word完整版狀語(yǔ)從句用法總結(jié)完整推薦文檔

1、什么是狀語(yǔ)？狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。狀語(yǔ)從句1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call.2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day 4.Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.5. I know how to light a camp fir

2、e because I had done it before. 狀語(yǔ)的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。什么是狀語(yǔ)從句？ 狀語(yǔ)從句指句子用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、定語(yǔ)、 狀語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子。狀語(yǔ)從句一般由連詞 （從屬連詞 ）引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引起。根據(jù)其作用狀語(yǔ)從句可分為：1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句3.原因狀語(yǔ)從句4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句6.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句7.比較狀語(yǔ)從句8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句9.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)一般情況下，時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用時(shí)”，用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ”表示“將來(lái)完成時(shí) ”。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ”表示“一般將來(lái)I wil

3、l call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.If he comes back, please let me know.1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after,since , till, until特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the minute, the moment, the second, everytime, the day ，the instanscarcely whe nt, im

4、mediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when,I didntrealize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard（ 果園 ）, the moment they saw the guardNo sooner had I arrived home, then it began to rain.Every tim

5、e I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.表示一就”除 as soon as 外，還有三類：名詞型 the moment, the minute, the second, the instant ； 副詞型 immediately, directly, instantly ；句式型no sooner than ,hardly/scarcelywherThe moment I saw him, I fell in love with him.I came immediately you called. 你一給我打電話，我就馬上來(lái)。I had no

6、 sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家，就開始下雨?！咀⒁狻咳绻?hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，不能用一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)態(tài)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)代替。When, while, as（ 一邊 . 一邊 .）, after, b

7、efore, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time（ 到。為止 , 所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時(shí) ）Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.when, while 和 as 的區(qū)別 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。

8、并且 就在那時(shí) ”,when = and then; at that moment。whenwhen有時(shí)表示W(wǎng)henWhenshe came in, I stopped eating.I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.We were about to leave when he came in.While 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生 或者相對(duì)應(yīng)）。并且 while 有時(shí)還可以表示對(duì)比。While my wife was reading the newspaper,

9、 I was watching TV.I like playing football while you like playing basketball.同時(shí)發(fā)生；As表示 一邊一邊”，as引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，一般用于主句和從句動(dòng)作 as 也可以強(qiáng)調(diào) “一先一后。We always sing as we walk.As we was going out, it began to snow.before 和 after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，趁before 的本意為 “在 之前” ，根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境還可理解為 “還沒(méi)來(lái)得及 /還沒(méi)有 著還沒(méi) 就 ，不知不覺(jué)就 ，才”等。After 表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)

10、生在從句動(dòng)作之后。It will be four days before they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had f

11、inished the work, we went home. till 或 until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句till 和 until 一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用 until 。 如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù) 性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。I didnt go to bed until （ till ） my father came back.It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. I worked un

12、til he came back. 我工作到他回來(lái)為止。I didnt work until he came back. 他回來(lái)我這才開始工作。 由 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。since 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。一般情況下，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但在 It is 時(shí)間 sinc e 從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?It is four years since my

13、 sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我們老板離開北京有五個(gè)月了。2地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： where特殊引導(dǎo)詞： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.there ）主句。Wherever you go, you should work hard. 句型 1： Where 地點(diǎn)從句，（Where th

14、ere is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated. 句型 2： Anywhere/ wherever 地點(diǎn)從句，主句。Wherever the sea is, y

15、ou will find seamen.3原因狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： because, since, as, for特殊引導(dǎo)詞： seeing that（由于，鑒于）,now that（既然）,in that, consideringthat（考慮到）,given that（考慮到）.My friends dislike me because I mhandsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let s）egin our conference.Considering that he is no more than 12 years o

16、ld, his height of 1.80 m is quiteremarkable.Seeing that you reilready at the door, I suppose I must in vite you in side.Considering he snly sixteen year old, he is not fit for the job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. because, since, as, for 辨析

17、1) because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因，回答 易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或since。why提出的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)原因是顯而I didn tgo, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2)由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來(lái)代替。但如果不是說(shuō)明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。He is absent today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he

18、 is absent today.3） as和for的區(qū)別：通常情況下，as引導(dǎo)的從句在主句前，for引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.（同義句）I stay at home, for the weather is cold.4.目的狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： so that, in order that特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hopethat, for the purpose that,to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary

19、 to hurry up with the lettersso that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the studentsin the back could hear more clearly.5.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： sothat, suchthat,特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that,to such a degree that,(such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組,so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。He

20、got up so early that he caught the first bus.It s uch a good chance that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn t sleep last night.6條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： if, unless,特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWell start ou

21、r project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一樣，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) 或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)替代。Tell me in case you get into difficulty.Supposing he does not come

22、, shall we go without him?7讓步狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： though, although, even if, even though 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as（用在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中必須要倒裝）， while （ 一般用在句首），nomatter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever,whenever.however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.The old man always enjoys s

23、wimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句as / though 引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前） 。= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注

24、意：a. 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。b. 句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí) 義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Thoughhe tries hard, he never seemsnomatterwho = whoevernomatterwhen = whenevernomatterwhere = wherevernomatterwhich = whicheverno matter how = however錯(cuò)）注意： no

25、matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。No matter what you say is of no use now.對(duì)）錯(cuò)）WhateverPrisoners對(duì)）Prisonersyou say is of no use now.have to eat no matter what theyregiven， have to eat whatever theyregiven.8比較狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as（同級(jí)比較），than（不同程度的比較）特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more the more ;just as ， so ;A is to B what /asX is to Y; noShe

26、is as bad-temperedmore than; not A so much as Bas her mother.The more you exercise， the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.no more than 只不過(guò) （嫌少的意思 ） not more than 不如。 （前者不如后者 ）I have no more than two pens. It nso more than a mile to the shops.Jack is not more diligent than J

27、ohn.one of the +名詞(復(fù)數(shù))之一(用于最高級(jí))Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.9方式狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： as, （just） asso，as if/though（”正如，就像） 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the wayWhen in Rome， do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.as if， as though 兩

28、者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作仿佛似的 ，好像似的 They completely ignore these facts as if(as though) they never existed.He looks as if (as though) he had beenhit by lighting.狀語(yǔ)從句的省略狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件it；be 的某種形式。從句中的主語(yǔ)和 主句和從句的主語(yǔ)一致，或從句主語(yǔ)為 從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be 動(dòng)詞?？墒÷?。When ( the museum is )

29、 completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比較狀語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常省略。I mtaller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).狀語(yǔ)從句的 省略 現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語(yǔ)從句中由if, unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句由由although, though, even

30、 if / though 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 ; when, while, as, before, after, until / till 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句由as, as if 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句 as, than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。由 下面針對(duì)這五種情形作歸納。當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be時(shí),it和be要完全簡(jiǎn)化掉。If (it is) possible, he will help youout of the difficulty.You must attend the meeting unless(2) 當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí) 于以下幾種情形 :(itis) inconvenient to you,從句可以將主語(yǔ)和be 動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)化掉。常用a.連詞+形容詞As (he was) young, he learned howtoride