and healthy world.2000年考研英語真題答案 Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Part A (5 points)1.

36、 A2. B3. D4. A5. C6. C7. A8. B9. D10. CPart B (5 points)11. A12. D13. C14. D15. C16. D17. B18. A19. B20. DPart C (5 points)21. B22. D23. C24. A25. D26. A27. C28. D29. A30. B31. B32. A33. B34. D35. C36. A37. A38. D39. B40. CPart II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. C42. A43. B44. A45. C46. D47. B48. D49. C5

37、0. DSection III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. C52. D53. B54. A55. C56. B57. A58. D59. B60. A61. C62. D63. B64. D65. C66. A67. A68. C69. D70. BSection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.在現(xiàn)代條件下，這需要程度不同的中央控制，從而就需要獲得諸如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和運(yùn)籌學(xué)等領(lǐng)域?qū)＜业膮f(xié)助。72.再者，顯而易見的是一個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力與其工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率密切相關(guān)，而效率的提高則又有賴于各種科技人

38、員的努力。73.大眾通訊的顯著發(fā)展使各地的人們不斷感到有新的需求，不斷接觸到新的習(xí)俗和思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新。74. 在先期實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的歐洲國家中，其工業(yè)化進(jìn)程以及隨之而來的各種深刻的社會結(jié)構(gòu)變革，持續(xù)了大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)之久，而如今一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家在十年左右就可能完成這個(gè)過程。75. 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流動 (現(xiàn)代交通工具使這種流動相對容易) 造成的種種問題也會對社會造成新的壓力。Section V: Writing (15 points)76.參考范文These two pictures display a sharp contrast: there were a lo

39、t of fish with one fishing boat in the sea in 1900 while the situation was just the opposite in 1995. Obviously, the fishing industry was facing a major problem, with all the ocean resources being exhausted so quickly.The drawer is not exaggerating or joking about commercial fishing. On the contrary

40、, he is seriously warning us that our way of thinking and ways of doing things are unreasonable and dangerous. Our resources are limited and our ecosystem needs careful consideration and protection. If we only care about the present, we will suffer in the future. Its just like building friendship an

41、d saving money: the more you put int0 it, the more you can get; the more you take out, the less it is left.Measures should be taken if such disappointing situation is to be avoided. I suggest that government make laws and regulations to guide and supervise peoples fishing activity, punishing those w

42、ho only care about their own interest and bring harm to others and the environment. I also appeal to the public that money is not the only thing we can pursue and fish is not the only food we can eat. Whether for the benefit of the human race or for the interest of our own, we should show concern fo

43、r others and make plans for the future. Only in this way can we live happily and affluently.2001年考研英語真題答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)Part A (5 points)1. C2. B3. D4. A5. B6. D7. D8. A9. C10. APart B (10 points)11. B12. A13. B14. C15. C16. C17. D18. A19. C20. B21. D22. C23. B24. A25

44、. C26. A27. D28. B29. B30. DSection II: Cloze Text (10 points)31. D32. A33. D34. B35. A36. C37. D38. B39. B40. A41. B42. C43. B44. A45. C46. A47. D48. C49. D50. CSection III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)51. D52. B53. A54. C55. C56. A57. D58. A59. B60. D61. C62. A63. C64. A65. D66. B67. B68. B69

45、. C70. DSection IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71.屆時(shí)，將出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標(biāo) (違規(guī))，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。72.兒童將與裝有個(gè)性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有個(gè)性內(nèi)置的計(jì)算機(jī)將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具，人們將在氣味電視機(jī)前休閑，屆時(shí)數(shù)字體時(shí)代就來到了。73.皮爾森匯集世界各地?cái)?shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的新技術(shù)千年歷，它列出了人們有望看到數(shù)百項(xiàng)重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)的最遲日期。74.但皮爾森指出，這個(gè)突破僅僅是人機(jī)一體化的開始：“它是人機(jī)一體化漫長之路的第一步，最終

46、會使人們在下世紀(jì)末之前就研制出完全電子化的仿真人。”75.家用電器將會變得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它們會引發(fā)一種新的心理疾病 - 廚房狂躁。Section V: Writing (20 points)76.參考范文This picture is a symbol that tells us how we should use our love: our love is like a lamp; the darker the place, the brighter the light. Indeed, love is most precious when it is offered to s

47、omeone who is in difficulty.I can tell you a real story here. When I was a child, my family moved to the countryside. Among our new neighbors was a paralyzed woman. As an innocent child, I somehow showed some interest in her. When I had time, I would to see her. When I had something to eat, I would

48、let her share with me. One day she suddenly said to me, tear in her eyes, “I will bless you when I am in heaven.” I knew my love for her had worked wonders, for I had never heard her speaking and I thought she had lost her ability to speak. Her blessing may have really worked for I have been a lucky

49、 person in work and in life.As far as I understand, love is sympathy and sincerity that needs not be expressed in terms of money or sweet words. As the proverb goes, “a hand may smell fragrant when it gives roses to others.” I believe love is the most precious thing in the world and we should give i

50、t to those who need it most.2002年考研英語真題答案Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. sociology2. 19303. 234. religions5. 1954Part B (5 points)6. cameramen/camera men7. a personal visit8. depressed9. among advertisements10. take firm actionPart C (10 points)11. D12. B13. C14. D1

51、5. B16. A17. A18. D19. C20. BSection II: Use of English (10 points)21. A22. D23. C24. B25. B26. A27. D28. D29. C30. B31. D32. A33. A34. C35. B36. D37. A38. C39. B40. CSection III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. C42. B43. D44. D45. A46. C47. C48. D49. B50. C51. B52. D53. D54. A55. A56. B57. C58. B59. A60. DPart B (10 points)61.難題在于所謂的行為科學(xué)幾乎全都依然從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去尋找行為的根源。62.行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分原因是用來解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。63.自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環(huán)境在塑造和保持個(gè)體行為時(shí)的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認(rèn)識和研究。64.自由和尊嚴(yán) (它們) 是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對自己的行